Review
Microbiology
Jeremy S. Gray, Nicholas H. Ogden
Summary: The distribution and activity of primary ixodid vectors of human babesiosis are impacted by global warming, leading to northwards expansion of tick populations. Models predict an increase in cases of human babesiosis further north, although no concrete evidence of the disease being affected by global warming currently exists.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hongwei Xu, Lulu Huang, Jun Chen, Huiling Zhou, Yan Wan, Qing Qu, Minggang Wang, Sha Xue
Summary: A global meta-analysis of 1272 pairwise observations was conducted to explore the effects of global warming on soil microbial activity and soil carbon cycling. The study found that warming had positive effects on soil microbial activity and soil carbon content, but these effects weakened and even became negative with longer warming durations and higher magnitudes. Additionally, changes in precipitation and temperature also influenced the relationship between soil microbial biomass and diversity and warming. The findings highlight the significant impacts of warming on soil carbon cycling and contribute to our understanding of biogeochemical cycles in global ecosystems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Kloewer, M. R. Allen, D. S. Lee, S. R. Proud, L. Gallagher, A. Skowron
Summary: Aviation's contribution to global warming exceeds common perceptions, with a significant impact from a mix of climate pollutants despite a relatively low CO2 emission rate. Forecasted simulations suggest that aviation's warming contribution will continue to rise, but measures such as reducing air traffic scale or transitioning to carbon-neutral fuels can effectively mitigate its impact.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liang Qiao, Zhiyan Zuo, Renhe Zhang, Shilong Piao, Dong Xiao, Kaiwen Zhang
Summary: Soil moisture-atmosphere coupling induces non-linear warming via the 'warmer climate - drier soil' feedback, exerting an accelerating effect on global warming and extreme high temperatures. The projection shows that SA-driven warming will exceed 0.5°C over extratropical landmasses by the end of the 21st Century, increasing the likelihood of extreme high temperatures.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Timothy M. Lenton, Chi Xu, Jesse F. Abrams, Ashish Ghadiali, Sina Loriani, Boris Sakschewski, Caroline Zimm, Kristie L. Ebi, Robert R. Dunn, Jens-Christian Svenning, Marten Scheffer
Summary: The costs of climate change are often expressed in monetary terms, but this brings up ethical concerns. This study calculates the costs in terms of the number of people excluded from the 'human climate niche', which represents the historically consistent distribution of population density with respect to temperature. It was found that current climate policies leading to 2.7 degrees C global warming by the end of the century could leave one-third of the global population outside this niche, emphasizing the urgency for decisive action to address climate change.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael G. Jacox, Michael A. Alexander, Dillon Amaya, Emily Becker, Steven J. Bograd, Stephanie Brodie, Elliott L. Hazen, Mercedes Pozo Buil, Desiree Tommasi
Summary: Research shows that the onset, intensity, and duration of marine heatwaves are often predictable, with skillful forecasts possible from 1 to 12 months in advance depending on region, season, and climate mode status. Setting decision thresholds based on the probability of MHW occurrence can promote climate resilience in global marine ecosystems.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jamin Park, Oh-Sung Kwon, Luigi Di Sarno
Summary: Seismic hazards in permafrost regions have attracted growing interest due to the differences in frozen soil's dynamic properties compared to its unfrozen state, requiring consideration of the impact of soil temperature variation on seismic hazards. Comprehensive site response analysis shows that soil temperature variation significantly influences seismic hazards in the permafrost region.
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Yali Wu, Ying Ma, Yuan Niu, Xianfang Song, Hui Yu, Wei Lan, Xiaoqi Kang
Summary: The warming climate significantly affects agricultural water cycle, especially through crop water uptake pattern. Research has shown that under a 2 degree Celsius warming, maize exhibited changes in the utilization of soil water at different depths, requiring more irrigation and less water supply to adapt to the warming conditions.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Arturo Casadevall, Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Vincent Robert
Summary: Global warming has been suggested as a contributing factor to the simultaneous emergence of Candida auris as a nosocomial pathogen on different continents. Isolating C. auris from the remote Andaman Islands supports the hypothesis that it is an environmental organism. The slower growth of one environmental isolate at mammalian temperatures suggests recent thermal adaptation, potentially due to climate change.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaodan Guan, Zhaokui Gao, Jianping Huang, Chenyu Cao, Kaiwei Zhu, Jiamin Wang
Summary: Regional anthropogenic warming caused stronger and shorter cold events during the winter of 2020-21, particularly in East Asia. Unlike previous cold events, these extreme cold events were a result of meridional circulation changes due to anthropogenic warming. The study highlights the significant role of anthropogenic factors in cold events.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paulo Ceppi, Peer Nowack
Summary: Global warming influences Earth's cloud cover, which plays a crucial role in the uncertainty of Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS). Through analyzing how clouds respond to environmental changes, global cloud feedback is constrained to 0.43 +/- 0.35 W·m-2·K-1, indicating a robust amplifying effect of clouds on global warming. This approach is expected to provide tighter constraints on climate change projections and its various socioeconomic and ecological impacts.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Ivan Beltran, Suzana Herculano-Houzel, Barry Sinervo, Martin J. Whiting
Summary: Elevated temperatures during development affect a wide range of traits in ectotherms, but the impact of global warming on brain development has not been extensively studied. Evidence suggests that temperature may have a positive effect on neuronal activity and growth in developing brains, but only up to a certain threshold.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Entomology
James C. Burtis, Jenna Bjork, Tammi L. Johnson, Elizabeth Schiffman, David Neitzel, Rebecca J. Eisen
Summary: Ixodes scapularis, the primary vector of Lyme disease, poses a threat to public health in the United States. The incidence of Lyme disease is increasing rapidly in upper midwestern states, such as Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. The phenology of host-seeking I. scapularis affects the risk of tick bites. We conducted a study in Minnesota from 2015 to 2017 and found that adult ticks were active throughout the collection season, with peaks in April and sporadic activity in the summer and October. Nymphs were most active from May to August, with peak activity in June. These findings highlight the risk of human exposure to I. scapularis from April to November and are important for understanding the ecoepidemiology of Lyme disease.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer K. Balch, John T. Abatzoglou, Maxwell B. Joseph, Michael J. Koontz, Adam L. Mahood, Joseph McGlinchy, Megan E. Cattau, A. Park Williams
Summary: This study reveals that the intensity of night-time fires has increased due to hotter and drier nights. The global daily minimum vapour pressure deficit (VPD) has increased by 25% from 1979 to 2020. The annual number of flammable night-time hours on burnable lands has increased by 110 hours, allowing for five additional nights of continuous flammability. Across nearly one-fifth of burnable lands, flammable nights have increased by at least one week. Night fires globally have become 7.2% more intense from 2003 to 2020, as measured by satellite records. These findings highlight the lack of relief during the night for wildfire suppression teams. It is expected that continued night-time warming, driven by anthropogenic climate change, will lead to more intense, longer-lasting, and larger fires.
Article
Entomology
Julia Gonzalez, Dina M. Fonseca, Alvaro Toledo
Summary: People frequently use parks and forested areas for outdoor activities. This study monitored the seasonal dynamics of ticks in forest/meadow and forest/path ecotones in Middlesex County, New Jersey. The most abundant tick species collected was Haemaphysalis longicornis, an invasive tick species. The presence of anthropophilic ticks suggests the need for specific control approaches, and the high numbers of H. longicornis collected highlight the importance of monitoring its expansion as a potential vector of diseases.
