Article
Engineering, Environmental
Konstantinos Kappis, Joan Papavasiliou, Marcin Kusmierz, Grzegorz Slowikc, Yifan Li, Haibin Li, Wojciech Gac, George Avgouropoulos
Summary: Steam reforming of methanol using CuZnOx catalysts was investigated, and the incorporation of Ga was found to improve catalyst performance by altering the environment and promoting the formation of ZnGa2O4 spinels and oxygen vacancies. The presence of Ga2O3 (15 wt%) was beneficial for activity and selectivity, and the formation of a CuZnGaAlOx system further enhanced the performance. The most active material showed promising results in an integrated internal reforming methanol fuel cell operating at 220 degrees C.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Byung Sun Yoon, Yeon Jeong Yu, Gwan-Joong Park, Sung-Bin Choi, Su-Ji Kim, Chang Hyun Ko
Summary: The eggshell-type design of catalysts enables selective distribution on the outer region, resulting in enhanced efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. R. Kosinski, A. J. Vizcaino, L. M. Gomez-Sainero, A. Carrero, R. T. Baker
Summary: Catalysts of 2 wt% Pd/Sm-doped Ceria were prepared and evaluated for hydrogen production by methanol reforming. Among the three preparation methods, Method B resulted in the best activity and CO2 selectivity due to the superior nanostructure of the catalysts.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Konstantinos Kappis, Joan Papavasiliou, George Avgouropoulos
Summary: The production of hydrogen through methanol reforming processes, especially steam reforming, has attracted significant interest due to its ability to produce high concentrations of hydrogen with minimal carbon monoxide. Different catalytic systems, preparation methods, and integration with high temperature-polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells are being actively studied in this field.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mouxiao Song, Wenqing Zeng, Li Li, Xueshuang Wu, Guiying Li, Changwei Hu
Summary: Different Zr/Al molar ratios were used to prepare copper-based catalysts through the impregnation method. The 5 wt % Cu/ZrO2-8Al2O3 catalyst exhibited high activity with methanol conversion of 84.5%, hydrogen production rate of 98.7 mu mol/gcat center dot s, and the lowest carbon monoxide selectivity of 1.5% due to its smallest copper particle size, high medium-strong basic site, and high surface (Cu1+ + Cu0) proportion. In situ FT-IR results indicated that formate species might play an important role in H2 production.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yifan Li, Konstantinos Kappis, Joan Papavasiliou, Zhiyong Fu, Li Chen, Haibin Li, Dimitrios E. Vlachos, George Avgouropoulos
Summary: In this study, a fuel cell based on a molten proton conductor electrolyte membrane was developed, which can operate efficiently at high temperatures through integration with a CuZn-based methanol reformer. The experiment showed that the fuel cell could provide a voltage of 0.7 V and maintain a high open circuit voltage at 220℃.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shiang-Wuu Perng, Horng-Wen Wu
Summary: This article examines the fuel conversion ability of a small methanol steam reformer and the net electric power of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. By creating vein channels with varying widths and angles, the hydrogen yield, methanol conversion, and cell net electric power are evaluated at different temperatures. The findings show that adjusting the vein channel width and angle can enhance the fuel conversion and net electric power of the fuel cell.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Concetta Ruocco, Vincenzo Palma, Gianmario Picciotti, Antonio Coppola
Summary: The study comprehensively investigates the kinetics of ethanol oxidative reforming over a Pt-Ni/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst in the presence of fuel grade bioethanol, and develops a kinetic model that includes the formation of solid carbon. The results show a satisfactory fitting of the experimental data for the reaction scheme involving ethylene and acetaldehyde formation, their subsequent decomposition, methane oxidation, and steam reforming and water gas shift reaction. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibits high stability and near-zero carbon emission during long-term testing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Guiru Zhang, Jiali Zhao, Taotao Yang, Qi Zhang, Li Zhang
Summary: The CuZnO catalyst with excellent low-temperature catalytic activity is widely used in methanol steam reforming, and the unique synergistic effect of Cu2O/ZnO on MSR has been found. This effect significantly reduces the activation energy of methoxy dehydrogenation.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yimin Deng, Shuo Li, Lise Appels, Raf Dewil, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Hrvoje Mikulcic
Summary: Current energy systems have a significant environmental impact and future energy systems must rely on clean and renewable sources. This study discusses the catalytic steam reforming of methanol (CSRM) for H-2 production and assesses the performance of two novel catalysts. The results show that the Co/alpha-Al2O3 catalyst has significantly better performance than MnFe2O4, with high methanol conversion, H-2 yield and low CO and CO2 by-products formation. This research is important for further investigation and application of the CSRM system.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Shuyuan Li, Yunjiang Zhang, Zhaolin Fang, Kong Meng, Rui Tian, Hong He, Shaorui Sun
Summary: This study focuses on developing an automated method for extracting Pd-based catalyst synthesis routes from the chemical literature. The extracted structured data is then used to train machine learning models and predict the performance of materials. This method avoids the labor-intensive manual extraction process and improves information acquisition efficiency.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yizi Zhu, Zhixia He, Yanzhi Zhang, Tiemin Xuan, Qian Wang, Zhuang Shao, Weimin Li
Summary: The study investigates the potential of using a tri-fuel combustion mode, combining hydrogen, methanol, and diesel, to improve performance and reduce emissions in compression ignition engines. Through the integration of low-temperature combustion technology and online hydrogen production through methanol steam reforming, efficient and clean combustion is achieved. The optimization results demonstrate that the tri-fuel combustion mode surpasses the methanol/diesel and reformed gas/diesel dual-fuel modes in terms of thermal efficiency and emissions reduction, while also increasing methanol energy substitution rate.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jose L. C. Fajin, M. Natalia D. S. Cordeiro
Summary: Fuel cells produce electricity through catalytic reactions, with a focus on applications in the transportation sector. The use of multicomponent catalysts in light alcohol reforming for hydrogen production is being studied to overcome current limitations and improve efficiency. Further research and development are needed to address challenges and optimize the process.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Caroline Teixeira Rodrigues, Gabriela de Franca Lopes, Christian Goncalves Alonso, Luiz Mario de Matos Jorge, Paulo Roberto Paraiso
Summary: Studies on the integration of reforming systems with Fuel Cells are intriguing for energy production in remote areas. The development of multi-fuel processors that can utilize various fuels without modifying the unit is particularly interesting. This study modeled and simulated an Autonomous Fuel Cell (AFC) system with methanol and/or Dimethyl Ether Steam Reforming (SR) using Aspen Plus. The evaluation focused on process variables, operational conditions, and the need for additional processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdulrahman Almithn
Summary: This study investigates the influence of the phosphorus-to-nickel (P:Ni) ratio on methanol steam reforming (MSR) over nickel phosphide catalysts using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The catalytic behavior of Ni(111) and Ni12P5(001) surfaces was explored and contrasted to our previous results from research on Ni2P(001). The results show that Ni(111) predominantly favors methanol decomposition, while Ni1(2)P(5) exhibits a substantial increase in selectivity towards MSR.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Nikolaos Samartzis, Michail Athanasiou, Vassileios Dracopoulos, Spyros N. Yannopoulos, Theophilos Ioannides
Summary: This study reports the laser-mediated synthesis of high-quality graphene powder from a phenol-based resin, with promising potential in energy storage applications. The graphene-like structures showed excellent conductivity and cycling stability in aqueous supercapacitors, demonstrating good rate performance and capacitance values.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. Ioannidi, C. Anastasopoulos, D. Vroulias, J. Kallitsis, T. Ioannides, V Deimede
Summary: New pyridinium-based ionic liquids with PEO pendants were synthesized for CO2 and water selective membranes, demonstrating different gas permeability and selectivity based on the anion nature. The PIL containing C(CN)3- anion showed the lowest CO2 permeability with high selectivity, while PIL containing MeSO4- anion exhibited the highest water vapor permeability and selectivity. Water vapor had a plasticizing effect on gas permeation, decreasing separation factors compared to dry conditions.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria Smyrnioti, Theophilos Ioannides
Summary: This study investigates the performance of WO3/Al2O3 catalysts in the hydrolysis of dimethyl ether (DME) and finds that tungsten surface density plays a crucial role in the reaction rate and catalytic activity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria Smyrnioti, Theophilos Ioannides
Summary: The study investigates the catalytic oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME) using copper ferrite catalysts synthesized via the citrate complexation method. The Fe0.67Cu0.33 catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity in DME oxidation due to its higher specific surface area and enhanced redox properties. The presence of highly dispersed copper species and the formation of spinel phase contributed to the enhanced catalytic performance.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
John Vakros, George Avgouropoulos
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Christos Papadopoulos, Konstantinos Kappis, Joan Papavasiliou, John Vakros, Aspasia Antonelou, Wojciech Gac, Haibin Li, George Avgouropoulos
Summary: CuCe mixed oxides are commonly used for preferential CO oxidation in the purification of hydrogen-rich gas stream. This study investigated the synthesis of various ceria supports and the preparation of CuCe mixed-oxide catalysts. It found that modifying the hydrothermal parameters can tune the properties of the supports, leading to highly active and selective catalysts. The nature of the reduced copper species and the optimum content in oxygen vacancies play crucial roles in the catalytic performance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yifan Li, Jing Hu, Joan Papavasiliou, Zhiyong Fu, Li Chen, Haibin Li
Summary: The performance of membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) can be significantly enhanced by adding phosphoric acid in the catalyst layer with KH5 (PO4) (2)-doped PBI membrane. The influence of humidity and temperature on the resistance and the single-cell performance of MEA has been investigated, showing that temperature elevation can improve the peak power density.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yifan Li, Konstantinos Kappis, Joan Papavasiliou, Zhiyong Fu, Li Chen, Haibin Li, Dimitrios E. Vlachos, George Avgouropoulos
Summary: In this study, a fuel cell based on a molten proton conductor electrolyte membrane was developed, which can operate efficiently at high temperatures through integration with a CuZn-based methanol reformer. The experiment showed that the fuel cell could provide a voltage of 0.7 V and maintain a high open circuit voltage at 220℃.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kapil Bhorkar, Nikolaos Samartzis, Michail Athanasiou, Labrini Sygellou, Nikos Boukos, Vassilios Dracopoulos, Theophilos Ioannides, Spyros N. Yannopoulos
Summary: This study demonstrates a simple and scalable process to prepare high-purity turbostratic graphene and graphene/SiOx nanohybrids using laser-mediated explosive synthesis and transfer of graphene flakes. The process is capable of producing graphene flakes on various substrates and shows potential applications in flexible electronics.
NPJ 2D MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nikolaos Samartzis, Kapil Bhorkar, Michail Athanasiou, Labrini Sygellou, Vassileios Dracopoulos, Theophilos Ioannides, Spyros N. Yannopoulos
Summary: In this study, a laser-assisted method was developed to synthesize three-dimensional graphene-like porous networks, which offers a single-step, binder-free approach and shows improved performance compared to traditional synthesis protocols. The graphene-based electrodes prepared using this method exhibited excellent performance in terms of energy density, resistance, and cycling stability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dionysios Vroulias, Eirini Staurianou, Theophilos Ioannides, Valadoula Deimede
Summary: This study prepared free-standing composite membranes by blending imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with a previously developed PEO-based copolymer, aiming to improve CO2 permeability and CO2/gas separation. The effect of IL loading, alkyl chain length, and anion nature on physicochemical and gas transport properties were investigated. The PEO-based copolymer with 40 wt% IL3-[HMIM][TFSI] exhibited the highest CO2 permeability and CO2/H2 and CO2/CH4 selectivities. The membrane also showed high water vapor permeability and H2O/CO2 ideal selectivity, suggesting potential applications in hydrogen purification and CO2 gas stream dehydration.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Konstantinos Kappis, Joan Papavasiliou, Marcin Kusmierz, Grzegorz Slowikc, Yifan Li, Haibin Li, Wojciech Gac, George Avgouropoulos
Summary: Steam reforming of methanol using CuZnOx catalysts was investigated, and the incorporation of Ga was found to improve catalyst performance by altering the environment and promoting the formation of ZnGa2O4 spinels and oxygen vacancies. The presence of Ga2O3 (15 wt%) was beneficial for activity and selectivity, and the formation of a CuZnGaAlOx system further enhanced the performance. The most active material showed promising results in an integrated internal reforming methanol fuel cell operating at 220 degrees C.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
D. Vroulias, V. Dracopoulos, T. Ioannides
Summary: Supported nicotine-based IL membranes were synthesized to investigate the effect of alkyl chain length and ether groups on physicochemical properties and gas/water vapor separation. Gas permeation was influenced by diffusion, while solubility played a major role in water vapor permeation. Increasing alkyl chain length enhanced gas permeabilities via reduced IL viscosity, but decreased water vapor permeability due to increased hydrophobicity. In contrast, membranes with IL containing ether groups showed the highest water vapor permeability and selectivity, making them suitable for dehumidification processes even under mixed gas/water vapor conditions.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nikolaos Samartzis, Michail Athanasiou, Grigorios Raptopoulos, Patrina Paraskevopoulou, Theophilos Ioannides
Summary: Porous carbons obtained from biomass pyrolysis are an excellent choice for energy storage applications due to their abundant precursors, low cost, and the advantages of carbon aerogels such as high specific surface area, good conductivity, and light weight. Establishing cost-effective and eco-friendly protocols is significant to enhance the competitiveness of these materials. In this study, nitrogen/metal co-doped alginate-derived carbon aerogels were thoroughly characterized and showed excellent energy/power density and cycling stability in aqueous supercapacitors, surpassing previous reports.
