Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Al Ibtida Sultana, Nepu Saha, M. Toufiq Reza
Summary: Hydrogen (H-2) is considered a potential cost-efficient clean fuel due to its high energy content and sustainability. However, transportation and storage of H-2 remain major challenges for a sustainable H-2 economy. Developing biomass-based activated carbons as effective H-2 storage materials has been emphasized as a way to address these challenges.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhang Xueling, Wang Feifei, Zhang Qi, Lei Xudong, Wang Yanling, Zhang Yeqiang, Cheng Chuanxiao, Jin Tingxiang
Summary: A new composite thermochemical heat storage material was proposed with optimized samples Smix, Xopt, and Yopt exhibiting different adsorption capacities and heat storage densities. Among them, Xopt showed the highest adsorption capacity and heat storage density, as well as good cycle stability, indicating its potential application in medium- and low-temperature thermochemical adsorption heat storage systems.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nur Syazwani Che Mazlan, Muhammad Firdaus Asyraf Abdul Halim Yap, Mohammad Ismail, Muhammad Syarifuddin Yahya, Nurul Amirah Ali, Noratiqah Sazelee, Yew Been Seok
Summary: It is reported that the addition of activated carbon (AC) improves the hydrogen storage ability of ball-milled lithium alanate (LiAlH4). LiAlH4-10 wt.% AC composite exhibits lower onset decomposition temperature, enhanced desorption kinetics, and higher hydrogen release compared to as-received and as-milled LiAlH4. The presence of Li3AlH6 and carbon bonding in the LiAlH4-10 wt.% AC composite is verified by XRD and FTIR measurements.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pawel Baran, Bronislaw Buczek, Katarzyna Zarebska
Summary: Experimental results show that active carbon modified with potassium hydroxide exhibits a significantly increased capacity for hydrogen adsorption at low temperatures, with the adsorbed volume nearly four times higher than before modification.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Minh Hoang Nguyen, Mohamed Zbair, Patrick Dutournie, Simona Bennici
Summary: Sorption-based thermal storage is an attractive approach for sustainable and cost-effective thermal management and energy storage. However, the low sorption capacity of sorbents has been a challenge. This research investigates the use of MgSO4/bead activated carbon composites for thermochemical sorption heat storage, which showed high heat release and sorption capacity. The composite achieved higher water sorption capacity and thermal energy density due to the highly developed microporosity and high thermal conductivity of bead activated carbon. This research provides a promising low-carbon pathway for efficient thermal energy capture, storage, and utilization.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Davoud Balarak, Amir Hossein Mahvi, Saeideh Shahbaksh, Md A. Wahab, Ahmed Abdala
Summary: This study investigated the adsorptive removal of azithromycin from reclaimed water using activated porous carbon prepared from Azolla filiculoides. The AFAC showed high efficiency in removing azithromycin, indicating its potential as a low-cost adsorbent for AZM in aqueous solutions.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Pamela Ramirez-Vidal, Rafael L. S. Canevesi, Giuseppe Sdanghi, Sebastien Schaefer, Gael Maranzana, Alain Celzard, Vanessa Fierro
Summary: This study investigated hydrogen adsorption on six commercial activated carbons under different temperature and pressure conditions. The authors found that the use of nonlocal density functional theory provided a more accurate prediction of hydrogen adsorption capacity. The relationship between hydrogen adsorption capacity and surface properties of activated carbons was established, and different parameters were identified for evaluating the best activated carbon for hydrogen storage or compression.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Turkan Kopac
Summary: Activated carbons from biomass sources are attracting attention due to their superior properties for hydrogen storage applications. This comparative evaluation focuses on the differences in hydrogen storage performances of various carbon materials prepared from biomass sources, considering factors such as precursors and activating agents. The study provides an overview of the preparation, characterization, and analysis methods of biosorbents from different types of biomass, as well as perspectives and challenges in the field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xue Gao, Zeming Zhong, Liangjun Huang, Yuchen Mao, Hui Wang, Jiangwen Liu, Liuzhang Ouyang, Lei Zhang, Mengjiao Han, Xiuliang Ma, Min Zhu
Summary: Porous carbon materials modified with transition metals were prepared and investigated for their hydrogen storage performance. The results showed that the transition metal doping enhanced the interaction between hydrogen and the carbon materials, leading to higher hydrogen storage capacity and uptake capacity. Particularly, manganese-doped porous carbon material exhibited a high hydrogen storage capacity at low temperature and high pressure.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mengbo Wu, Qingrong Zheng, Tingquan Sun, Xuan Zhang
Summary: Experiments and simulations were conducted to evaluate the measures for enhancing adsorption capacity and heat conducting of on board MOFs hydrogen storage system using cryo-adsorption. MIL-101(Cr) composite was synthesized using the solvothermal method and its properties were characterized. The effects of adding expanded natural graphite (ENG) and equipping a honeycomb heat exchanging device (HHED) on the thermal performance of the storage system were investigated. Results showed that adding activated carbon and equipping HHED improved the adsorption capacity and reduced temperature fluctuation, making HHED a promising method for mitigating the thermal effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kentaro Kadota, You-Lee Hong, Yusuke Nishiyama, Easan Sivaniah, Daniel Packwood, Satoshi Horike
Summary: Conversion of CO2 into highly porous crystalline MOFs at ambient temperature and pressure has been achieved in a one-pot process, offering a potential solution to the challenge of realizing a carbonneutral society.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Atef Chibani, Ghania Mecheri, Slimane Merouani, Aissa Dehane
Summary: A computational fluid dynamics model was used to simulate the heat transfer in industrial-scale hydrogen storage using activated carbon and metal foam phase change material. The study found that adjusting the porosity of the metal foam can accelerate the heat transfer in the activated carbon layer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhihua Deng, Qiuhan Zhang, Qing Deng, Zhanhu Guo, Ilwoo Seok
Summary: In this study, the impregnation method was used to modify coconut shell activated carbon for purifying acetone exhaust gas. The results showed that 1% KOH modified activated carbon exhibited the highest adsorption performance, with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and Bangham kinetic model fitting the adsorption process well.
ADVANCED COMPOSITES AND HYBRID MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenqiang Hu, Yao Li, Mingtao Zheng, Yong Xiao, Hanwu Dong, Yeru Liang, Hang Hu, Yingliang Liu
Summary: A simple and effective strategy using Na2SO3 and NaOH aqueous mixture to degrade lignin and hemicellulose in biomass, transforming it into porous carbon with high specific surface area and large pore volume. The prepared sample exhibits appealing hydrogen storage capacity and isosteric heat of hydrogen adsorption, making it suitable for high-performance hydrogen storage materials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Faezeh Jokar, Dinh Duc Nguyen, Mahnaz Pourkhalil, Vahid Pirouzfar
Summary: Carbon nanotubes and nanoporous activated carbons were used as adsorbents for hydrogen storage in this study. The structures were prepared by special methods and characterized, with nitric acid-modified carbon showing the highest H-2 adsorption capacity under certain conditions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Naman Purwar, Maximilian Meindl, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: This article introduces the application of model order reduction (MOR) in large thermo-acoustic models and compares several reduction techniques. The study found that reduction techniques based on preserving transfer behavior are more suitable for thermo-acoustic stability analysis.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chuhan Wang, Thomas L. Kaiser, Max Meindl, Kilian Oberleithner, Wolfgang Polifke, Lutz Lesshafft
Summary: The response of a 2D laminar premixed slot flame to external forcing is investigated using linear analysis. The study reveals that the mechanisms triggering flame oscillations may involve resonance with intrinsic thermoacoustic (ITA) instability modes.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sagar Kulkarni, Camilo F. Silva, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: This theoretical investigation examines the impact of gas velocity oscillations on droplet number density and evaporation rate. It proposes a mathematical model and analytical formulation to describe the processes involved. The study finds that gas velocity oscillations lead to variations in droplet concentration and modulation of evaporation rate, which in turn affect the equivalence ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPRAY AND COMBUSTION DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Matthias Haeringer, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: We propose a hybrid model strategy for simulating non-linear thermoacoustic phenomena, such as limit-cycle oscillations, in can-annular combustion systems. The model combines compressible CFD simulations with a low-order model to capture the non-linear dynamics of the flame. Parameters of the non-linear models are estimated during runtime based on observations from the CFD simulations. The results show that the proposed hybrid model accurately represents the non-linear dynamics of the flame with significantly reduced computational cost.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPRAY AND COMBUSTION DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
J. Kuhlmann, A. Lampmann, M. Pfitzner, W. Polifke
Summary: This study compares two turbulent combustion models and assesses their reliability and versatility by applying them to various operating conditions and burner configurations.
Article
Mechanics
J. Kuhlmann, S. Marragou, I. Boxx, T. Schuller, W. Polifke
Summary: This study combines Large Eddy Simulation (LES) with System Identification (SI) to determine the Flame Transfer Functions (FTFs) of technically premixed flames. Two different approaches are used to obtain the corresponding FTFs from numerical data and compare them with experimental results. The experiment measures CH* chemiluminescence instead of heat release rate, which is insufficient for FTF identification but can be used for simulation validation. The LES/SI approach is shown to be flexible and reliable for technically premixed flames.
Article
Mechanics
Alex M. Garcia, Sophie Le Bras, Jens Prager, Matthias Haringer, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: The effects of hydrogen addition on the flame dynamics of a bluff-body stabilized methane-hydrogen turbulent flame are studied using large eddy simulation and calibrated global kinetic mechanisms. The numerical simulations accurately describe the flame speeds, flame thickness, and heat release distribution under different conditions. The flame transfer functions computed from the simulation data show good agreement with experimental measurements, indicating that the LES-SysID approach can predict the response of turbulent methane-hydrogen flames to velocity fluctuations.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Guillaume J. J. Fournier, Felicitas Schaefer, Matthias Haeringer, Camilo F. Silva, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: Thermoacoustic systems can exhibit self-excited instabilities in the form of cavity modes or intrinsic thermoacoustic (ITA) modes. In this study, we investigate the interaction of clusters formed by these modes when they are in the same frequency range. We derive a network model and analyze the trajectories of eigenmodes in a Rijke tube configuration and a can-annular combustor.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Marcin Rywik, Praveen Kasthuri, Isaac Boxx, Ianko Chterev, Wolfgang Polifke, R. I. Sujith
Summary: This study uses complex network theory to analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of the PRECCINSTA swirl burner operating on hydrogen-methane fuel blends. Period-1 and period-2 limit cycle oscillations as well as chaotic oscillations were observed. A turbulence network and a heat release rate correlation network were constructed, showing significant differences in their properties.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kah J. Yong, Camilo F. Silva, Guillaume J. J. Fournier, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: A recent study proposed the use of phasor diagrams to categorize marginally stable modes in an ideal resonator with a compact, velocity-sensitive flame. The method does not rely on any parametric sweep, but on the angle relating the velocity phasors across the flame.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alex M. Garcia, Sophie Le Bras, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: This study numerically analyzes the impact of hydrogen addition on the consumption speed of premixed lean methane-air laminar flames under combined strain and heat loss. Different equivalence ratios and fuel compositions are considered. The results indicate that the definition of consumption speed based on heat release rate yields different flame responses compared to the definition based on fuel consumption rate. Strain rate increases the flame speed at first and then decreases it for lean methane-hydrogen mixtures. Heat loss decreases the stretched flame speed and leads to earlier flame extinction. Hydrogen addition and equivalence ratio significantly affect the maximum consumption speed and flame response to strain rate and heat loss. The effect of hydrogen on thermo-diffusive properties of the mixture is also analyzed and related to the consumption speed.
COMBUSTION THEORY AND MODELLING
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Naman Purwar, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: Thermoacoustic systems can be modeled using a hybrid approach that combines separate models for acoustic propagation and flame dynamics. Model Order Reduction can be applied to the acoustic subdomains to reduce computational cost. In this study, a frequency-weighted pseudo-optimal rational Krylov algorithm is used along with frequency-domain System Identification and cumulative reduction framework to perform Model Order Reduction. The reduced-order subdomain is then coupled with other acoustic subdomains and a flame model to form a reduced-order thermoacoustic system. Results demonstrate accurate reproduction of thermoacoustic modes by the reduced-order model.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alexander J. Eder, Camilo F. Silva, Matthias Haeringer, Johannes Kuhlmann, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: This study compares the advantages and disadvantages of compressible and incompressible computational fluid dynamics (CFD) formulations for estimating acoustic flame response. By applying system identification (SI) to time series data extracted from large eddy simulation (LES), the flame transfer function of a swirl-stabilized burner is determined. The results show that incompressible simulations have several advantages over compressible simulations in terms of desired statistical properties enhancement, reduced computational costs, and simpler implementation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPRAY AND COMBUSTION DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Christopher M. Douglas, Wolfgang Polifke, Lutz Lesshafft
Summary: This paper presents a global nonlinear bifurcation analysis of burner-stabilized laminar premixed conical flames, exploring the dynamics and steady structures of the flame. The analysis reveals saddle-node bifurcations corresponding to spontaneous flash-back and blow-off of the axisymmetric flame, as well as axisymmetry breaking bifurcations associated with transitions to steady three-dimensional polyhedral and tilted flame states.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Thomas Steinbacher, Wolfgang Polifke
Summary: Convective velocity perturbations (CVPs) play an important role in flame response to acoustic perturbations and thermoacoustic combustion instabilities. This study uses a reduced order flow decomposition approach to model the response of laminar premixed slit flames to low amplitude perturbations of the upstream flow velocity. It analyzes the respective contributions of irrotational and solenoidal flows to the flame response and the effect of flame perturbations on the flow. The results show that convected velocity perturbations are generated by flame-flow feedback, rather than immediate acoustic-to-hydrodynamic mode conversion.
