Hydrogen production by biomass gasification in supercritical water over Ni/γAl2O3 and Ni/CeO2-γAl2O3 catalysts

Hydrogen production by supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is a promising technology for wet biomass utilization. Ni catalyst can realize the high gasification efficiency of biomass near the critical temperature of water. In this paper, Ni/gamma Al2O3 and Ni/CeO2-gamma Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method. The catalyst performance for glucose gasification in supercritical water was tested in autoclave reactor. All experiments were carried out in the autoclave at 673 K, 24.5 MPa, and the concentration of glucose was 9.09 wt.%. The catalysts before and after reaction were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET specific surface area measurements, X-ray fluorescence spectrum (XRF) and Thermo-gravimetric analyses (TGA) in order to investigate on the chemical property and catalytic mechanism. The experimental results showed that hydrogen yield and hydrogen selectivity increased sharply with addition of Ni/gamma Al2O3 and Ni/CeO2-gamma Al2O3 catalysts. The catalytic activity and H-2 selectivity of Ni/CeO2-gamma Al2O3 was higher than that of Ni/gamma Al2O3 catalyst. The results revealed that carbon deposition and coking led to the deactivation of the catalysts. Ce in the Ni/CeO2-gamma Al2O3 catalyst had a certain role in the inhibition of carbon deposition and coking. (C) 2009 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.