Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Guiying Cao, Yanling Yuan, Cai Kong, Jue Liu, Min Liu, Hanfeng Ye
Summary: This study using data from Yunnan province found significant ethnic differences in preterm birth rates among women in China, with higher rates observed among ethnic minority women. The findings suggest the need for greater efforts to reduce ethnic inequalities in preterm birth.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kamelia Mollestam, Martin Englund, Isam Atroshi
Summary: This study found a significant association between clinically relevant CTS and type of work and education level, with a dose-response pattern between increasing manual work load and lower education level in both women and men. These findings could be important in designing and implementing preventive measures.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kimberly R. Huyser, Tse-Chuan Yang, Aggie J. Yellow Horse
Summary: The study found that in New Mexico, areas with high levels of concentrated disadvantage and income inequality are more likely to have higher numbers of COVID-19 cases, as well as areas with higher percentage of American Indian and Alaska Native populations. These associations vary spatially, suggesting the need for targeted efforts in COVID-19 mitigation focusing on disadvantaged areas.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Xiaobo He, Qiaona Dai, Xiaoli Wu, Junjun Zhou, Jie Li
Summary: This study suggested that TOLAC was effective in decreasing cesarean delivery rates in the Chinese population. The induction of labor was positively associated with TOLAC failure, while the thickness of the lower uterine segment was negatively associated with TOLAC failure.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Snezana Corovic, Katarina Janicijevic, Snezana Radovanovic, Ivana Simic Vukomanovic, Olgica Mihaljevic, Jelena Djordjevic, Milan Djordjic, Dalibor Stajic, Ognjen Djordjevic, Gordana Djordjevic, Jovana Radovanovic, Viktor Selakovic, Zivana Slovic, Vesna Milicic
Summary: This study aims to assess the association between demographic and socioeconomic determinants and the utilization of dental services among Serbian adults.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jing Wu, Li Feng, Hongwei Zhang, Li Guo, Rafael Perez-Escamilla, Yifei Hu
Summary: The rates of cesarean preference were lower than the actual rates of cesarean births in China, indicating a high inconsistency between preferred and actual modes of delivery. Risk factors contributing to this inconsistency include maternal obesity, assisted reproduction, abnormal amniotic fluid volume, fetal distress, and pre-labor rupture of membranes. Further research is needed to address this issue and consider maternal preferences for vaginal delivery.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Susana Carolina Guzman-Rosas
Summary: Despite the extensive research on energy poverty, there is a lack of exploration on this issue among indigenous populations. This paper aims to shed light on energy poverty among indigenous populations in Mexico, being the first to focus on ethnicity as a determinant of this issue. The study reveals social inequalities in energy poverty among indigenous groups, indicating the need for progressive public policies to address the vulnerability of these populations.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Janet M. Kist, Gideon W. G. Smit, Albert T. A. Mairuhu, Jeroen N. Struijs, Rimke C. Vos, Petra G. van Peet, Hedwig M. M. Vos, Edith D. Beishuizen, Yvo W. J. Sijpkens, Rolf H. H. Groenwold, Mattijs E. Numans
Summary: This study investigated cardiovascular death rates stratified by ethnicity and socioeconomic factors in an urban population in The Hague, the Netherlands, revealing large health disparities across ethnic and socioeconomic subgroups. Identifying high-risk subgroups and implementing targeted preventive efforts may help improve cardiovascular health equity within communities.
Article
Oncology
Hiba A. Wanis, Henrik Moller, Keyoumars Ashkan, Elizabeth A. Davies
Summary: This study found ethnic differences in survival rates of patients with malignant primary brain tumors in England. Patients with an Indian background, Any Other White, Other Ethnic Group, and Unknown/Not Stated Ethnicity had better one-year survival rates than the White British Group, after adjusting for known prognostic factors. Understanding these ethnic variations could help identify potential risk or protective factors and improve patient outcomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachel J. Kearns, Martin Shaw, Piotr S. Gromski, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Deborah A. Lawlor, Scott M. Nelson
Summary: This population-based cohort study in Scotland found that labor epidural analgesia was not independently associated with adverse neonatal or childhood development outcomes. Associations with neonatal resuscitation and admission were likely mediated by mode of delivery.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Md Ashfikur Rahman, Satyajit Kundu, Harun Or Rashid, Hasibul Hasan Shanto, Md Mahmudur Rahman, Bayezid Khan, Md Hasan Howlader, Md Akhtarul Islam
Summary: This study examines the socioeconomic inequalities in access to facility delivery in Bangladesh. The findings reveal that women from wealthier backgrounds, with higher education levels, and living in urban areas are more likely to utilize facility delivery services. Addressing these inequalities should be a priority to improve maternal healthcare outcomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christoph Lee, Weiwei Zhu, Tracy Onega, Louise M. Henderson, Karla Kerlikowske, Brian L. Sprague, Garth H. Rauscher, Ellen S. O'Meara, Anna N. A. Tosteson, Jennifer S. Haas, Roberta DiFlorio-Alexander, Celia Kaplan, Diana L. Miglioretti
Summary: In this cross-sectional study, women of minority race/ethnicity and lower socioeconomic status experienced lower DBT access during the early adoption period and persistently lower DBT use when available over time. Future efforts should address racial/ethnic, educational, and financial barriers to DBT screening.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Neus Carrilero, Albert Dalmau-Bueno, Anna Garcia-Altes
Summary: The study revealed that socioeconomic and gender inequalities are prevalent in childhood health, with certain diseases such as tuberculosis, obesity, and anxiety disorders being most affected by these inequalities. Improving social equity could lead to a significant reduction in the occurrence of various diseases in children.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maciej Waledziak, Anna Rozanska-Waledziak
Summary: The study results indicate that obesity and overweight do not seem to influence women's preferences for mode of delivery, opinions on shared decision making, and preferences for cesarean delivery on request without medical indications. However, for women with morbid obesity (BMI >= 35 kg/m(2)), the sample size was too small for the results to be considered significant and further studies are needed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Gargie Ahmad, Sally McManus, Claudia Cooper, Stephani L. Hatch, Jayati Das-Munshi
Summary: The study found that all ethnic minority groups in England had lower treatment receipt for mental health problems compared to the White British group, with inequalities appearing to be widening over time for the Black group in particular. Addressing socioeconomic inequality could potentially reduce these ethnic inequalities, but it does not fully explain the pronounced treatment disparities.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christopher Sainsbury, Jingya Wang, Krishna Gokhale, Dionisio Acosta-Mena, Samir Dhalla, Nathan Byne, Joht Singh Chandan, Astha Anand, Jennifer Cooper, Kelvin Okoth, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Mansoor N. Bangash, Thomas Taverner, Wasim Hanif, Sandip Ghosh, Parth Narendran, Kar K. Cheng, Tom Marshall, Georgios Gkoutos, Konstantinos Toulis, Neil Thomas, Abd Tahrani, Nicola J. Adderley, Shamil Haroon, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar
Summary: The study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no increased risk of COVID-19 among individuals with type 2 diabetes prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors compared to those prescribed DPP-4 inhibitors.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Primary Health Care
Samuel Finnikin, Brian H. Willis, Ronan Ryan, Tim Evans, Tom Marshall
Summary: The study investigated factors affecting statin prescribing based on coded and uncoded CVD risk estimates. Results showed that prescribing based on coded QRISK2 was more consistent with guidelines, while prescribing without a coded risk estimate was mainly based on total cholesterol levels. Promoting routine use of CVD risk estimation tools is important for optimizing decision making in statin prescribing.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gwilym J. Webb, Ronan P. Ryan, Tom P. Marshall, Gideon M. Hirschfield
Summary: A retrospective cohort study using UK primary care records found a positive correlation between a more northerly latitude and the incidence of PBC and AIH, but not PSC. Further research is needed to confirm and explain this association.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shamil Haroon, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Jennifer Cooper, Astha Anand, Krishna Gokhale, Nathan Byne, Samir Dhalla, Dionisio Acosta-Mena, Thomas Taverner, Kelvin Okoth, Jingya Wang, Joht Singh Chandan, Christopher Sainsbury, Dawit Tefra Zemedikun, G. Neil Thomas, Dhruv Parekh, Tom Marshall, Elizabeth Sapey, Nicola J. Adderley, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar
Summary: This study investigated the association between prescription of ACE inhibitors or ARBs and the incidence of COVID-19 and all-cause mortality. The results showed that there was no significant difference in COVID-19 incidence between users of ACE inhibitors and CCBs, while users of ARBs had a slightly higher incidence rate. However, there were no significant associations between prescription of either ACE inhibitors or ARBs and all-cause mortality.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Katherine Phillips, Anuradhaa Subramanian, G. Neil Thomas, Nazish Khan, Joht Singh Chandan, Paul Brady, Tom Marshall, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Larissa Fabritz, Nicola Jaime Adderley
Summary: Between 2008 and 2018, there was an increase in the proportion of AF patients prescribed anticoagulants, driven by the use of non-vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants. The prescription rate for rate control drugs remained constant, while there was a decline in GP prescribing rates for rhythm control drugs.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shahin Merat, Elham Jafari, Amir Reza Radmard, Masoud Khoshnia, Maryam Sharafkhah, Alireza Nateghi Baygi, Tom Marshall, Abolfazl Shiravi Khuzani, Kar Keung Cheng, Hossein Poustchi, Reza Malekzadeh
Summary: Fixed-dose combination therapy is effective for preventing major cardiovascular events in individuals with and without presumed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (pNASH). Among participants with fatty liver and elevated liver enzymes, the use of a polypill can reduce liver enzyme levels.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kelvin Okoth, Francesca Crowe, Tom Marshall, G. Neil Thomas, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Nicola J. Adderley
Summary: This study investigates the trends in incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in young adults in the UK. The results show an overall downward trend in incidence and prevalence for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and angina, but an upward trend for coronary revascularization, stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA), and heart failure (HF). The trends for myocardial infarction (MI) were stable in men and increased in women. The study highlights the worsening trends in CVD among young adults and calls for further investigation and public health intervention.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shamil Haroon, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Sarah E. Hughes, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi, Elin Haf Davies, Puja Myles, Tim Williams, Grace Turner, Joht Singh Chandan, Christel McMullan, Janet Lord, David C. Wraith, Kirsty McGee, Alastair K. Denniston, Thomas Taverner, Louise J. Jackson, Elizabeth Sapey, George Gkoutos, Krishna Gokhale, Edward Leggett, Clare Iles, Christopher Frost, Gary McNamara, Amy Bamford, Tom Marshall, Dawit T. Zemedikun, Gary Price, Steven Marwaha, Nikita Simms-Williams, Kirsty Brown, Anita Walker, Karen Jones, Karen Matthews, Jennifer Camaradou, Michael Saint-Cricq, Sumita Kumar, Yvonne Alder, David E. Stanton, Lisa Agyen, Megan Baber, Hannah Blaize, Melanie Calvert
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the symptom burden and underlying pathophysiology of Long COVID syndromes in non-hospitalised individuals and evaluate potential therapies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amanda M. Lambert, Helen M. Parretti, Emma Pearce, Malcolm J. Price, Mark Riley, Ronan Ryan, Natalie Tyldesley-Marshall, Tuba Saygin Avsar, Gemma Matthewman, Alexandra Lee, Khaled Ahmed, Maria Lisa Odland, Christoph U. Correll, Marco Solmi, Tom Marshall
Summary: This systematic review examined the relationship between severe mental illness (SMI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and found a strong association between SMI and increased incidence and mortality from CVD, particularly in the 1990s and among younger individuals.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Lisa Odland, Samiha Ismail, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Hossein Poustchi, Alireza Sadjadi, Akram Pourshams, Tom Marshall, Miles D. Witham, Reza Malekzadeh, Justine Davies
Summary: This study in Iran, a middle-income country undergoing rapid economic transition, demonstrates the associations between multimorbidity and mortality as well as hospitalization. The findings indicate that multimorbidity is associated with an increased risk of mortality and higher rates of hospitalization. These long-term effects of multimorbidity are consistent with those seen in high-income countries.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anuradhaa Subramanian, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Sarah Hughes, Puja Myles, Tim Williams, Krishna M. Gokhale, Tom Taverner, Joht Singh Chandan, Kirsty Brown, Nikita Simms-Williams, Anoop D. Shah, Megha Singh, Farah Kidy, Kelvin Okoth, Richard Hotham, Nasir Bashir, Neil Cockburn, Siang Ing Lee, Grace M. Turner, Georgios V. Gkoutos, Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi, Christel McMullan, Alastair K. Denniston, Elizabeth Sapey, Janet M. Lord, David C. Wraith, Edward Leggett, Clare Iles, Tom Marshall, Malcolm J. Price, Steven Marwaha, Elin Haf Davies, Louise J. Jackson, Karen L. Matthews, Jenny Camaradou, Melanie Calvert, Shamil Haroon
Summary: A retrospective analysis of primary care records in the United Kingdom reveals individual symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections, which persisted for 12 weeks or more after infection, as well as risk factors associated with developing long COVID.
Article
Medical Informatics
Jennifer Cooper, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Francesca Crowe, Amaya Azcoaga-Lorenzo, Colin Mccowan, Thomas Jackson, Aditya Acharya, Krishna Gokhale, Niluka Gunathilaka, Tom Marshall, Shamil Haroon
Summary: This study analyzed a large primary care database in England to investigate the prevalence and socio-demographic variation of cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic (CRM) conditions and mental health (MH) conditions. The study found variations in prevalence by sex and ethnicity, suggesting potential differences in clinical presentation and practice. It also highlighted the underrepresentation of undiagnosed conditions, particularly in mental health, in primary care data.
BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alex Gough, Alice Sitch, Erica Ferris, Tom Marshall
Summary: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of within-subject variability in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement. The results showed that HbA1c variability is higher in patients with diabetes and is associated with mean population HbA1c level. These findings highlight the importance of better understanding and accurate estimation of factors associated with HbA1c variability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sida Chen, Tom Marshall, Christopher Jackson, Jennifer Cooper, Francesca Crowe, Krish Nirantharakumar, Catherine L. Saunders, Paul Kirk, Sylvia Richardson, Duncan Edwards, Simon Griffin, Christopher Yau, Jessica K. Barrett
Summary: Multimorbidity, characterized by the coexistence of multiple chronic conditions, is a rising public health concern. This study utilized electronic primary care records from England to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and the rate of disease progression. The findings indicate strong associations between social deprivation, gender, and age with disease diagnosis, which tend to attenuate with an increase in the number of preexisting conditions.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rachel Adams, Rachel Jordan, Peymane Adab, Tim Barrett, Sheriden Bevan, Lucy Cooper, Ingrid DuRand, Pollyanna Hardy, Nicola Heneghan, Kate Jolly, Sue Jowett, Tom Marshall, Margaret O'Hara, Kiran Rai, Hugh Rickards, Ruth Riley, Steven Sadhra, Sarah Tearne, Gareth Walters, Elizabeth Sapey
Summary: This study aims to reduce absenteeism and presenteeism among NHS staff through an employee health screening clinic, evaluating its clinical and cost-effectiveness through a randomized controlled trial. The trial will recruit 480 participants and evaluate a range of outcomes, including recruitment, referrals, and uptake of recommended services.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2022)
