Article
Psychiatry
Lucy Colbourne, Sierra Luciano, Paul J. Harrison
Summary: The study found differential associations between major anti-hypertensive drug classes and the incidence of psychiatric disorders, with ARBs showing the most advantageous risk profile and beta-blockers the least. The apparent beneficial effects of ARBs warrant further investigation.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael S. Stone, Berdine R. Martin, Connie M. Weaver
Summary: Potassium supplementation may have a favorable effect on urinary calcium excretion and urine pH, but did not show significant impact on calcium retention according to the study.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eveline M. van Luik, Esmee W. P. Vaes, Maud A. M. Vesseur, Nick Wilmes, Daniek A. M. Meijs, Sophie A. J. S. Laven, Zenab Mohseni-Alsalhi, Sander de Haas, Marc E. A. Spaanderman, Chahinda Ghossein-Doha
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, with hypertension as the main risk factor for both sexes. Calcium channel blockers have different effects on blood pressure for males and females, with a greater reduction observed in females.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Baracaldo-Santamaria, Sara Sofia Avendano-Lopez, Daniel Felipe Ariza-Salamanca, Mateo Rodriguez-Giraldo, Carlos A. Calderon-Ospina, Rodrigo E. Gonzalez-Reyes, Mauricio O. Nava-Mesa
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive dementia in older adults. It is characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment due to dysfunction in cholinergic pathways and neurotoxicity mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). The presence of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular amyloid-beta (A beta) plaques, and selective neurodegeneration are the pathological hallmarks of the disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Gulbahar Ustaoglu, Emrah Erdal, Zeynep Karas
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence rate of drug-induced gingival overgrowth in patients treated with ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and CCBs, with highest rate found in the amlodipine group. There was a significant relationship between drug dosage and DIGO, while no association was found with the duration of therapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Filomena Gomes, Per Ashorn, Sufia Askari, Jose M. Belizan, Erick Boy, Gabriela Cormick, Katherine L. Dickin, Amalia R. Driller-Colangelo, Wafaie Fawzi, G. Justus Hofmeyr, Jean Humphrey, Anuradha Khadilkar, Rubina Mandlik, Lynnette M. Neufeld, Cristina Palacios, Daniel E. Roth, Julie Shlisky, Christopher R. Sudfeld, Connie Weaver, Megan W. Bourassa
Summary: Most low- and middle-income countries have low calcium intake during pregnancy and high rates of mortality due to maternal hypertensive disorders. Calcium supplementation during pregnancy is known to reduce the risk of these disorders, but it is not widely implemented due to cost and logistical issues. Simplifying the supplementation regimens and combining calcium supplementation with food-based approaches may be necessary to improve calcium intakes.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tejabhiram Yadavalli, Sudhanshu Kumar Singh, Abhijit A. Date, Deepak Shukla
Summary: This study evaluated the acute and short-term toxicity of orally administered BX795 in mice, as well as its pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution. The results showed that orally administered BX795 was well tolerated, had an oral bioavailability of 56%, and reached ocular and genital tissues within the first 15 min of dosing. The study indicated that orally administered BX795 can significantly reduce herpesvirus replication in ocular and genital tissue.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lei Sheng, Wei Cao, Pingping Lin, Weili Chen, Hongrong Xu, Chunjiu Zhong, Fei Yuan, Hanjing Chen, Hui Li, Chao Liu, Mengjie Yang, Xuening Li
Summary: The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of benfotiamine were evaluated in healthy subjects through single and multiple ascending doses. The results showed that benfotiamine was safe and well-tolerated, with moderate accumulation observed for TM and TDP with repeated administration.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xoan Thi Le, Loan Thanh Thi Nguyen, Phuong Thi Nguyen, Tai Van Nguyen, Hiep Van Nguyen, Hang Thi Nguyet Pham, Hong Nguyen Tran, Thang Dac Hoang, Dong Van Le, Kinzo Matsumoto
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the anti-hypertensive effects of aqueous extract of Callisia fragrans using a 2K1C model of reno-vascular hypertension in rats. Results showed that the extract significantly reduced blood pressure, alleviated ventricular hypertrophy, and improved renal function, possibly through ACE inhibition and diuretic properties.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Joanna Mackiewicz, Malwina Lisek, Tomasz Boczek
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline. It is associated with beta-amyloid plaques, tau tangles, and a sustained inflammatory response. The CaN/NFAT signaling pathway has been found to contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease and targeting this pathway may have therapeutic benefits.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Morgan R. Miller, Yee Fun Lee, Ksenia V. Kastanenka
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease associated with increasing cases of dementia, and its etiology is widely debated. The Calcium Hypothesis proposes that dysfunction in calcium signaling is the common pathway leading to neurodegeneration. Using YC3.6, studies have shown that amyloidosis precedes dysfunction in neuronal calcium signaling and changes in synapse structure, supporting the Calcium Hypothesis. However, further research is needed to translate these findings into human therapies.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erica Caballero, Elena Hernando-Perez, Victor Tapias, Maria Calvo-Rodriguez, Carlos Villalobos, Lucia Nunez
Summary: The Aβ oligomers in Alzheimer's disease promote calcium influx by amyloid channels and NMDA receptors, leading to excitotoxicity and neuron degeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carolyn S. Kaufman, Robyn A. Honea, Joseph Pleen, Rebecca J. Lepping, Amber Watts, Jill K. Morris, Sandra A. Billinger, Jeffrey M. Burns, Eric D. Vidoni
Summary: Aerobic exercise can significantly improve hippocampal blood flow for hypertensive APOE4 carriers, with no significant effect on non-carriers. Additionally, multiple regression analysis showed an increase in hippocampal blood flow for APOE4 carriers in response to reductions in systolic blood pressure.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jade L. Taylor, Harry A. T. Pritchard, Katy R. Walsh, Patrick Strangward, Claire White, David Hill-Eubanks, Mariam Alakrawi, Grant W. Hennig, Stuart M. Allan, Mark T. Nelson, Adam S. Greenstein
Summary: The study investigates the role of vasodilatory pathways in cerebral arteries in the context of Alzheimer's disease. The researchers found that dysfunction in potassium channels involved in vasodilation may contribute to reduced blood flow and impaired functional hyperemia, highlighting the importance of targeting these pathways for potential therapeutic interventions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah Mustaly-Kalimi, Wacey Gallegos, Robert A. Marr, Alice Gilman-Sachs, Daniel A. Peterson, Israel Sekler, Grace E. Stutzmann
Summary: Impairments in Ca2+ signaling disrupt lysosomal acidification and contribute to pathological protein aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders like AD. Targeting the RyR-Ca2+ pathway could be a potential therapeutic intervention.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eamon J. Laird, Aisling M. O'Halloran, Anne M. Molloy, Martin Healy, Belinda Hernandez, Deirdre M. A. O'Connor, Rose A. Kenny, Robert Briggs
Summary: This longitudinal study used the Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging to investigate the relationship between blood plasma folate and B-12 levels and incident depressive symptoms in older adults. The results showed that individuals with lower blood plasma folate and B-12 concentrations had a higher likelihood of developing depressive symptoms. Further research is needed to explore the cost-effective benefits of optimizing vitamin B-12 status for depression in older adults.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Desmond O. Donnell, Roman Romero-Ortuno, Sean P. Kennelly, Desmond O'Neill, Patrick O. Donoghue, Amanda Lavan, Conal Cunningham, Paul McElwaine, Rose Anne Kenny, Robert Briggs
Summary: This study examines clustering of orthostatic hypotension, cognitive impairment, and mobility impairment, and their relationship with future falls and fractures in older adults. The cluster of these three syndromes is strongly associated with unexplained falls and incident fractures.
Article
Neurosciences
Rory Boyle, Michael Connaughton, Eimear McGlinchey, Silvin P. P. Knight, Celine De Looze, Daniel Carey, Yaakov Stern, Ian H. H. Robertson, Rose Anne Kenny, Robert Whelan
Summary: Cognitive reserve can support cognitive function despite brain pathology or atrophy. This study developed and validated a measure of cognitive reserve using task-based fMRI data and applied it to resting-state data. The findings suggest that task-based functional connectivity can be used to generate valid measures of cognitive reserve.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kevin McCarthy, Eamon Laird, Aisling M. O'Halloran, Padraic Fallon, Roman Romero Ortuno, Rose Anne Kenny
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and prevalent and incident frailty in the elderly. The results showed that MetS was associated with an increased likelihood of both prevalent and incident frailty. MetS should be considered as a risk factor for frailty and be taken into consideration in geriatric assessments.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Caoileann H. Murphy, Eoin Duggan, James Davis, Aisling M. O'Halloran, Silvin P. Knight, Rose Anne Kenny, Sinead N. McCarthy, Roman Romero-Ortuno
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between lutein and zeaxanthin status and musculoskeletal health and frailty. The results showed that higher plasma lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations at baseline were associated with a reduced likelihood of incident frailty after 8 years of follow-up and were positively associated with several indices of musculoskeletal health. However, plasma lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations were not predictive of longitudinal changes in these outcomes.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Raquel Gutierrez-Zuniga, James R. C. Davis, Kathy Ruddy, Celine De Looze, Daniel Carey, James Meaney, Rose Anne Kenny, Silvin Paul Knight, Roman Romero-Ortuno
Summary: This study aimed to explore the associations between a frailty index (FI) and brain structure on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and identify the most important FI features driving the associations. The results showed that lower cortex and thalamic volumes were independently associated with higher FI. The study suggests that the FI could be used as a potential measure of brain health, and there is scope for developing FIs that include metrics more specifically related to brain health in future studies.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Annalisa Setti, Belinda Hernandez, Rebecca J. Hirst, Orna A. Donoghue, Rose Anne Kenny, Fiona N. Newell
Summary: This study examined the association between the Sound-Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI) task and gait speed in 3255 participants. The results showed that slower gait speed was associated with higher susceptibility to SIFI, suggesting a link between mobility and multisensory processing in aging.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Celine De Looze, Naiara Demnitz, Silvin Knight, Daniel Carey, Jim Meaney, Rose Anne Kenny, Cathal McCrory
Summary: This study investigates the link between life-course intergenerational social mobility and cognitive function as well as brain structure in older adults. Data from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing was used for analysis. The results show a social gradient in cognitive function among intergenerationally stable individuals, while brain structure is not as strongly influenced by social factors. Both childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position are important in shaping later-life brain health, but adulthood socioeconomic position has a greater impact. This suggests that brain health may be modifiable if socioeconomic circumstances change.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Raquel Gutierrez Zuniga, James R. C. Davis, Rory Boyle, Celine De Looze, James F. Meaney, Robert Whelan, Rose Anne Kenny, Silvin P. Knight, Roman Romero Ortuno
Summary: Frailty in older adults is linked to higher risk of cognitive decline. This study used connectome-based predictive modeling to explore the association between frailty and brain connectivity. The results revealed a frailty network characterized by connectivity in the visual network and a robustness network characterized by connectivity in the basal ganglia. Frailty was correlated with walking speed but not with overall cognition, aligning with the predicted connectivity pattern in the basal ganglia.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Deirdre O'Connor, Anne M. Molloy, Eamon Laird, Rose Anne Kenny, Aisling M. O'Halloran
Summary: Age-related frailty and cognitive decline have a significant impact on the functional capacity and independence of older adults. Adequate nutrition, specifically micronutrients, plays a crucial role in delaying the onset of these conditions. This review focuses on the potential value of maintaining micronutrient sufficiency for the health of the ageing population, particularly in relation to pre-frailty, frailty, and cognitive impairment. The study examines several vitamins (B-12, folate, D) and carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin), showing that low concentrations of folate and carotenoids are associated with poorer cognitive health and that multiple nutrient deficiencies increase the risk of frailty and pre-frailty.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura Perez-Denia, Paul Claffey, Ailbhe O'Reilly, Maria Delgado-Ortet, Ciara Rice, Rose Anne Kenny, Ciaran Finucane
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eamon Laird, Aisling M. M. O'Halloran, Anne M. M. Molloy, Martin Healy, Nollaig Bourke, Rose Anne Kenny
Summary: Research studies have found associations between vitamin D and inflammation, but representative studies in older adults are limited. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) and vitamin D status in a representative sample of older Irish adults. The findings showed that older adults with deficient vitamin D status had higher levels of inflammation as measured by CRP. Optimizing vitamin D status could be an effective and low-cost way to reduce inflammation in community dwelling older adults.
Article
Psychiatry
Eamon Laird, Matthew P. Herring, Brian P. Carson, Catherine B. Woods, Cathal Walsh, Rose Anne Kenny, Charlotte Lund Rasmussen
Summary: This study found that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) can reduce the risk of depression among older adults with chronic illnesses. This is particularly important for older adults with type 2 diabetes, who are more likely to experience depressive symptoms. The study suggests that interventions should focus on promoting and ensuring compliance with MVPA guidelines among chronically-ill individuals, including those with type 2 diabetes, to prevent depression.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eamon Laird, Charlotte Lund Rasmussen, Rose Anne Kenny, Matthew P. Herring
Summary: This study examines the effects of different intensities of moderate to vigorous physical activity on depressive symptoms and major depression rates in older adults. The results show that even below current recommended doses for overall health, moderate to vigorous physical activity can significantly reduce depressive symptoms and rates of depression. It is recommended for public health interventions to explore lower physical activity thresholds among older adults to reduce the risk of depression.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Eleanor Gallagher, Mustafa Mehmood, Amanda Lavan, Rose Anne Kenny, Robert Briggs
Summary: The purpose of this study is to clarify the association between the use of psychotropic medication and future falls/fractures in older people. The results show that psychotropic medication use is associated with falls, unexplained falls, and fractures. Antidepressants and anticholinergics are specifically associated with future unexplained falls.
EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2023)