Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Matthieu Fortin-Deschenes, Fengnian Xia
Summary: Layered silicon diphosphide exhibits unique excitonic states with linearly dichroic photoluminescence and strong exciton-phonon coupling.
News Item
Microbiology
Dongying Wu, Natalia Ivanova
Summary: This Genome Watch highlights the recent developments of prokaryotic nomenclature leading to the coexistence of two parallel prokaryotic nomenclatural codes.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James Chen, Damian C. Ekiert
Summary: This paragraph describes a drug for treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, which targets the key enzyme ATP synthase in cellular respiration. A recent study shows that this drug, along with another inhibitor, prevents the enzymatic function by inhibiting the necessary rotational motions.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Han Han, Wenqi Wang
Summary: In a recent study published in The EMBO Journal, Qi et al (2023) propose a new model for the Hippo kinase cascade, shedding light on the long-standing question of its precise organization.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alison Clayton
Summary: This commentary compares two recently published informed consent recommendations for gender dysphoria and highlights the difference in their assessment of the evidence base for gender affirming treatment. The evaluation of citations supports the claim of weak evidence for puberty blockers and gender affirming hormonal treatments in youth with gender dysphoria. It then reflects on whether gender affirming treatments should be limited to clinical research conditions rather than routine clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
B. De Bruyne, J. Randon-Furling, S. Redner
Summary: The study introduces a minimalist dynamical model of wealth evolution and sharing to compare altruism and individualism. Results show that altruism leads to more global wealth at early times, but individualists eventually accumulate most wealth and are richer and longer lived than altruists.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. J. Zanazzi
Summary: This study reanalyzes the binary data from Kepler and TESS missions and focuses on tidal circularization. It finds that circularization occurs at a period of around 6 days for nearly circular binaries with long orbital periods, but occurs at a period of around 3 days for binaries with moderate eccentricities. The study also highlights the significant difference in eccentricity distributions between young and old binaries.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dakota M. Merriles, Michael D. Morse
Summary: This study recorded predissociation thresholds of more than 100 d- and f-block metal-containing molecules, which have electron degeneracies generating a dense manifold of electronic states allowing for coupling of high-lying vibronic levels to dissociation pathways. However, CrN, CuB, and AuB fail to dissociate at their ground state, but instead remain bound at energies surpassing their bond dissociation energies. The revised values for bond dissociation energies of these molecules at excited states are provided.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zeev Elkoshi
Summary: This article compares cancer and autoimmune diseases in terms of immune cell involvement, gene expression, drug effect, and the impact of reactive oxygen species. It discusses the changes in inflammatory immune reaction during cancer progression and its effect on comorbidity with autoimmune diseases. The similarities and differences in inflammatory properties of autoimmune diseases and different stages of cancer explain the increased incidence of many types of cancer in patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases and the reduced cancer-specific mortality in these patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Leiping Duan, Long Hu, Xinwei Guan, Chun-Ho Lin, Dewei Chu, Shujuan Huang, Xiaogang Liu, Jianyu Yuan, Tom Wu
Summary: This review compares the similarities and differences between lead chalcogenide and lead halide perovskite QDs for photovoltaic applications, focusing on their fundamental physical properties and state-of-the-art devices with an emphasis on ligand and device engineering. Special attention is also given to the stability issue that often hinders photovoltaic technologies, with discussions on future developments, challenges associated with large-size cell fabrication and lead toxicity, as well as potential mitigation solutions.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Business
Chune Young Chung, Hong Kee Sul, Kainan Wang
Summary: The research indicates that U.S. institutions benefit from market proximity advantage, while Chinese institutions benefit from geographic proximity advantage. Institutional ownership predicts stock returns for U.S. and Chinese institutions, but not for institutions from other countries.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ross Sager, Malcolm Bennett, Jung-Youn Lee
Summary: Successful plant organ development relies on well-coordinated intercellular communication, with plasmodesmata playing a key role. Symplasmic isolation can promote organ differentiation and functionality.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
B. J. Minsley, N. J. Pastick, S. R. James, D. R. N. Brown, B. K. Wylie, M. A. Kass, V. E. Romanovsky
Summary: Warming temperatures and extreme weather events are causing changes in permafrost in northern latitudes. Electrical resistivity tomography surveys are used to measure and interpret the changes, along with point observations of permafrost depth, temperature, and water content.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Charlotte Brierley, Bethan Psaila
Summary: In this study, Li et al used preclinical models to address three questions in the biology of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs): how the TP53 allelic state promotes leukemic transformation, the cellular origin of the resultant leukemia, and whether TP53 mutant clones have specific vulnerabilities for therapeutic exploitation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Theodore R. Gull, Felipe Navarete, Michael F. Corcoran, Augusto Damineli, David Espinoza, Kenji Hamaguchi, Henrik Hartman, D. John Hillier, Thomas Madura, Anthony F. J. Moffat, Patrick Morris, Krister Nielsen, Julian M. Pittard, Andrew M. T. Pollock, Noel D. Richardson, Christopher M. P. Russell, Ian R. Stevens, Gerd Weigelt
Summary: The far-ultraviolet flux of Eta Carinae has increased by an order of magnitude since 2002, attributed to the partial dissipation of a line-of-sight occulter blocking the central core. The 2020 periastron passage showed stronger wavelength dependence in FUV emission, with enhancements near periastron followed by transient absorption. The drop in flux is due to increased absorption by once ionized species as the secondary star plunges into the wind of the primary star.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)