Article
Immunology
Jingnan Liao, Yuan Li, Xiaofeng Li, Xian Su, Jing Peng, Na Xiao, Xiangxiu Fan, Huijun Chen, Guangxiu Lu, Ge Lin, Lamei Cheng, Fei Gong
Summary: The study found that pre-pregnancy blood Treg levels were significantly lower in URPL patients than in controls, and that Treg levels predicted subsequent miscarriages. There were no significant differences among other blood cell types between the two groups.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Brent S. McKenzie, Joshua Beilke, Fred Ramsdell
Summary: Regulatory T (Treg) cells play a crucial role in maintaining peripheral tolerance and preventing various immune-related diseases. They are able to develop in both the thymus and peripheral tissues through the expression of a transcription factor called FOXP3. Treg cells exert their tolerogenic effects by using multiple mechanisms, such as producing inhibitory cytokines, suppressing T effector cells, and modulating antigen-presenting cell function. Recently, there has been a focus on genetically engineering Treg cells to enhance their therapeutic potential, leading to ongoing clinical trials. This review highlights the advancements and challenges in harnessing Treg cells as a new approach for treating diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Vanessa Rocha Ribeiro, Mariana Romao-Veiga, Priscila Rezeck Nunes, Mariana Leticia Matias, Jose Carlos Peracoli, Maria Terezinha Serrao Peracoli
Summary: The study found that pregnant women with preeclampsia have significantly lower levels of Vitamin D. Vitamin D treatment in these women led to a decrease in inflammatory gene expression and an increase in anti-inflammatory and regulatory gene expression. This indicates that Vitamin D has an immunomodulatory effect on T cell subsets in pregnant women with preeclampsia.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Severine Menoret, Laurent Tesson, Severine Remy, Victor Gourain, Celine Serazin, Claire Usal, Aude Guiffes, Vanessa Chenouard, Laure-Helene Ouisse, Malika Gantier, Jean-Marie Heslan, Cynthia Fourgeux, Jeremie Poschmann, Carole Guillonneau, Ignacio Anegon
Summary: In this study, a Foxp3-EGFP rat transgenic line was created to genetically tag CD4(+) and CD8(+) FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells. CD4(+)EGFP(+) Treg were found to be 5-10 times more frequent than CD8(+)EGFP(+) Treg. RNAseq analysis provided insights into the transcriptome of CD8(+) Treg, allowing for a better understanding of their phenotype and function.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah A. Robertson, Lachlan M. Moldenhauer, Ella S. Green, Alison S. Care, M. Louise Hull
Summary: Immune cells play essential roles in endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation and early placental development, providing potential targets for diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic intervention in infertility by addressing the pathophysiological mechanisms of the uterine immune response.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Mojgan Esparvarinha, Sahar Madadi, Lida Aslanian-Kalkhoran, Hamid Nickho, Sanam Dolati, Helen Pia, Shahla Danaii, Simin Taghavi, Mehdi Yousefi
Summary: Pregnancy problems such as recurrent pregnancy loss, repeated implantation failure, and pre-eclampsia are common in reproductive ages and can be caused by genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, as well as infections. By identifying and eliminating the causes of abortion, the chances of successful pregnancy can be increased, but for cases with unknown causes, an imbalance in immune cell pattern may be present, leading to failed pregnancy. Therefore, treatment focuses on increasing tolerance rather than suppressing the maternal immune system.
CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yang Cui, Lixia Xu, Fanchen Wang, Zhengang Wang, Xiaoguang Tong, Hua Yan
Summary: Craniocerebral trauma can lead to secondary inflammatory responses, exacerbating brain damage and cognitive dysfunction. Administration of brain protein combined with probiotics reduces secondary inflammatory responses and promotes T-cell differentiation into regulatory T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Kevin J. J. Lopez, Arthur A. A. Cross-Najafi, Kristine Farag, Benjamin Obando, Deepthi Thadasina, Abdulkadir Isidan, Yujin Park, Wenjun Zhang, Burcin Ekser, Ping Li
Summary: Eliminating major xenoantigens has reduced hyperacute xenograft rejection, but acute rejection remains a challenge in xenotransplantation. NK cells play a role in both cytotoxicity against xenogeneic cells and affecting other immune cells through cytokine secretion. The regulation of NK cell activating and inhibitory receptors is crucial in determining the NK cell response. Inhibition of NK cell activity can protect xenografts. Recent advancements in genetic modifications of porcine xenografts have shown promise in reducing NK cell-mediated rejection. Future research on NK cell tolerance in pregnancy and NK cell evasion in viral infection can further promote xenograft acceptance.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ioannis Kienes, Ella L. Johnston, Natalie J. Bitto, Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos, Thomas A. Kufer
Summary: This article summarizes the subversion strategies used by bacterial pathogens to evade host immune detection, focusing on the well-studied NLRs NOD1/2, NLRP3, and NLRC4. The authors discuss how bacterial pathogens activate these NLRs to promote inflammation and disease, as well as mechanisms used by bacteria to attenuate NLR activation and interfere with host immunity. They also highlight the role of NLRs in facilitating immunotolerance and persistence of bacteria in the host, and the therapeutic potential of harnessing bacterial immune subversion strategies for chronic inflammatory conditions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biology
Matthias B. Stope, Alexander Mustea, Nicole Saenger, Rebekka Einenkel
Summary: Due to a significant increase in secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, leukocytes account for a large percentage of the decidua during implantation. While their importance in implantation, pregnancy maintenance, and parturition is acknowledged, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. Decidual immune-related factors are speculated to be the cause of idiopathic infertility. This review summarizes the functions of immune cells in the decidua and discusses clinical diagnostics and interventions. While there are numerous diagnostic tools available commercially, intervention options are still limited and/or poorly studied. Translational research and understanding the underlying mechanisms are crucial for further advancements in reproductive immunology.
Review
Immunology
Miao Huang, Hao Cai, Bing Han, Yuhan Xia, Xiaoni Kong, Jinyang Gu
Summary: NK cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury and can exacerbate the damage caused by this process.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mihaela Andreescu, Francesca Frincu, Mihaela Plotogea, Claudia Mehedintu
Summary: Immune tolerance at the feto-maternal interface is crucial for a successful pregnancy. Natural killer (NK) cells and T-cells play a important role in supporting the growth of the developing fetus by producing various factors. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) on NK cells enable them to differentiate between self and non-self, contributing to immune tolerance. Abnormalities in NK cells, KIRs, and T-cells have been linked to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). This review discusses the research on these immune factors in RSA incidence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jie Sun, Guang-Peng Zhou, Shi-Peng Li, Xiao-Jie Chen, Jin-Ming Zhang, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Bin Cui, Hai-Ming Zhang, Li-Ying Sun, Zhi-Jun Zhu
Summary: The role of ILC2s in acute rejection after liver transplantation remains unclear. This study found that hepatic ILC2s were significantly increased in rejection cases compared to non-rejection cases, and there was a close correlation between hepatic ILC2s and Treg cells. The number of allograft infiltrating ILC2s may play inhibitory roles in posttransplant immune homeostasis, favoring resolution of liver allograft rejection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Allison E. Norlander, R. Stokes Peebles
Summary: T regulatory cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in reducing and resolving inflammation as part of the adaptive immune system. Prostaglandin I-2 (PGI(2)) exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects on immune cells and promotes the formation and function of Tregs. Therefore, therapeutic supplementation of PGI(2) may be a promising treatment for various autoimmune or inflammatory diseases by enhancing Treg function.
DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Anne Wisgalla, Caren Ramien, Mathias Streitz, Stephan Schlickeiser, Andreea-Roxana Lupu, Anke Diemert, Eva Tolosa, Petra C. Arck, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Nadja Siebert, Christoph Heesen, Friedemann Paul, Manuel A. Friese, Carmen Infante-Duarte, Stefan M. Gold
Summary: During pregnancy, there are significant shifts in NK cell populations, with an increase in CD56(bright) NK cells and a decrease in CD56(dim) NK cells. These changes occur in both pregnant women with multiple sclerosis and healthy pregnant women, potentially contributing to disease amelioration in multiple sclerosis during pregnancy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)