Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michal Botek, Deepesh Khanna, Jakub Krejci, Michal Valenta, Andrew McKune, Barbora Sladeckova, Iva Klimesova
Summary: Pre-exercise hydrogen-rich water supplementation improves repeated sprint performance, especially in the later stages, by reducing fatigue. However, there is no significant difference in lactate concentrations and ratings of perceived exertion.
Article
Sport Sciences
Fabio Milioni, Rafael A. Azevedo, Alessandro M. Zagatto, Guillaume Y. Millet
Summary: The study found that cycling repeated sprints induce significant fatigue, particularly at the peripheral level, which is fully restored after 48 hours of recovery.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Elias Bucher, Gregoire P. Millet, Jon P. Wehrlin, Thomas Steiner
Summary: This study examined the test-retest reliability of ski-specific aerobic, sprint, and neuromuscular performance tests. The results showed high reliability for aerobic and sprint performance tests, while neuromuscular performance for the upper body was less reliable. These test protocols can be used to assess performance changes in cross-country skiers.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Robert J. Merrells, Sani B. Madon, Paola T. Chivers, Paul A. Fournier
Summary: This study found that active recovery (AR) following repeated sprints (RS) led to lower levels of nausea and changes in lactate ([La-]), hydrogen ion concentrations ([H+]), and pCO(2) compared to passive recovery (PR). These findings suggest a causal relationship between nausea and these variables in response to RS, but other mechanisms may also play a role in mediating nausea as [La-], [H+], and pCO(2) only accounted for 13%-22% of the variation in VAS scores.
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yichao Yu, Ruolin Wang, Dongye Li, Yifan Lu
Summary: The current observational study monitored the physiological performance of elite Chinese cross-country skiers living and training at a moderate altitude for 4 weeks. Tests were conducted to investigate changes in lactate threshold, maximal oxygen uptake, blood, and body composition. The results showed significant increases in lactate threshold velocity, lactate threshold heart rate, and upper body muscle mass after moderate altitude training, while maximum oxygen uptake decreased. Other aerobic capacity parameters did not significantly improve after returning to sea level. The findings highlight the importance of carefully planning exposure time, training load, and nutritional strategies for optimal training at moderate altitudes for skiers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Bruna A. Zandona, Renan A. Ramos, Cleyton dos Santos de Oliveira, Steven R. McAnulty, Luis H. B. Ferreira, Andre C. Smolarek, Alysson A. N. Enes, Keith Mary de Souza Sato Urbinati, Alan A. Aragon, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Tacito P. de Souza Junior
Summary: The study found that a maintenance dose of 1.2g/d of beta-alanine was effective in maintaining sprint performance, while a decrease in performance was observed after supplementation interruption.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ghaith Aloui, Hermassi Souhail, Lawrence D. Hayes, El Ghali Bouhafs, Mohamed Souhaiel Chelly, Rene Schwesig
Summary: Adding 8 weeks of biweekly plyometric and short sprints training into standard training in elite youth soccer players significantly improves athletic performance, indicating its recommendation as part of the annual training program for male elite under-19 soccer players.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Z. Drzazga, M. Binek, I Pokora
Summary: The study found that a series of ten Finnish dry sauna baths have a mild impact on the superficial temperature distributions, resting heart rate, and plasma volume of elite cross-country skiers following exercise tests. However, the impact on physiological and temperature responses during exercise is minimal.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Alexandre P. Gutknecht, Martin Gonzalez-Figueres, Thomas Brioche, Olivier Maurelli, Stephane Perrey, Francois B. Favier
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal altitude for hypoxic training and investigate the relationship between pulse oxygen saturation and training-induced performance improvement. The results showed that hypoxic training at an altitude of 1,500 meters significantly improved anaerobic performance, while the correlation between pulse oxygen saturation and performance improvement during training was weak.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Bastien Krumm, Frederic Luisier, Arnaud Rapillard, Raphael Faiss
Summary: This study investigated whether an active recovery protocol on an ergocycle could improve subsequent performance compared with a self-selected recovery strategy in ski-mountaineering sprint competitions. The results showed that using an ergocycle for recovery did not provide additional benefits compared with a self-selected strategy, but active conditions led to a faster reduction in lactate concentration compared with passive recovery, suggesting it may be a more suitable strategy between multiple-heat sprints.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wu-Yeh Chang, Kuo-Cheng Wu, Ai-Lun Yang, Yi-Liang Chen
Summary: This article explores different hypoxia training protocols and their effects on sports performance. It discusses the physiological mechanisms of hypoxia training and its impact on cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle oxygen utilization, power performance, hematological adaptations, and specific physiological adaptations. The study finds that hypoxia high-intensity interval training (HHIIT) can increase maximum oxygen intake and improve overall sports performance. Incremental hypoxia training improves aerobic capacity but has fewer effects on hematological variables. Combined training in a hypoxia environment increases oxygen uptake and breathing volume and enhances hemodynamic function. Hypoxia during the recovery state also benefits sports performance. Further research is needed to optimize training protocols and understand their effects on different sports and athlete proficiency.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gabriela Montejo-Kovacevich, Joana Meier, Caroline N. Bacquet, Ian A. Warren, Yingguang Frank Chan, Marek Kucka, Camilo Salazar, Nicol Rueda-M, Stephen H. Montgomery, W. Owen McMillan, Krzysztof M. Kozak, Nicola J. Nadeau, Simon H. Martin, Chris D. Jiggins
Summary: Repeated evolution can help us understand the mechanisms of adaptation to novel or changing environments. This study focuses on the adaptation to altitude in two tropical butterflies and finds differentiated regions between highland and lowland populations. The study also reveals the roles of genetic variation and gene flow from other species in promoting adaptation to the environment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Kalle Kalliorinne, Gustav Hinder, Joakim Sandberg, Roland Larsson, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Andreas Almqvist
Summary: This study evaluates the multi-scale interaction between the macro-scale ski-camber profile and the micro-scale ski-base texture and finds that the texture of the ski base has a greater impact on friction than the ski-camber profile.
Article
Physiology
Nicki Winfield Almquist, Oyvind Sandbakk, Bent R. Ronnestad, Dionne Noordhof
Summary: The study investigated the changes in aerobic and anaerobic power during prolonged cycling with sprints in competitive elite cyclists. The results showed that reductions in power output during repeated 30-second sprints are mainly due to decreases in anaerobic power, with a minor impact on aerobic power.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Business, Finance
Shiwei Hu, Yuyao Zhang
Summary: Analyzing financial data from firms worldwide, it has been found that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a deterioration in corporate performance. However, this impact is less severe in countries with better healthcare systems, more advanced financial systems, and better institutions. Additionally, the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are intensified by uncertainty avoidance.
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF ECONOMICS & FINANCE
(2021)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Johannes Burtscher, Gregoire P. Millet, Martin Burtscher
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Franck Brocherie, Quentin De Larochelambert, Gregoire P. Millet
Summary: This study found that teams with basecamps near match venues had better match outcomes. However, travel distance did not significantly affect match outcomes. FIFA ranking had a positive impact on match outcomes and progression in competition. No significant associations were found between bio-meteorological conditions and match outcomes.
SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN FOOTBALL
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Basile Moreillon, Olivier Salamin, Bastien Krumm, Loredana Iannella, Francesco Molaioni, Tiia Kuuranne, Raul Nicoli, Jonas J. Saugy, Francesco Botre, Raphael Faiss
Summary: This study investigated the effects of oral contraceptive pills (OCP) on urinary steroid concentrations. The results revealed low levels of testosterone and epitestosterone in urine, potentially due to the interference of OCP. Compared to urine, serum had less variability in steroid concentrations. The findings highlight the importance of using both urine and serum samples for steroid testing in the athlete biological passport (ABP).
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert T. Mallet, Johannes Burtscher, Vincent Pialoux, Qadar Pasha, Yasmin Ahmad, Gregoire P. Millet, Martin Burtscher
Summary: High-altitude illnesses result from acute exposure to high altitude/hypoxia. Understanding molecular mechanisms is essential for optimizing hypoxic acclimatization for efficient prophylaxis and treatment of these illnesses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Antoine Raberin, Sarah J. Willis, Thomas Richard, Joakim Elmer, Gianluca Vernillo, F. Marcello Iaia, Olivier Girard, Davide Malatesta, Gregoire P. Millet
Summary: This study compared the psychophysiological responses of repeated cycling sprints to exhaustion with a short exercise-to-rest ratio (1:6) between different effort durations and inspired oxygen fractions. The results showed that the number of sprints and peak power output decreased, while blood lactate increased during the 5:30 exercise compared to longer durations. However, oxygen fractions and exercise-related sensation did not affect blood lactate levels. Muscle deoxyhemoglobin increased and total hemoglobin decreased with increasing sprint duration. The study concluded that oxygen levels did not modify the psychophysiological responses during repeated-sprint exercise with a short exercise-to-rest ratio, and sprint duration was the primary factor affecting performance and muscle oxygenation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Anna Katharina Dunst, Clemens Hesse, Olaf Ueberschaer, Hans-Christer Holmberg
Summary: During maximal cycling sprints, efficiency is determined by muscle fiber composition and cadence-dependent power output. This study introduces the concept of optimal efficiency, which eliminates the impact of cadence, and compares it to actual data. The time course of maximal power output is proposed as an indicator of changes in optimal efficiency.
Article
Sport Sciences
Frederic Meyer, Mathieu Falbriard, Kamiar Aminian, Gregoire P. Millet
Summary: The aim of this study was to compare three methods (i.e., Temporal, Kinetic and Kinematic-Kinetic) for stiffness determination. The results showed that the Kinematic-Kinetic method provided higher vertical stiffness and lower leg stiffness compared to the other two methods. On inclined terrain, the method using temporal parameters provided inaccurate results. This study highlighted the sources of errors when comparing different speeds or different slopes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Frederic Sabater-Pastor, Katja Tomazin, Gregoire P. Millet, Julien Verney, Leonard Feasson, Guillaume Y. Millet
Summary: This study aimed to determine the physiological predictors of performance in a 166-km trail-running race. The results showed that VO(2)max and velocity at VO(2)max are significant predictors of performance in this race, suggesting that ultratrail runners should focus on developing these qualities to optimize their performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Bastien Krumm, Frederic Luisier, Arnaud Rapillard, Raphael Faiss
Summary: This study investigated whether an active recovery protocol on an ergocycle could improve subsequent performance compared with a self-selected recovery strategy in ski-mountaineering sprint competitions. The results showed that using an ergocycle for recovery did not provide additional benefits compared with a self-selected strategy, but active conditions led to a faster reduction in lactate concentration compared with passive recovery, suggesting it may be a more suitable strategy between multiple-heat sprints.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Oyvind Sandbakk
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Janne Bouten, Maxime Brick, Antoine Saboua, Jean-Loup Hadjadj, Julien Piscione, Chloe Margot, Gregory Doucende, Nicolas Bourrel, Gregoire P. Millet, Franck Brocherie
Summary: This study investigates the effect of two different types of repeated-sprint training on world-class female rugby sevens players. The results show that training in high oxygen conditions with a higher exercise-to-rest ratio is more effective in improving performance. Overall, repeated-sprint training during a classic altitude camp can lead to improved performance in female rugby sevens players.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Inigo Mujika, Gregoire P. Millet, Irina Zelenkova, Nicolas Bourdillon
Summary: The study aimed to compare total hemoglobin mass (tHb(mass)) and blood volume (BV) among swimmers of different competitive levels and distances. The results showed that there were no differences in tHb(mass) and BV values between swimmers of different levels and distances. These values also did not correlate with FINA points. This suggests that hematological characteristics may have a lesser impact on swimming performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin J. Narang, Giorgio Manferdelli, Nicolas Bourdillon, Gregoire P. Millet, Tadej Debevec
Summary: Pre-term birth is associated with physiological effects on ventilatory responsiveness, but overall ventilation is similar to term-born individuals under various environmental conditions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Elias Bucher, Gregoire P. Millet, Jon P. Wehrlin, Thomas Steiner
Summary: This study examined the test-retest reliability of ski-specific aerobic, sprint, and neuromuscular performance tests. The results showed high reliability for aerobic and sprint performance tests, while neuromuscular performance for the upper body was less reliable. These test protocols can be used to assess performance changes in cross-country skiers.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Frederic Sabater-Pastor, Katja Tomazin, Gregoire P. Millet, Julien Verney, Leonard Feasson, Guillaume Y. Millet
Summary: This study found that VO(2)max and velocity at VO(2)max are significant predictors of performance in a 166-km trail-running race. Therefore, ultratrail runners should focus on developing these two qualities to optimize their race performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)