Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Havisha Pedamallu, Rachel Zmora, Amanda M. Perak, Norrina B. Allen
Summary: Since 2010, there has been extensive research on cardiovascular health (CVH) across the life course. This review highlights the importance of prenatal and childhood exposures in shaping CVH trajectories and the strong predictive value of CVH for various health outcomes. Interventions to improve CVH are uncommon, especially in children, and future research needs to focus on effective and sustainable strategies, with technology and community engagement playing key roles.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mia Klinkvort Kempel, Trine Nohr Winding, Morten Bottcher, Johan Hviid Andersen
Summary: Childhood socioeconomic position is associated with cardiometabolic risk in adulthood, with mother's educational level being an important indicator. The accumulation of exposure, lifestyle, and adult educational attainment are important factors in this association.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paolo A. Cortesi, Carla Fornari, Fabiana Madotto, Sara Conti, Mohsen Naghavi, Boris Bikbov, Paul S. Briant, Valeria Caso, Giacomo Crotti, Catherine Johnson, Minh Nguyen, Luigi Palmieri, Norberto Perico, Francesco Profili, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Gregory A. Roth, Eugenio Traini, Fabio Voller, Simon Yadgir, Giampiero Mazzaglia, Lorenzo Monasta, Simona Giampaoli, Lorenzo G. Mantovani
Summary: Our study shows a decline in cardiovascular mortality and disability-adjusted life years, reflecting the success in reducing disability, premature death, and early incidence of cardiovascular diseases. However, the burden of cardiovascular diseases remains high, with modifiable risk factors such as high blood pressure, dietary risks, high cholesterol, and impaired kidney function contributing to more than 80% of the burden. Collaboration and coordination among all stakeholders of the Italian National Health System are required to further reduce this burden.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christoph Hochsmann, James L. Dorling, Corby K. Martin, Robert L. Newton, John W. Apolzan, Candice A. Myers, Kara D. Denstel, Emily F. Mire, William D. Johnson, Dachuan Zhang, Connie L. Arnold, Terry C. Davis, Vivian Fonseca, Carl J. Lavie, Eboni G. Price-Haywood, Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Summary: A pragmatic ILI delivered in primary care setting produced clinically relevant improvements in cardiometabolic health in underserved population over 24 months, including significant weight loss and improvements in blood glucose, cholesterol levels.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Qian Xiao, Gerardo Heiss, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Ganga Bey, Shelly-Ann M. Love, Eric A. Whitsel
Summary: Residents with low socioeconomic status are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, particularly when they experience lower socioeconomic status in their younger, middle, and older adulthood. The impact of neighborhood socioeconomic status is particularly significant among Black women.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mireya Martinez-Garcia, Guadalupe O. Gutierrez-Esparza, Juan Carlos Roblero-Godinez, Diana Vianey Marin-Perez, Cindy Lucia Montes-Ruiz, Maite Vallejo, Enrique Hernandez-Lemus
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, influenced by environmental and social factors. This study found an association between cardiovascular risk factors and the Social Development Index in urban environments, with CVRF more pronounced in individuals with lower SDI levels, especially in women.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tim Adair, Alan D. Lopez
Summary: In Australia, inequalities in mortality rates for specific non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among individuals aged 35-74 widened from 2006-2016, particularly in terms of area socioeconomic quintiles and urban-rural disparities. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality inequalities were especially pronounced, and there was a significant increase in smoking-related mortality inequalities. NCD mortality rates were higher outside major cities, with these differences widening over the past decade.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qiuyue Tian, Shuohua Chen, Xiaoni Meng, Haotian Wang, Cancan Li, Deqiang Zheng, Lijuan Wu, Aitian Wang, Shouling Wu, Youxin Wang
Summary: This study found that maintaining a higher cardiovascular health (CVH) score can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. The study also found that the duration of maintaining a favorable CVH status is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and mortality. The results indicate that maintaining a better CVH status for more than 6 years can lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. A. L. Rodrigues, D. Stenvold, M. L. Almeida, A. C. S. Sobrinho, G. S. Rodrigues, C. R. Bueno Junior
Summary: The study found that Brazilian elderly people with lower educational levels had more cardiometabolic risk factors compared to Norwegian elderly people, including higher BMI, waist circumference, and triglycerides. Conversely, Norwegians at the same education levels exhibited higher systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and handgrip strength.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hyungmin Cha, Mateo P. Farina, Mark D. Hayward
Summary: This study found that individuals with higher socioeconomic status can expect to live more years without dementia and have a shorter period of dementia, compared to those with lower socioeconomic status. The results also emphasize the importance of cumulative exposure in influencing dementia life expectancy.
SSM-POPULATION HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhang Nawsherwan, Sumaira Mubarik, Wang Bin, Zhang Le, Mangmang Sang, Yijun Lin, Jinrong Zheng, Yan Wang
Summary: BRICS-Plus countries, consisting of 35 countries with emerging economies including Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and 30 others, represent more than half of the global population. A study analyzed cardiovascular disease mortality trends in these countries from 1990 to 2019, finding an overall increase in CVD deaths, a decrease in mortality attributable to dietary risks and smoking, but a notable rise in CVD deaths related to high body mass-index (BMI) among younger adults. The study highlights the successful sociodemographic transition in China-ASEAN FTA and Mercosur regions, and recommends other BRICS-Plus countries to adopt effective public health policies like Singapore and Brazil.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yi-Xin Wang, Mariel Arvizu, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, Liang Wang, Bernard Rosner, Jennifer J. Stuart, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Jorge E. Chavarro
Summary: The study found that experiencing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) such as gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia is associated with an increased risk of premature mortality, particularly cardiovascular mortality, regardless of developing chronic hypertension later on.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Karri Silventoinen, Hannu Lahtinen, George Davey Smith, Tim T. Morris, Pekka Martikainen
Summary: This study used a polygenic score for height to reveal the associations between height, socioeconomic position, and coronary heart disease incidence. The results showed clear gradients for residual height in relation to education, social class, and income, with a stronger association for residual height. These findings support the role of material and social living conditions in childhood as contributing factors to the association of height with both socioeconomic position and CHD risk.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chenkai Wu, Kehan Zhang, Michelle C. Odden, Anna M. Kucharska-Newton, Priya Palta, Kunihiro Matsushita, Rebecca F. Gottesman, B. Gwen Windham
Summary: The study found that a high burden of subclinical vascular disease in middle-aged adults is associated with an increased risk of premature mortality, providing better predictive ability for premature death. When designing interventions to reduce premature mortality, the importance of considering subclinical vascular disease factors should be taken into account.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhuojun Wu, Vera Jankowski, Joachim Jankowski
Summary: Despite the use of medication for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, it remains the leading cause of death globally. Non-enzymatic post-translational modifications of proteins and lipoproteins play a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Factors such as renal insufficiency and metabolic imbalance contribute to the increased frequency of these modifications. Understanding these modifications can provide new insights for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Megan F. Bell, Gavin Turrell, Bridget Beesley, Bryan Boruff, Gina Trapp, Stephen R. Zubrick, Hayley E. Christian
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Paula Hooper, Sarah Foster, Nicole Edwards, Gavin Turrell, Nicola Burton, Billie Giles-Corti, Wendy J. Brown
Article
Oncology
Kou Kou, Jessica Cameron, Joanne F. Aitken, Philippa Youl, Gavin Turrell, Suzanne Chambers, Jeff Dunn, Chris Pyke, Peter D. Baade
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gavin Turrell, Andrea Nathan, Nicola W. Burton, Wendy J. Brown, Paul McElwee, Adrian G. Barnett, Nancy A. Pachana, Brian Oldenburg, Jerome N. Rachele, Katrina Giskes, Billie Giles-Corti
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alex Antonio Florindo, Gavin Turrell, Leandro Martin Totaro Garcia, Joao Paulo dos Anjos Souza Barbosa, Michele Santos Cruz, Marcelo Antunes Failla, Breno Souza de Aguiar, Ligia Vizeu Barrozo, Moises Goldbaum
Summary: This study aims to examine the relationship between sitting time and access to a mix of destinations for adults in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The results show that a greater mix of destinations within 500m of residences was associated with shorter sitting times on both weekdays and weekend days. This suggests that built environments more favorable for walking in cities like Sao Paulo may help reduce sedentary behavior and prevent chronic diseases.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Suzanne J. Carroll, Gavin Turrell, Michael J. Dale, Mark Daniel
Summary: There is a variation in the relationship between supermarket availability and body size across Australian capital cities, suggesting that universal solutions to change built environments to support healthy body size may not be effective.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tayebeh Saghapour, Billie Giles-Corti, Jerome Rachele, Gavin Turrell
Summary: The study investigated the association between neighbourhood disadvantage and cardiovascular disease among mid-to-older aged adults, and whether physical activity mediated this association. Results showed that the incidence of CVD was significantly higher in the most disadvantaged neighbourhoods compared to the least disadvantaged, and physical activity played a significant mediating role in this relationship. Future research should focus on specific social and built environment features that promote or inhibit physical activity in disadvantaged areas to address inequities in CVD.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takemi Sugiyama, Masaaki Sugiyama, Suzanne Mavoa, Anthony Barnett, Md. Kamruzzaman, Gavin Turrell
Summary: The study found that mid-to-older aged adults living in areas with lower land use diversity and more social incivilities may be at risk of developing mobility limitations. Recommended policies include improving these environmental attributes and advising older adults to relocate to safer, mixed-use neighborhoods to slow mobility decline and promote aging in place.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tayebeh Saghapour, Billie Giles-Corti, Afshin Jafari, Muhammad Arif Qaisrani, Gavin Turrell
Summary: This study aimed to develop a COVID-19 Pandemic Vulnerability Index (CPVI) to assess the risk of the epidemic, identifying four latent factors including sociodemographic, medical conditions, transportation, and land use to calculate CPVI. The results showed a significant correlation between the CPVI and confirmed cases of COVID-19, indicating that areas with higher CPVI scores had more cases of the disease.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stephanie Sersli, Gavin Turrell, Nicola W. Burton, Wendy J. Brown, Kristiann C. Heesch
Summary: The study found that the association between having dependent children and bicycling for transportation and recreation differed significantly between men and women. Men with more than 2 children under 18 had higher odds of bicycling, while women with more children had lower odds of recreational bicycling. However, both men and women with children aged 6-12 had higher odds of recreational bicycling.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Emily M. Mann, Kristiann C. Heesch, Jerome N. Rachele, Nicola W. Burton, Gavin Turrell
Summary: This study explores the relationship between individual socioeconomic position (SEP), neighborhood disadvantage, and mental well-being in middle-aged adults. Findings indicate that lower education, inability to work, unemployment, and low-income households are associated with lower levels of mental well-being. Additionally, residents of the most disadvantaged neighborhoods have lower levels of mental well-being compared to those living in the least disadvantaged neighborhoods.
Article
Gerontology
Naomi Paine, Melanie Lowe, Jerome Rachele, Gavin Turrell
Summary: Research findings challenge ageist assumptions by revealing that older people aged 80 and above, living alone in a socio-economically disadvantaged neighborhood in Melbourne, Australia, exhibit a positive outlook on life, supportive relationships, a sense of autonomy, and contribute to society, despite facing hardships.
JOURNAL OF AGING STUDIES
(2022)
Article
Economics
Md. Kamruzzaman, Billie Giles-Corti, Jonas De Vos, Frank Witlox, Farjana Shatu, Gavin Turrell
Summary: A study tracked 98 residents living in transit-oriented developments over nine years and found that about half of dissonants became consonants in just four years, while those with low educational status and born overseas were more likely to become dissonants. Transit-oriented developments have an autonomous effect on changing attitudes over time, and targeted policy interventions could speed up this process.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Sarah Foster, Paula Hooper, Nicola W. Burton, Wendy J. Brown, Billie Giles-Corti, Jerome N. Rachele, Gavin Turrell
Summary: The study found associations between crime and walking, but these associations were not influenced by neighborhood disadvantage. High perceived crime was associated with reduced transport walking, while high objective crime was associated with increased transport walking.
ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Transportation
Md Kamruzzaman, Jonas De Vos, Graham Currie, Billie Giles-Corti, Gavin Turrell
TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR AND SOCIETY
(2020)