Review
Oncology
Perla El Zeinaty, Celeste Lebbe, Julie Delyon
Summary: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a common neoplasm caused by human gammaherpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in Eastern and Central Africa. The endemic KS subtype can be aggressive, with ulcerative skin lesions and soft tissue invasion. Treatment options include systemic chemotherapies, immunomodulators, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and antiangiogenic drugs.
Article
Immunology
Jungang Chen, Jiao Song, Jennifer James, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Steven R. Post, Zhiqiang Qin, Lu Dai
Summary: The activation of IL1 signaling molecules, including IL1R1 and IL1RAP, plays an important role in KSHV pathogenesis and tumorigenesis. Targeting these molecules can effectively impair the survival and growth of KSHV-positive tumor cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Sophie Grabar, Dominique Costagliola
Summary: An air mattress is a non-breathable sleeping aid commonly used for camping or guests' accommodation.
Article
Virology
Antonia Herrera-Ortiz, Wen Meng, Shou-Jiang Gao
Summary: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in efficient KSHV lytic replication, and inhibition of NO production results in reduced levels of infectious virions and viral lytic transcripts and proteins. Exogenous addition of a NO donor enhances the full KSHV lytic replication program.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Guy Journo, Anuj Ahuja, David Dias-Polak, Yonatan Eran, Reuven Bergman, Meir Shamay
Summary: KSHV, also known as HHV-8, is a well-known cancer-causing virus associated with various human cancers, including KS. Studies have shown that KSHV infection can lead to changes in DNA methylation in cells, affecting gene expression.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jungang Chen, Jiao Song, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Shengyu Mu, Steven R. Post, Lu Dai, Zhiqiang Qin
Summary: Although KSHV has been found to cause various human cancers, including KS and PEL, the mechanisms of KSHV-induced tumorigenesis and virus-host interaction network are still not fully understood. Histamine, and its receptors, have been shown to play a role in allergic diseases. Previous data showed that histamine receptor antagonists can effectively inhibit KSHV replication. In this study, histamine treatment was found to promote cell proliferation and growth abilities of KSHV-infected cells, and affect the expression of inflammatory factors.
Review
Oncology
Aude Jary, Marianne Veyri, Adelie Gothland, Valentin Leducq, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin
Summary: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), is an oncogenic virus with a complex structure and genome, contributing to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma through a combination of lytic and latent phases. The virus encodes various oncogenic proteins that modulate cellular pathways to promote characteristics of cancer, such as inhibition of apoptosis, proliferation stimulation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune escape. Variations in seroprevalence and transmission routes worldwide play a role in the differing epidemiological forms of Kaposi's sarcoma.
Article
Microbiology
Daoqun Li, Zulqarnain Baloch, Yang Zhao, Lei Bai, Xing Wang, Gang Wang, A-Mei Zhang, Ke Lan, Xueshan Xia
Summary: The study successfully established an in vitro and in vivo KSHV latent infection model in tree shrews, with kidney epithelial cells being the most susceptible to KSHV infection. This model is useful for studying the pathogenesis of KSHV in vivo, transmission routes of viral infection, and novel therapeutics against KSHV.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Seref Bugra Tuncer, Betul Celik, Demet Akdeniz Odemis, Seda Kilic Erciyas, Ozge Sukruoglu Erdogan, Mukaddes Avsar, Gozde Kuru Turkcan, Hulya Yazici
Summary: miRNAs are non-coding RNAs that regulate cellular processes. This study identified differently expressed miRNAs in Turkish Kaposi's sarcoma patients and discovered previously undescribed miRNAs. These miRNAs could serve as new therapeutic targets and be important for the diagnosis and prognosis of Kaposi's sarcoma.
PATHOLOGY & ONCOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mariel Kleer, Grant MacNeil, Nancy Adam, Eric S. Pringle, Jennifer A. Corcoran
Summary: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) expresses high levels of the kaposin transcript during both latent and lytic phases of replication. Previous reagents did not allow for methodical analysis of individual kaposin proteins in KSHV replication. This study created a panel of mutant viruses and cell lines that delete kaposin proteins individually or in combination, enabling precise analysis of their roles in KSHV replication. The findings provide molecular tools for further research on the contributions of kaposin proteins in KSHV infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Genevieve T. Clutton, Ann Marie K. Weideman, Nilu P. Goonetilleke, Toby Maurer
Summary: An expanded population of CD8(dim) T cells displaying features of senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with KS disease under ART.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rajnish Kumar Singh, Dipayan Bose, Erle S. Robertson
Summary: Epigenetic reprogramming of the KSHV genome occurs during hypoxia, leading to enrichment of both transcriptional activator and repressor modifications of histones. KSHV-encoded antigens contribute to the increase in modified histone proteins. Specific regions of the KSHV genome are critical for DNA replication under hypoxic conditions.
Article
Virology
Isaura Vanessa Gutierrez, Poulomee Sarkar, Cyprian C. Rossetto
Summary: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an oncogenic virus that causes serious diseases in humans. During lytic replication, the virus produces new virions through a cascade of gene expression. ORF59, a viral factor expressed during this process, plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and interacts with histones and cellular methyltransferases. Studies on ORF59 deletions show specific amino acid regions are required for histone interaction and nuclear localization but not for DNA synthesis, demonstrating its essential role during lytic replication.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Blossom Damania, Dirk P. Dittmer
Summary: This review provides an overview of the diverse manifestations of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) under various circumstances. It discusses the historical background of KS and KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), highlights the clinical diversity of KS presentations, summarizes our understanding of the tumor's cell of origin, explores KSHV viral load as a potential biomarker for acute infections and KS-related complications, and discusses immune modulators that affect KSHV infection, persistence, and KS disease.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Kevin Brackett, Ameera Mungale, Mary Lopez-Isidro, Duncan A. Proctor, Guillermo Najarro, Carolina Arias
Summary: CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) can efficiently silence latent and lytic viral genes of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in epithelial and B-cells, providing a functional genomics tool for studying virus-host interactions.
Article
Oncology
Yuxin Liu, Swati Bhardwaj, Keith Sigel, John Winters, Joseph Terlizzi, Michael M. Gaisa
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and severity of anal HPV disease among MSM LWH under the age of 35, finding a high prevalence of HPV infection and precancer but no cases of invasive anal cancer. This supports the adoption of age-based anal cancer screening for this population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Correction
Oncology
J. Gu, S. Xie, S. Wang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)