Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Yuexin Fang, Baqun Zhang, Min Zhang
Summary: In this study, methods were developed to estimate the optimal treatment decision rule based on survival time data, where treatment contrast is used to determine the optimal treatment rule. Two loss functions were proposed to address censoring, and a penalty term was incorporated to select important variables for treatment decision-making while utilizing all covariates predictive of outcomes. Comprehensive simulation studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods compared to existing methods, illustrated with an application to the ACTG 175 clinical trial on HIV-infected patients.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Denis Talbot, Erica E. M. Moodie, Caroline Diorio
Summary: This study explores the use of partial adaptive strategies for tailoring treatments, proposing estimators based on G-estimation and dynamic weighted ordinary least squares, and demonstrating their double robustness. Through simulation studies and real data, a partial adaptive treatment strategy is provided for breast cancer patients.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Ming-Yueh Huang, Shu Yang
Summary: This study proposes a method for robust inference of the conditional average treatment effect (CATE) of personalized treatment using observational data. The method reduces dimensionality twice to address the curse of dimensionality while maintaining nonparametric advantages and achieving different goals. Simulation and application results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing competitors.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Di Shu, Peisong Han, Rui Wang, Sengwee Toh
Summary: The inverse probability weighted Cox model is used to estimate the marginal hazard ratio, requiring correct specification of the propensity score model. To address misspecification, a weighted estimation method rooted in empirical likelihood theory is proposed. The method demonstrates satisfactory performance in terms of consistency and efficiency in simulation studies and application to comparing postoperative hospitalization risks between two surgical procedures. Extending the method to multisite studies allows for site-specific propensity score models.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Susan Gruber, Rachael Phillips, Hana Lee, Mark J. van der Laan
Summary: Inverse probability weighting (IPW) and targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) are methodologies for adjusting confounding and selection bias, with the former requiring finite inverse probability weights and the latter needing bounded propensity scores. A truncation strategy proposed by the authors optimizes the mean squared error of the parameter estimate based on sample size, demonstrating the ability to minimize bias and mean squared error compared to other common strategies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Ying Wu, Richard J. Cook
Summary: This paper develops methods for assessing the predictive accuracy of a given event time model when the validation sample is comprised of interval-censored data, and empirically investigates their performance in the context of a rheumatology study.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Julia M. Porth, Emily Treleaven, Nancy L. Fleischer, Martin K. Mutua, Matthew L. Boulton
Summary: This study in Kenya found that maternal migration status and mobility within the country did not significantly affect childhood vaccination behavior, suggesting that characteristics enabling migration may play a bigger role in vaccination behavior than the migration process itself.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Atanu Bhattacharjee, Gajendra K. Vishwakarma, Bhrigu K. Rajbongshi, Abhipsa Tripathy
Summary: This article introduces the features and applications of the MIIPW R package, which can be used to address missing values in longitudinal cohort data. It also provides a practical guide for solving missing data issues.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biology
Yunan Wu, Lan Wang
Summary: The proposed procedure in this study offers a new approach for inference on optimal treatment regimes in the model-free setting, using a smoothed robust estimator targeting the parameter corresponding to the Bayes decision rule. Through a resampling procedure, accurate inference is provided for both the parameter indexing the optimal treatment regime and the optimal value function.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Andrea Scarinci, Umair bin Waheed, Chen Gu, Xiang Ren, Ben Mansour Dia, Sanlinn Kaka, Michael Fehler, Youssef Marzouk
Summary: We propose a Bayesian moment tensor inversion framework for situations where reliable, tomography-based, velocity model reconstructions are not available. Using a layered medium model, we invert synthetic data generated using a 3-D model and show that the formulation is robust to misspecification of the velocity model, using a likelihood function based on the transport-Lagrangian distance introduced by Thorpe et al.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Fei Xue, Yanqing Zhang, Wenzhuo Zhou, Haoda Fu, Annie Qu
Summary: An optimal dynamic treatment regime that maximizes the conditional survival function for patients with censored data is proposed using an angle-based approach under a multicategory treatment framework. The method integrates estimations of decision rules at multiple stages into a single classification algorithm, outperforming existing methods in terms of maximizing the conditional survival probability. The proposed estimator is Fisher consistent with a risk bound established under regularity conditions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Han Wang, Youwei Jia, Chun Sing Lai, Kang Li
Summary: This paper proposes an optimal operational regime for a virtual power plant (VPP) considering reserve uncertainty, including a novel day-ahead offering strategy and a real-time dispatching model. The proposed regime utilizes a hybrid stochastic minimax regret (MMR) model for making offering decisions in the energy market and a self-adaptive algorithm to alleviate the conservativeness of the dispatching model.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Miaomiao Su, Ruoyu Wang, Qihua Wang
Summary: This paper introduces a subsampling method for missing data estimation, focusing on the problem of estimating response mean. By using different-sized subsamples in two stages, the computational burden is reduced without compromising statistical accuracy. The asymptotic properties of the resulting estimator are established, and the optimal subsampling probability is derived.
COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Alexander Seipp, Verena Uslar, Dirk Weyhe, Antje Timmer, Fabian Otto-Sobotka
Summary: Expectile regression offers a way to analyze the full conditional distribution of a response variable without making distributional assumptions, with computational simplicity and efficiency. The proposed extension with inverse probability weights can be used in right-censored data situations. The method provides easily interpreted tail expectations and can be applied to survival time analysis in medical research.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mohammad Ehsanul Karim, Helen Tremlett, Feng Zhu, John Petkau, Elaine Kingwell
Summary: Through studying the potential survival advantage associated with beta-interferon exposure for multiple sclerosis patients, it was found that exposure for at least 6 contiguous months was related to improved survival. Factors such as sex, age, and disease duration may modify the effects. Challenges in longitudinal analyses include sparse patient follow-up due to variability in contact with the health system.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Miranda R. Blake, Gary Sacks, Christina Zorbas, Josephine Marshall, Liliana Orellana, Amy K. Brown, Marj Moodie, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Jaithri Ananthapavan, Fabrice Etile, Adrian J. Cameron
Summary: The study found that interventions promoting healthy eating in supermarkets can be perceived as beneficial by retailers, customers, and government partners. However, addressing barriers such as staff time and intervention salience is crucial, and collaborative partnerships are key to encouraging long-term sustainability of interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ngan T. D. Hoang, Liliana Orellana, Rosalind S. Gibson, Tuyen D. Le, Anthony Worsley, Andrew J. Sinclair, Nghien T. T. Hoang, Ewa A. Szymlek-Gay
Summary: The study found that multiple micronutrient supplementation for 22 weeks improved zinc and vitamin A levels in Vietnamese school children, enhanced some biomarkers of iron status, and reduced the prevalence of zinc deficiency. No intervention effects were observed for other hematological indices or anemia prevalence.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven Allender, Liliana Orellana, Nic Crooks, Kristy A. Bolton, Penny Fraser, Andrew Dwight Brown, Ha Le, Janette Lowe, Kayla de la Haye, Lynne Millar, Marjorie Moodie, Boyd Swinburn, Colin Bell, Claudia Strugnell
Summary: The study found that the Whole of Systems Trial of Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity had a positive impact on reducing takeaway food intake and improving health-related quality of life, but the effects on BMI z scores and overweight/obesity prevalence were not significant.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Evelyn S. Y. Looi, Kathryn Backholer, Adrian J. Cameron, Lily Grigsby-Duffy, Liliana Orellana, Gary Sacks
Summary: The study revealed that major quick service restaurant chains in Australia frequently offer price promotions that encourage consumers to consume high-energy foods. The price reductions and energy content of combination deals varied significantly between chains, and most products were classified as unhealthy.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Monica Schoch, Paul N. Bennett, Judy Currey, Vicki Smith, Liliana Orellana, Alison M. Hutchinson
Summary: This study tested the feasibility and effectiveness of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) guidance for cannulation of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in hemodialysis patients. The results showed that although POCUS-guided cannulation took longer, nurses became more proficient and confident with persistent use of this technique.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR ACCESS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Alston, Megan Green, Melanie Nichols, Stephanie R. Partridge, Alison Buccheri, Kristy A. Bolton, Vincent L. Versace, Michael Field, Ambrose J. Launder, Amy Lily, Steven Allender, Liliana Orellana
Summary: This study aimed to explore the diagnostic accuracy of using the PG-SGA malnutrition risk screening tool on electronic medical records (EMR) compared to bedside screening interviews. The results showed that applying the PG-SGA tool to EMR had moderate diagnostic accuracy, with the highest accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity for patients with a score of 7.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
A. Driscoll, H. Romaniuk, D. Dinh, J. Amerena, A. Brennan, D. L. Hare, D. Kaye, J. Lefkovits, S. Lockwood, C. Neil, D. Prior, C. M. Reid, L. Orellana
Summary: This study developed a risk prediction model (AUS-HF model) using routinely collected measures at point of care to predict 30-day all-cause re-hospitalisation or death among patients admitted with acute heart failure. The model demonstrated moderate accuracy and good calibration, making it a valuable tool for informing follow-up decisions after hospitalisation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jaithri Ananthapavan, Gary Sacks, Liliana Orellana, Josephine Marshall, Ella Robinson, Marj Moodie, Miranda Blake, Amy Brown, Rob Carter, Adrian J. Cameron
Summary: The supermarket environment has an impact on the healthiness of purchased and consumed food. Shelf tags that alert customers to healthier packaged products can improve overall purchases. This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of implementing a three-year shelf tag intervention in Australian supermarkets. The findings showed that the intervention had positive effects on food choices and had good value-for-money from societal and healthcare sector perspectives.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katerina Penelope Barons, Davina Mann, Liliana Orellana, Mia Miller, Simone Pettigrew, Gary Sacks
Summary: Alcoholic beverages in Australia are exempt from displaying nutrition information on packages, but manufacturers can provide it voluntarily. This study found that the majority of packaged alcoholic beverages in Australia do not provide nutrition-related information. Ready-to-drink beverages are the most likely to include nutrition information, while spirits and wines are the least likely. The study suggests considering mandatory standardized nutrition labeling on alcoholic beverages to maximize public health benefits.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adrian J. Cameron, Amy Brown, Liliana Orellana, Josephine Marshall, Emma Charlton, Winsfred W. Ngan, Jaithri Ananthapavan, Jasmine Isaacs, Miranda Blake, Gary Sacks
Summary: This study assessed changes in the healthiness of foods sold in an Australian supermarket chain following the implementation of a shelf tag intervention based on the Australian Health Star Rating system. The results showed that the use of shelf tags increased the sales of healthy food products and contributed to a decrease in the nutrient content of packaged foods. Customer surveys also indicated that the shelf tags influenced purchasing decisions.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrea Driscoll, Sharon Meagher, Rhoda Kennedy, David L. Hare, Douglas F. Johnson, Kristina Asker, Omar Farouque, Helena Romaniuk, Liliana Orellana
Summary: This study explored the impact of inpatient HF NP (heart failure nurse practitioners) service on the 12-month rehospitalization, emergency department presentations, and mortality in patients with heart failure. The results showed that patients who received HF NP service had a lower risk of rehospitalization and ED presentations, and improved referrals to a home visiting program.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Veronica Dussel, Liliana Orellana, Rachel Holder, Rachel Porth, Madeline Avery, Joanne Wolfe
Summary: The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating specialized pediatric palliative care into routine care for children, adolescents, and young adults. The study will compare the impact of PQ-Response intervention and usual care on patient's health related quality of life, symptom burden, parent psychological distress, and family activation.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Feby Savira, Liliana Orellana, Martin Hensher, Lan Gao, Andrew Sanigorski, Kevin Mc Namara, Vincent L. Versace, John Szakiel, Jamie Swann, Elizabeth Manias, Anna Peeters
Summary: This study analyzed the use patterns of GP telehealth services in regional Victoria, Australia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. It found a rapid uptake in telehealth services, with a decline over time. Telephone services and shorter consultations were dominant, and the use of telehealth was higher among the 15-64 age group. The findings support the continued use of telehealth in rural and regional areas post-pandemic.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carolina Venegas Hargous, Claudia Strugnell, Steven Allender, Liliana Orellana, Camila Corvalan, Colin Bell
Summary: Obesity, undernutrition, and climate change form a global syndemic that has a disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations, including children. Taking double- and triple-duty actions to address these pandemics simultaneously is crucial to prevent further health, economic, and environmental consequences. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the implementation and evaluation of such actions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cindy Needham, Claudia Strugnell, Steven Allender, Laura Alston, Liliana Orellana
Summary: This study examines the association and temporal trends between the food environment and BMI of adults. The results show that BMI increases as accessibility to healthy outlets decreases. High access to supermarkets and unhealthy outlets are associated with lower BMI. The research highlights the importance of increasing access to diverse food outlets, particularly healthy ones, for promoting good health.