Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Everton Lopes Vogt, Maiza Cristina Von Dentz, Debora Santos Rocha, Jorge Felipe Argenta Model, Lucas Stahlhofer Kowalewski, Diane Silveira, Marjoriane de Amaral, Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt Junior, Luiz Carlos Kucharski, Mauricio Krause, Anapaula Sommer Vinagre
Summary: This study investigated the immediate effects of a single moderate-intensity exercise bout performed in fast or fed states on the metabolism of gastrocnemius and soleus of lean and obese rats. The results showed that exercise and fasting had different effects on the metabolism of the muscles in obese rats, which can promote health benefits in these animals.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Huimin Zhu, Wanbo Zeng, Tangna Zhao, Weiguo Shi, Xiao Dong, Aiping Zhang, Xiang Li, Liang Xu
Summary: This study synthesized six derivatives of AICAR and evaluated their anti-fatigue effects. The optimal compound ZHM-01 exhibited significant anti-fatigue effects in animal models, while also demonstrating good biological safety.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caterina Miro, Annarita Nappi, Serena Sagliocchi, Emery Di Cicco, Melania Murolo, Sepehr Torabinejad, Lucia Acampora, Arianna Pastore, Paolo Luciano, Evelina La Civita, Daniela Terracciano, Mariano Stornaiuolo, Monica Dentice, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello
Summary: Thyroid hormones play a role in regulating muscle formation and energy utilization by modulating carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. They can change the lipid composition and fatty acid ratio in skeletal muscle, with increased proportion of unsaturated fatty acids improving insulin sensitivity and endurance exercise.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua C. Drake, Rebecca J. Wilson, Rhianna C. Laker, Yuntian Guan, Hannah R. Spaulding, Anna S. Nichenko, Wenqing Shen, Huayu Shang, Maya Dorn, Kian Huang, Mei Zhang, Aloka B. Bandara, Matthew H. Brisendine, Jennifer A. Kashatus, Poonam R. Sharma, Alexander Young, Jitendra Gautam, Ruofan Cao, Horst Wallrabe, Paul A. Chang, Michael Wong, Eric M. Desjardins, Simon A. Hawley, George J. Christ, David F. Kashatus, Clint L. Miller, Matthew J. Wolf, Ammasi Periasamy, Gregory R. Steinberg, D. Grahame Hardie, Zhen Yan
Summary: Mitochondria form a complex, interconnected reticulum maintained through coordination among biogenesis, dynamic fission, fusion and mitophagy in response to various cues. Specific isoforms of AMP-activated protein kinase are localized on the outer mitochondrial membrane and vary in activation across the reticulum in response to energetic stress. The discovery highlights the complexity of sensing cellular energetics in vivo and its implications for targeting mitochondrial energetics in disease treatment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Dora Visnjic, Hrvoje Lalic, Vilma Dembitz, Barbara Tomic, Tomislav Smoljo
Summary: AICAr is commonly used as a pharmacological modulator of AMPK activity, but some effects attributed to AMPK activation have been found to be AMPK-independent. Caution is needed when interpreting studies based on AICAr, especially in the context of understanding the AMPK signaling pathway.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Irene Tosi, Tatiana Art, Francois Boemer, Dominique-Marie Votion, Michael S. Davis
Summary: Alaskan sled dogs exhibit a unique metabolic strategy during multiday submaximal exercise, utilizing hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to provide glucose for sustained activity. Acylcarnitines play a crucial role in regulating fat and glucose metabolism, with chain-specific modifications observed in sled dogs during exercise. These findings provide insight into sled dog metabolism, highlighting a liver-centric, carbohydrate-dependent approach during prolonged submaximal exercise.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shintaro Nakamura, Yasutaka Miyachi, Akihito Shinjo, Hisashi Yokomizo, Masatomo Takahashi, Kohta Nakatani, Yoshihiro Izumi, Hiroko Otsuka, Naoichi Sato, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Takashi Miyazawa, Takeshi Bamba, Yoshihiro Ogawa
Summary: This study found that the SGLT2 inhibitor CANA can improve endurance capacity in diabetic mice and identified the potential role of the AICARP/AMPK pathway in oxidative skeletal muscles.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiaotong Su, Linglin Lai, Xu Li, Wenna Li, Zhentao Mo, Yiqi Li, Lu Xiao, Wenjun Wang, Feng Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone (DMC) on exercise tolerance in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that DMC combined with regular exercise improved endurance performance, body composition, glucose and insulin tolerance, lipid profile, and inflammation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, DMC restored normal tissue morphology, reduced fatigue-associated markers, and enhanced whole-body metabolism and protein expression in the muscle and adipose tissues of HFD-fed mice. These findings suggest that DMC has antifatigue effects by regulating glucolipid catabolism, inflammation, and energy homeostasis, and exerts a synergistic exercise-related metabolic effect via the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1a signaling pathway, making it a potential natural sports supplement for obesity prevention.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christian de Wendt, Lena Espelage, Samaneh Eickelschulte, Christian Springer, Laura Toska, Anna Scheel, Awovi Didi Bedou, Tim Benninghoff, Sandra Cames, Torben Stermann, Alexandra Chadt, Hadi Al-Hasani
Summary: The study demonstrates the important roles of AMPK and RabGAP proteins in the metabolic response to exercise/contraction in skeletal muscle, with Tbc1d1 showing a more significant impact on exercise capacity and glucose uptake.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nuria Casanova-Vallve, Drew Duglan, Megan E. Vaughan, Marie Pariollaud, Michal K. Handzlik, Weiwei Fan, Ruth T. Yu, Christopher Liddle, Michael Downes, Julien Delezie, Rebecca Mello, Alanna B. Chan, Pal O. Westermark, Christian M. Metallo, Ronald M. Evans, Katja A. Lamia
Summary: This study found that chronic nighttime physical activity can significantly alter the daily rhythms of murine muscle gene expression and support the fluctuations in daily exercise performance.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
U. Ajay Krishnan, Periyasamy Viswanathan, Anuradha Carani Venkataraman
Summary: The activation of AMPK by AICAR has been found to alleviate symptoms of NAFLD. In a mouse model, AICAR reduced lipid levels in the liver, improved oxidative stress, and upregulated FOXO3 and p-AMPK expression while downregulating p-mTOR expression. These findings reveal the crosstalk between AMPK, mTOR, and FOXO3, providing new insights into the treatment of NAFLD.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hui Li, Yaoshan Dun, Wenliang Zhang, Baiyang You, Yuan Liu, Siqian Fu, Ling Qiu, Jing Cheng, Jeffrey W. Ripley-Gonzalez, Suixin Liu
Summary: Exercise plays a significant role in reducing liver steatosis and insulin resistance in NAFLD by activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway and enhancing lipophagy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luca De Toni, Andrea Di Nisio, Maria Santa Rocca, Diego Guidolin, Alice Della Marina, Loris Bertazza, Stefania Sut, Edoardo Purpura, Micaela Pannella, Andrea Garolla, Carlo Foresta
Summary: The study revealed that exposure to PFOA reduces glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake while impairing Glut-4 translocation in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the uncoupling of Insulin Receptor activation from downstream Akt and GSK3 phosphorylation may be a key pathogenic mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Akiko Sato, Shinji Sato, Go Omori, Keiichi Koshinaka
Summary: This study investigates the effect of a decrease in cellular thiamin level on glycogen metabolism and AMPK activation in skeletal muscle during exercise. The results show that lowering thiamin level does not affect glycogen metabolism and AMPK activation during exercise.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
George A. Brooks
Summary: After years of misunderstanding, it is now recognized that lactate shuttling plays a crucial role in energy flux and metabolic regulation in vivo, especially during physical exercise. The complex series of events involved in lactate shuttling highlight its importance in energy substrate production and distribution, as well as cell signaling.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Trine Moholdt, Catalina P. Silva, Stian Lydersen, John A. Hawley
Summary: This study aims to determine the isolated and combined effect of high-intensity interval training and time-restricted eating on glycaemic control in reproductive-aged women with overweight/obesity. The research will provide important new knowledge about the effects of two novel diet-exercise strategies on cardiovascular and metabolic health among women with overweight/obesity.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Trine Moholdt, Evelyn B. Parr, Brooke L. Devlin, Julia Debik, Guro Giskeodegard, John A. Hawley
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether the timing of exercise training (morning vs evening) would affect the impact of a high-fat diet on glycaemic control, overall health markers, and serum metabolomics. Results showed that exercise training in the evening was able to partially reverse the metabolic changes induced by the high-fat diet, indicating potential benefits of evening exercise for metabolic health.
Article
Sport Sciences
Ida A. Kiel, Sofie Lionett, Evelyn B. Parr, Helen Jones, Maria A. H. Roset, Oyvind Salvesen, John A. Hawley, Eszter Vanky, Trine Moholdt
Summary: A semi-supervised high-intensity interval training (HIT) intervention did not increase menstrual frequency in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but more participants in the low-intensity HIT group became pregnant compared to the control group.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Evelyn B. Parr, Brooke L. Devlin, John A. Hawley
Summary: Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a popular dietary strategy that focuses on meal timing but often neglects food quality and quantity. This Perspective challenges researchers in the field of TRE to incorporate rigorous dietary assessment to understand the complex relationship between food type and meal timing. Integrating existing knowledge about food intake with recent understanding of meal timing is crucial in improving metabolic health outcomes.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carole Fournier, Leonidas G. Karagounis, Sandra M. Sacco, Marie-Noelle Horcajada, Thomas Decaens, Elizabeth A. Offord, Karim Bouzakri, Patrick Ammann
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the individual and interactive effects of estrogen deficiency and suboptimal protein intake on glucose homeostasis in ageing female rats. The results showed moderate dietary protein restriction increased fasting glycemia without modifying insulinemia, body weight gain, and composition, highlighting the importance of meeting dietary protein needs to avoid disturbances in glucose homeostasis in ageing female rats with or without estrogen withdrawal.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Natalie R. Janzen, Jamie Whitfield, Lisa Murray-Segal, Bruce E. Kemp, John A. Hawley, Nolan J. Hoffman
Summary: Disrupting AMPK-glycogen interaction reduces maximal exercise capacity and skeletal muscle AMPK alpha and beta 2 content, and increases glycogen utilization.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kamilla L. Haganes, Catalina P. Silva, Svala K. Eyjolfsdottir, Sandra Steen, Martine Grindberg, Stian Lydersen, John A. Hawley, Trine Moholdt
Summary: This study investigated the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on glycemic control and cardiometabolic health in obese women. The results showed that TREHIIT improvement HbA1c and led to greater reductions in total and visceral fat mass compared to TRE or HIIT alone.
Article
Sport Sciences
Guilherme Defante Telles, Cleiton Augusto Libardi, Miguel Soares Conceicao, Felipe Cassaro Vechin, Manoel Emilio Lixandrao, Flavia Regina Rotea Mangone, Ana Carolina Pavanelli, Maria Aparecida Nagai, Donny Michael Camera, John A. Hawley, Carlos Ugrinowitsch
Summary: This study aimed to compare the time course changes in DNA methylation and mRNA expression for selected myogenic regulatory factors immediately after, 4 h after, and 8 h after a single bout of resistance exercise, high-intensity interval exercise, and concurrent exercise. The results showed that the mean methylation across all CpGs analyzed was reduced after 4 and 8 h in response to all exercise protocols. In addition, all exercise bouts increased mRNA expression over time.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
David J. Bishop, John A. Hawley
Summary: This article challenges the long-standing assumption in molecular biology that there is a direct relationship between mRNA levels and protein abundance. Bishop and Hawley argue against this assumption in the context of skeletal muscle responses to exercise.
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mehdi R. R. Belhaj, Nathan G. G. Lawler, John A. A. Hawley, David I. I. Broadhurst, Nolan J. J. Hoffman, Stacey N. N. Reinke
Summary: The study found that disruptions in AMPK-glycogen binding in mice led to decreased exercise capacity and alterations in plasma metabolite profiles during rest and exercise. Differences in metabolite responses were observed between wild type and disrupted AMPK mice, suggesting a potential role for AMPK-glycogen interactions in fuel utilization during exercise.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evelyn B. Parr, Nikolai Steventon-Lorenzen, Richard Johnston, Nirav Maniar, Brooke L. Devlin, Karen H. C. Lim, John A. Hawley
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effect of a 5-day, 9-hour time-restricted eating protocol on 24-hour glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that time-restricted eating did not affect dietary intake or physical activity, but it reduced the daily eating window and significantly improved glycemic control.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Caroline M. Apovian, Xi-Rong Guo, John A. Hawley, Shahzeer Karmali, Ruth J. F. Loos, Wilma E. Waterlander
Summary: The levels of obesity and overweight are increasing globally, leading to health issues and reduced quality of life for affected individuals. The pathogenesis of obesity is complex and multifactorial, making effective solutions difficult to find. In this viewpoint, experts from various fields provide their perspectives on addressing the rising prevalence of obesity.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paloma Elortegui Pascual, Maryann R. Rolands, Alison L. Eldridge, Amira Kassis, Fabio Mainardi, Kim-Anne Le, Leonidas G. Karagounis, Philipp Gut, Krista A. Varady
Summary: This meta-analysis compared the effectiveness of different intermittent fasting regimens with traditional caloric energy restriction for weight loss. The results showed that intermittent fasting was comparable to caloric energy restriction and is a promising alternative for weight loss. Among the three regimens examined, alternate day fasting showed the highest effectiveness, followed by caloric energy restriction and time-restricted eating. Further well-powered randomized controlled trials with longer durations are needed to draw solid conclusions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evelyn B. Parr, Imre W. K. Kouw, Michael J. Wheeler, Bridget E. Radford, Rebecca C. Hall, Joan M. Senden, Joy P. B. Goessens, Luc J. C. van Loon, John A. Hawley
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of time-restricted eating (TRE) on integrated skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) rates in males with overweight/obesity. The study found no significant difference in daily MyoPS rates between the TRE group and the control group, but the TRE group had lower total blood glucose levels, greater total body mass reduction, and more lean mass loss. These findings suggest that time-restricted eating may have potential benefits for health management, but further research is needed.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Andrew Wilhelmsen, Francis B. Stephens, Andrew J. Bennett, Leonidas G. Karagounis, Simon W. Jones, Kostas Tsintzas
Summary: Myostatin is upregulated in human obesity and insulin resistance, and this study found that it is uniquely upregulated in aged adults with excess adiposity and insulin resistance. The upregulation of myostatin does not appear to be mediated by subcutaneous adipose tissue or lipid-induced insulin resistance. Future work is needed to establish the causal factors responsible for the obesity-mediated upregulation of myostatin.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kun He, Mengyi Xie, Weifeng Hong, Yonghe Li, Yaolin Yin, Xiaojin Gao, Yi He, Yu Chen, Chuan You, Jingdong Li
Summary: Centromere protein L (CENPL) is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with poor patient prognosis. Upregulation of CENPL promotes tumor proliferation and glycolysis in HCC cells by activating the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingzi Wang, Haozhong Huang, Huimin Weng, Chunsen Jia, Bin Liao, Yang Long, Fengxu Yu, Yongmei Nie
Summary: Talin protein plays a crucial role in transmitting mechanical forces by connecting the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. It converts mechanical signals into biochemical signals and serves as diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic indicators in diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hema Saranya Ilamathi, Marc Germain
Summary: Mitochondria are the central metabolic hubs in cells, relying on proteins encoded by nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) for their function. The maintenance and distribution of mtDNA are crucial for proper mitochondrial function and are associated with mitochondrial diseases. mtDNA is organized into nucleoids that dynamically move and interact with each other. The replication and distribution of mtDNA nucleoids are regulated by the complex interplay of mitochondrial dynamics, ER-mitochondria contact sites, and cytoskeletal networks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
K. K. Sruthi, Sirisha Natani, Ramesh Ummanni
Summary: The overexpression of TPD52 is associated with the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). TPD52 activates the NF-kappa B - STAT3 axis to induce neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) of prostate cancer cells. Therapeutic targeting of TPD52 is important for the treatment of prostate cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cui Li, Feifan Xiang, Yuqi Gong, Yi Fu, Ge Chen, Zhi Wang, Zhong Li, Daiqing Wei
Summary: Our study demonstrates the significant role of tumor-derived microparticles (T-MPs) in osteosarcoma metastasis and immune response. T-MPs promote macrophage polarization and stimulate migration and chemoresistance of osteosarcoma cells, thereby affecting the progression of osteosarcoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
