Article
Immunology
Isabelle Vock, Lisandra Aguilar-Bultet, Adrian Egli, Pranita D. Tamma, Sarah Tschudin-Sutter
Summary: Majority of infections in hospitalized patients colonized with ESBL-PE are not caused by ESBL-PE. Site of infection and patient-level exposures may serve as useful predictors for nESBI,-PE infections, potentially guiding empiric treatment recommendations.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Huan Zhang, Beibei Liang, Jin Wang, Yun Cai
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of non-carbapenem beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors (BLBLIs) with carbapenems for the treatment of UTIs caused by ESBL-PE. The results showed no significant difference in clinical success and mortality between the two treatment groups, but a slightly higher rate of microbiological success was observed in the BLBLIs group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Judith A. Anesi, Ebbing Lautenbach, Pranita D. Tamma, Kerri A. Thom, Emily A. Blumberg, Kevin Alby, Warren B. Bilker, Alissa Werzen, Pam Tolomeo, Jacqueline Omorogbe, Lisa Pineles, Jennifer H. Han
Summary: The study identified several risk factors for ESBL-EB BSIs among solid organ transplant recipients, including prior ESBL-EB colonization, corticosteroid-containing immunosuppression regimen, corticosteroid treatment for acute rejection, and exposure to certain antibiotics. Further studies and interventions are needed to explore and address these modifiable risk factors in this population.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Huan Zhang, Juan Xu, Qinyan Xiao, Yuhang Wang, Jin Wang, Man Zhu, Yun Cai
Summary: This meta-analysis found that beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations (BLBLIs) were noninferior to carbapenems for bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE), especially in definitive therapy. BLBLIs may be a valid alternative to spare the use of carbapenems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
B. Davido, A. Saleh-Mghir, M. Rottman, K. Jaffal, E. Salomon, F. Bouchand, C. Lawrence, T. Bauer, J. L. Herrmann, P. De Truchis, L. Noussair, A. C. Cremieux
Summary: Treating native osteomyelitis caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacterales is challenging. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 29 patients treated in a bone and joint infection reference center. The study found that ESBL-PE native bone and joint infections are often polymicrobial, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most frequent ESBL-producing species.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jincao Hu, Jia Li, Chang Liu, Yan Zhang, Hui Xie, Chuchu Li, Han Shen, Xiaoli Cao
Summary: The characteristics of global beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae, including distribution of beta-lactamase, sequence types (STs), and plasmid replicons, were analyzed. Almost all E. cloacae strains carried beta-lactamase encoding genes, with bla(CMH) and bla(ACT) being the most predominant bla(AmpC) genes. Various genotypes of carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase (CH β Ls) were identified, with bla(VIM) and bla(KPC) being the most dominant. Diverse STs and plasmid replicons were also identified.
Article
Microbiology
Lorena Montero, Jorge Irazabal, Paul Cardenas, Jay P. Graham, Gabriel Trueba
Summary: The majority of untreated wastewater, containing drug-resistant and pathogenic bacteria, is released into streams in cities around the world, potentially leading to the circulation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria back to humans through agricultural produce. This study conducted in Ecuador found ESBL-producing E. coli in irrigation water, vegetables, and fruits, with certain ESBL genes associated with human infections being prevalent. The presence of mcr-1 gene responsible for colistin resistance in some isolates highlights the potential role of irrigation water in the antimicrobial resistance crisis in Ecuador.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Djahida Souna, Mourad Drissi, Iyad Almahmoud, Max Maurin
Summary: This study evaluated beta-lactam resistance in Enterobacter cloacae complex strains isolated from Algerian hospitals, with the majority identified as Enterobacter hormaechei species, particularly the subspecies E. hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis. All strains exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics and were found to produce ESBLs, primarily from the CTX-M-1 group, notably CTX-M-15. The identification and management of multidrug-resistant ECC strains, particularly those carrying CTX-M ESBLs, pose a significant public health challenge in Algeria.
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Julieta Madrid-Morales, Aditi Sharma, Kelly Reveles, Carolina Velez-Mejia, Teri Hopkins, Linda Yang, Elizabeth Walter, Jose Cadena
Summary: This study aimed to validate and compare five published prediction models for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections. The modified Hopkins and Duke prediction models were found to be the most accurate in discriminating between Gram-negative bacteremia patients in a veteran population.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Shan Jiang, Xiaoyu Wang, Haidong Yu, Jisheng Zhang, Jianmin Wang, Jie Li, Xinhui Li, Kewang Hu, Xue Gong, Xuemei Gou, Yang Yang, Chunjiang Li, Xiaoli Zhang
Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CRECC) has become a major cause of healthcare-associated infections, and colistin is a last-resort treatment option. Mobile colistin resistance (mcr)-9 gene has been identified in CRECC strains, and its co-location with bla(NDM-1) or bla(IMP-4) has been observed. These findings provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of mcr-9 expression and emphasize the importance of monitoring the prevalence of co-existing plasmids carrying MBL and mcr-9.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiyong Zong, Yu Feng, Alan McNally
Summary: Enterobacter is a globally important pathogen with resistance to carbapenem and colistin. Further research is needed to understand colistin heteroresistance and the emergence of certain Enterobacter lineages clinically.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lukas Bock, Lisandra Aguilar-Bultet, Adrian Egli, Manuel Battegay, Andreas Kronenberg, Roland Vogt, Carole Kaufmann, Sarah Tschudin-Sutter
Summary: Higher outdoor temperature may be associated with an increase in the incidence of ESBL-PE, independent of other potential confounding factors, such as antimicrobial consumption.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Shweta R. Singh, Alvin Kuo Jing Teo, Kiesha Prem, Rick Twee-Hee Ong, Elizabeth A. Ashley, H. Rogier van Doorn, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Paul Turner, Li Yang Hsu
Summary: Despite limited knowledge on the prevalence of ESBL-E and CPE in the Greater Mekong Subregion, recent trends show an increase in ESBL-producing E. coli in clinical and carriage specimens. Risk factors associated with ESBL-E isolation include recent antibiotic exposure, chronic kidney disease, and other co-morbidities. Collaboration on standardizing study methods is needed to improve monitoring and surveillance in the region, especially in community settings of Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia, and Yunnan and Guangxi provinces of China.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Diego Fernando Josa, Ingrid Gisell Bustos, Soad Amira Yusef, Stephanie Crevoisier, Edwin Silva, Natalia Lopez, Rafael Leal, Isabel Torres Molina, Juan Pablo Osorio, Gerson Arias, Fabian Cortes-Munoz, Carolina Sanchez, Luis Felipe Reyes
Summary: This study tested a modified protocol for the rapid detection of carbapenemase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that the modified protocol had a 99% concordance rate with the traditional method and significantly reduced the identification time. This study provides novel evidence for the rapid detection of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
L. P. Randall, R. H. Horton, J. I. Chanter, F. Lemma, S. J. Evans
Summary: This study aimed to report on the presence of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli in retail chicken meat samples in the UK, focusing on AmpC, ESBL production, and carbapenem resistance. Results showed a significant decrease in the proportion of ESBL- and/or AmpC-positive samples in retail chicken meat in the UK from 2013/14 to 2018, possibly linked to reductions in antimicrobials used in the poultry meat sector.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Toshiharu Sasaki, Yohei Doi
Summary: This study investigated cases of S. lugdunensis bacteremia and found that the clinical significance of single-positive cases is uncertain. Among all cases, only a small subset of low-risk patients did not require antimicrobial therapy, and they had no adverse clinical consequences.
DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yu Takahashi, Hideaki Wakita, Takuma Ishihara, Hideto Okazaki, Akihiro Ito, Mitsunaga Iwata, Shigeru Sonoda, Yohei Doi
Summary: Healthcare-associated COVID-19 among vulnerable patients leads to disproportionate morbidity and mortality. Early pharmacologic intervention may reduce negative sequelae and improve survival in such settings. This study aimed to describe outcome of patients with healthcare-associated COVID-19 who received early short-course remdesivir therapy.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hiroyuki Naruse, Yohei Doi, Mitsunaga Iwata, Kiyohito Ishikawa
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Japan's early return-to-work (RTW) program for healthcare workers (HCWs) who have been in close contact with COVID-19 cases was found to be a reasonable strategy. HCWs eligible for the program had received the third dose of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, tested negative for COVID-19 before each work shift, and were difficult to replace. Out of 256 HCWs identified as close contacts, 37 secondary cases were detected, and 141 HCWs (55%) participated in the early RTW program, with no reported infection clusters.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Brian N. Malley, Jonathan Yabes, Elizabeth H. Gimbel, Chung-Chou H. Chang, Donald A. Yealy, Michael Fine, Derek M. Angus, David T. F. Huang
Summary: The Procalcitonin Antibiotic Consensus Trial (ProACT) found that providing a procalcitonin antibiotic prescribing guideline to hospital-based clinicians did not reduce antibiotic use. The study aimed to determine the threshold adherence rate for reducing antibiotic use and to explore opportunities to increase adherence.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hiroshi Mukae, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Norio Ohmagari, Yohei Doi, Hiroki Sakaguchi, Takuhiro Sonoyama, Genki Ichihashi, Takao Sanaki, Keiko Baba, Yuko Tsuge, Takeki Uehara
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ensitrelvir for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 during the Omicron epidemic. The results showed that ensitrelvir treatment significantly reduced the SARS-CoV-2 titer compared to placebo. However, there was no significant difference in the total score of the 12 COVID-19 symptoms. Overall, ensitrelvir demonstrated favorable antiviral efficacy and potential clinical benefit with an acceptable safety profile.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Iain J. Abbott, Elke van Gorp, Hugh Cottingham, Nenad Macesic, Steven C. Wallis, Jason A. Roberts, Joseph Meletiadis, Anton Y. Peleg
Summary: The study found that high-dose oral ciprofloxacin therapy (750 mg 12 hourly) has good antibacterial activity against ceftriaxone-resistant Escherichia coli, especially with ciprofloxacin MIC <= 1 mg/L.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Burcu Isler, Abdullah Tarik Aslan, Burhan Sami Benli, David L. Paterson, Nick Daneman, Robert Fowler, Murat Akova
Summary: This study investigated the current practice of antibiotic treatment duration and timing of IV to oral switching for common bacteraemic conditions among Turkish infectious disease and ICU physicians. The results showed that the most commonly recommended duration of antibiotic treatment for bacteraemia was 14 days, followed by 10 and 7 days. Most physicians recommended switching to oral antibiotics after 7 days of IV treatment. Prolonged treatment durations may be due to a presumption that resistant bacterial infections require longer therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Mylene Vaillancourt, Anna Clara Milesi Galdino, Sam P. Limsuwannarot, Diana Celedonio, Elizabeth Dimitrova, Matthew Broerman, Catherine Bresee, Yohei Doi, Janet S. Lee, William C. Parks, Peter Jorth
Summary: This study investigates the virulence mechanisms of antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. It reveals that a mutation in the RNase E gene leads to increased production of siderophores, which damage macrophage cell membranes and cause cell death. The study also suggests that gallium can reduce the virulence of RNase E variants and may serve as a precision therapy for these infections.
Article
Immunology
Rick van der Geest, Hongye Fan, Hernan F. Penaloza, William G. Bain, Zeyu Xiong, Naina Kohli, Emily Larson, Mara L. G. Sullivan, Jonathan M. Franks, Donna B. Stolz, Ryota Ito, Kong Chen, Yohei Doi, Melanie J. Harriff, Janet S. Lee
Summary: This study found heterogeneity in the sensitivity of clinical Kp isolates to macrophage phagocytic uptake, and demonstrated that phagocytosis is a significant determinant of the pathogenicity of Kp in the lungs.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Budi Permana, Patrick N. A. Harris, Naomi Runnegar, Margaret Lindsay, Belinda C. Henderson, E. G. Playford, David L. Paterson, Scott A. Beatson, Brian M. Forde
Summary: An outbreak of vanB-type VREfm ST78 occurred in a large tertiary Australian hospital. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a complex transmission route involving unknown environmental reservoirs. This genomic analysis provided detailed information on the local epidemiology of the outbreak strain and facilitated better targeted control measures for VREfm.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gayatri Shankar Chilambi, Yu-Hao Wang, Nathan R. Wallace, Chetachukwu Obiwuma, Kirsten M. Evans, Yanhong Li, Menna-Allah W. Shalaby, Daniel P. Flaherty, Ryan K. Shields, Yohei Doi, Daria Van Tyne
Summary: This study identified a mutant strain of Enterococcus faecalis that is hypersusceptible to aminoglycoside antibiotics due to disruption of alpha-carbonic anhydrase (alpha-CA). Disruption of alpha-CA increased proton motive force and membrane permeability, leading to increased gentamicin uptake in E. faecalis. Additionally, an FDA-approved alpha-CA inhibitor sensitized various E. faecalis strains to gentamicin.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Luke S. P. Moore, Maria Virginia Villegas, Eric Wenzler, Timothy M. Rawson, Rita O. Oladele, Yohei Doi, Anucha Apisarnthanarak
Summary: Despite variable utilization of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) across different income countries, a value framework has been proposed to define the benefits of RDTs in ASPs, separate from per-patient benefits. Effective implementation is key to realizing the value of RDTs within ASPs, and actionable advice for choosing an RDT has been proposed by infectious disease experts from various countries. These experts also advocate for the inclusion of RDTs in the World Health Organization Model List of essential in vitro diagnostics and in the iterative development of national action plans.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Nadine Rouphael, Patricia Winokur, Michael C. Keefer, Jessica Traenkner, Ana Drobeniuc, Yohei Doi, Sonal Munsiff, Vance G. Fowler, Scott Evans, Randolph E. Oler, Bonifride Tuyishimire, Marina Lee, Varduhi Ghazaryan, Henry F. Chambers
Summary: Concerns over resistance and safety have been identified in the current treatment regimen for complicated urinary tract infections. Fosfomycin is a drug that is routinely used for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis. This study shows that fosfomycin could be an oral alternative as step-down therapy for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, with a clinical cure rate comparable to levofloxacin but a lower microbiological success rate 3 weeks from start of antibiotics.
Article
Microbiology
Rauf Salamzade, Christi L. McElheny, Abigail L. Manson, Ashlee M. Earl, Nader Shaikh, Yohei Doi
Summary: Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. However, the mechanisms of virulence and antibiotic resistance, as well as the population structure of this species, are poorly understood in this age group. This study examined the genetic markers and population structure of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) in children with UTIs. The results revealed similarities between UPEC populations in children and adults, with certain genetic markers being more common in pediatric pyelonephritis cases. Additionally, antibiotic resistance was correlated with known genetic markers, and a fimbrial gene allele was found to confer a selective advantage for UPEC.
Article
Microbiology
Richard D. Smith, Min Zhan, Shanshan Zhang, Surbhi Leekha, Anthony Harris, Yohei Doi, Scott Evans, J. Kristie Johnson, Robert K. Ernst
Summary: This study evaluated a new rapid lipid analysis technique called FLAT MS for direct identification of pathogens from blood cultures. FLAT MS showed slight differences in accuracy compared to other FDA-approved methods for identifying Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and yeast. The time-to-results and hands-on time of FLAT MS were comparable to other methods.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Allison M. Hitchcock, Wesley D. Kufel, Keri A. Mastro Dwyer, Eric F. Sidman
Summary: Lenacapavir is a novel HIV-1 treatment option for patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV-1 infection. It has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and has shown good tolerability and efficacy in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Roberta Gagliardini, Alessandro Tavelli, Stefano Rusconi, Sergio Lo Caputo, Vincenzo Spagnuolo, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Andrea Costantini, Alessandra Vergori, Franco Maggiolo, Andrea Giacomelli, Giulia Burastero, Giordano Madeddu, Eugenia Quiros Roldan, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Andrea Antinori, Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri
Summary: This study evaluated multiple treatment failures to modern antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals and found that approximately 4% of them were difficult to treat. The difficult to treat group, compared to the non-difficult to treat group, was characterized by older age, higher prevalence of AIDS, lower CD4+ cell count, and higher risk of treatment failure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2024)
