Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Srijita Basak, Debashrito Deb, Utkarsh Narsaria, Tamalika Kar, Filippo Castiglione, Indraneel Sanyal, Pratap D. Bade, Anurag P. Srivastava
Summary: Clostridium difficile infection is a major health-associated infection with high incidence and mortality rates. A chimeric vaccine candidate was designed using immunoinformatics, which showed stability and reliability in silico and molecular dynamics simulations. Docking studies demonstrated stable interactions with immune receptors, and in silico modeling indicated competent expression in E. coli system for potential immune response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Giuseppe Esposito, Chiara Corpetti, Marcella Pesce, Luisa Seguella, Giuseppe Annunziata, Alessandro Del Re, Martina Vincenzi, Roberta Lattanzi, Jie Lu, Walter Sanseverino, Giovanni Sarnelli
Summary: The newly designed PEA-producing probiotic showed therapeutic potential in inhibiting colonic inflammation and restoring tight junction protein expression in a mouse model of CDI.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinglue Song, Xia Shen, Zhenyu Huang, Yun Liu, Long Cui, Xuewei Cui, Chen-Ying Liu
Summary: Toxins A and B of Clostridium difficile disrupt the Hippo pathway, leading to sequestration and inactivation of YAP and TAZ in colonic epithelial cells. Overexpression of YAP restores cell function and may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating CDI.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kazutaka Fukushima, Ryota Inokuchi, Ichiro Hirayama, Takahiro Hiruma, Kent Doi
Summary: Early diagnosis and conservative antibiotic therapy are crucial for saving fulminant CDI patients who are not eligible for surgery due to severe complicating conditions.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Miad Elahi, Haruyuki Nakayama-Imaohji, Masahito Hashimoto, Ayano Tada, Hisashi Yamasaki, Tamiko Nagao, Tomomi Kuwahara
Summary: The gut symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT) suppresses Clostridium difficile (CD) toxin production by inhibiting polysaccharide metabolism pathways. Polysaccharide fractions derived from BT can suppress CD toxin production, with cell wall-associated glycans playing a key role in this inhibitory effect.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Peng An Khun, Thomas V. Riley
Summary: This review provides an overview of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in southeast Asia, including its prevalence, detection methods, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and the potential significance of a One Health approach. CDI is a common cause of hospital-acquired gastroenteritis worldwide, with higher rates observed in high-income countries. Lack of knowledge and awareness about CDI, along with antimicrobial abuse and inadequate education on appropriate usage, contribute to its evolution. Underreporting of CDI rates and misuse of antimicrobial agents pose a significant threat in regions like Indochina, while C. difficile RT 017 strain is endemic in southeast Asia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Ryan M. Hanson, Amy J. Wagner
Summary: Severe, complicated Clostridium difficile colitis is rare in pediatric patients and little is known about its medical and surgical management in this population. A case report of a 15-year-old female patient with severe, complicated C difficile colitis successfully treated with diverting loop ileostomy and colonic lavage is presented. This approach, instead of subtotal colectomy and end ileostomy, should be considered as an alternative for pediatric patients with severe, complicated C difficile colitis.
Article
Microbiology
Mahmoud Fayez, Waleed R. El-Ghareeb, Ahmed Elmoslemany, Saleem J. Alsunaini, Mohamed Alkafafy, Othman M. Alzahrani, Samy F. Mahmoud, Ibrahim Elsohaby
Summary: The study investigated the presence of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridioides difficile in camel minced meat samples collected from small butcher shops and supermarkets in Al-Ahsa Governorate, Saudi Arabia. It was found that most isolates exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial, with some showing multidrug resistance. This highlights the importance of enforcing food safety standards and conducting regular inspections in abattoirs, small butcher shops, and supermarkets.
Review
Microbiology
Shannon L. Kordus, Audrey K. Thomas, D. Borden Lacy
Summary: Clostridioides difficile produces up to three different toxins, which play a key role in the pathogenesis of colon infection. In this Review, Kordus, Thomas, and Lacy discuss the structure and function of these toxins and how this information guides new therapeutic approaches. Understanding the mechanisms of host-toxin interactions provides a foundation for developing novel strategies for the treatment and prevention of C. difficile infection.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Waleed A. Hassanain, Julia Spoors, Christopher L. Johnson, Karen Faulds, Neil Keegan, Duncan Graham
Summary: The study introduces a novel testing platform for the rapid and simultaneous detection of two specific biomarkers of Clostridium difficile infection, providing a rapid, selective, sensitive, and cost-effective clinical evaluation method for CDI.
Article
Microbiology
Jessica M. Chisholm, Papanin Putsathit, Thomas V. Riley, Su-Chen Lim
Summary: This study reveals the common presence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Western Australia, which are being released into the environment and becoming a potential source/reservoir for community-associated C. difficile infection (CA-CDI).
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pablo Castro-Cordova, Maria Jose Mendoza-Leon, Daniel Paredes-Sabja
Summary: In elderly mice, the internalization of Clostridioides difficile spores in the ileum and colonic mucosa is higher compared to adults or young mice, while spore adherence to the ileum and colonic mucosa decreases with aging.
Article
Immunology
Farhan Anwar, Bryan Angelo P. Roxas, Kareem W. Shehab, Neil M. Ampel, V. K. Viswanathan, Gayatri Vedantam
Summary: Clostridioides difficile is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. A study on CDI diagnostic methods found a significant percentage of patients with discrepant test results, containing low-toxin strains that exhibited strong virulence in experiments.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Salvador Lopez-Cardenas, Eva Torres-Martos, Juan Mora-Delgado, Juan Manuel Sanchez-Calvo, Marta Santos-Pena, Angel Zapata Lopez, Maria Dolores Lopez-Prieto, Salvador Perez-Cortes, Juan Carlos Alados
Summary: The study revealed that patients with detected presence of TcdB and CDT in feces exhibited greater disease severity and higher recurrence rates compared to those without detection. Simultaneous detection of both markers had a stronger impact on prognosis in cases of CDI.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carmen Ranftler, Dietmar Nagl, Andreas Sparer, Andreas Roehrich, Michael Freissmuth, Ali El-Kasaby, Shahrooz Nasrollahi Shirazi, Florian Koban, Cornelius Tschegg, Stephane Nizet
Summary: The study demonstrated that G-PUR (R) could effectively adsorb clinically relevant amounts of C. difficile toxins A and B, neutralizing their effects in vitro. Furthermore, the use of G-PUR (R) did not cause damage to the epithelial monolayer, indicating its potential safety for the treatment and prevention of C. difficile-associated diarrhea.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Allison M. Hitchcock, Wesley D. Kufel, Keri A. Mastro Dwyer, Eric F. Sidman
Summary: Lenacapavir is a novel HIV-1 treatment option for patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV-1 infection. It has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and has shown good tolerability and efficacy in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Roberta Gagliardini, Alessandro Tavelli, Stefano Rusconi, Sergio Lo Caputo, Vincenzo Spagnuolo, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Andrea Costantini, Alessandra Vergori, Franco Maggiolo, Andrea Giacomelli, Giulia Burastero, Giordano Madeddu, Eugenia Quiros Roldan, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Andrea Antinori, Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri
Summary: This study evaluated multiple treatment failures to modern antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals and found that approximately 4% of them were difficult to treat. The difficult to treat group, compared to the non-difficult to treat group, was characterized by older age, higher prevalence of AIDS, lower CD4+ cell count, and higher risk of treatment failure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2024)