Article
Microbiology
Ilaria De Benedetto, Nour Shbaklo, Costanza Vicentini, Carla Maria Zotti, Francesco Giuseppe De Rosa, Silvia Corcione
Summary: This study analyzed the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a short course of CAZ/AVI plus source control compared to a long course plus source control. The findings suggest that short-course CAZ/AVI treatment may be more cost-effective than long-course treatment for KPC-Kp BSI patients.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Agathe Metais, Jose Miguel Torregrosa Diaz, Maria Pilar Gallego Hernanz, Maxime Pichon, Deborah Desmier, France Roblot, Blandine Rammaert
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of short versus prolonged antibiotic treatment for bloodstream infection (BSI) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The findings suggest that short-term antibiotic treatment is as effective as prolonged treatment, with very few relapses within 30 days of discontinuation.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas Rydzak, Ryan A. Groves, Ruichuan Zhang, Raied Aburashed, Rajnigandha Pushpker, Maryam Mapar, Ian A. Lewis
Summary: Bloodstream infections cause a significant number of infections and deaths annually, and delayed administration of appropriate antimicrobials increases mortality rates. A rapid metabolic preference assay using metabolic flux patterns can efficiently identify pathogens and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility, reducing testing time to less than 20 hours.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
J. W. Timoteus Deelen, W. C. Rottier, A. G. M. Buiting, J. W. Dorigo-Zetsma, J. A. J. W. Kluytmans, P. D. Van der Linden, S. F. T. Thijsen, B. J. M. Vlaminckx, A. J. L. Weersink, H. S. M. Ammerlaan, M. J. M. Bonten, C. H. Van Werkhoven
Summary: The study found that short-course adjunctive aminoglycoside treatment along with beta-lactam antibiotics did not improve 30-day mortality in sepsis patients with Gram-negative bloodstream infection, despite providing better antibiotic coverage of pathogens.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Xiaomeng Feng, Chenjing Qian, Yuping Fan, Jia Li, Jieru Wang, Qingsong Lin, Erlie Jiang, Yingchang Mi, Lugui Qiu, Zhijian Xiao, Jianxiang Wang, Mei Hong, Sizhou Feng
Summary: This study suggests that short-course antibiotic therapy is as effective as prolonged-course therapy in terms of clinical outcomes for patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections and hematological malignancies. Further prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael L. Rinke, Moonseong Heo, Lisa Saiman, David G. Bundy, Rebecca E. Rosenberg, Patricia DeLaMora, Barbara Rabin, Philip Zachariah, Parsa Mirhaji, William J. H. Ford, Oghale Obaro-Best, Michael Drasher, Elizabeth Klein, Alexandre Peshansky, Suzette O. Oyeku
Summary: The study identified a substantial incidence density of ambulatory pediatric CLABSI and its association with healthcare utilization. The type of CL, patients with low albumin, prophylactic antimicrobial agents, and placement setting may be targeted for reduction efforts.
Article
Microbiology
Hyeon Jin Choi, Seok Hoon Jeong, Kyeong Seob Shin, Young Ah Kim, Young Ree Kim, Hyun Soo Kim, Jong Hee Shin, Jeong Hwan Shin, Young Uh, Songmee Bae, Eun-Jeong Yoon, Jung Sik Yoo
Summary: This study assessed 636 cases of E. coli urinary tract infections in South Korea, identifying risk factors for bloodstream infections and characterizing the genetic diversity of E. coli isolates. The findings provide insights for treatment options and the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Belen Atiencia-Carrera, Fausto Sebastian Cabezas-Mera, Eduardo Tejera, Antonio Machado
Summary: A meta-analysis of studies between 1995 and 2020 revealed that the formation rate of Candida biofilm in blood samples ranged from 16% to 100%. Most of the studies were conducted in Europe and Asia. The mortality rate of Candida-related bloodstream infections was 37.9%, with 70.0% of the deaths being associated with biofilm.
Review
Microbiology
Kelly A. Cairns, Andrew A. Udy, Trisha N. Peel, Iain J. Abbott, Michael J. Dooley, Anton Y. Peleg
Summary: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are a common cause of bloodstream infections (BSIs) with high morbidity and mortality rates. The management of VRE BSI presents significant challenges, including drug dosing, resistance emergence, and optimal treatment strategies. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) shows promise in predicting drug toxicity for VRE-active agents, but there is limited evidence for predicting antimicrobial efficacy for VRE BSIs. This article provides an overview of treatment options, the role of TDM in clinical infection management, and future challenges and perspectives.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Severin Muff, Alexis Tabah, Yok-Ai Que, Jean-Francois Timsit, Leonard Mermel, Stephan Harbarth, Niccolo Buetti
Summary: Limited data suggests that shorter systemic antibiotic treatment duration may be sufficient for uncomplicated CRBSI. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher H. Gu, Layla A. Khatib, Ayannah S. Fitzgerald, Jevon Graham-Wooten, Caroline A. Ittner, Scott Sherrill-Mix, Yuchung Chuang, Laurel J. Glaser, Nuala J. Meyer, Frederic D. Bushman, Ronald G. Collman
Summary: This study used sequencing analysis to investigate the relationship between gut microbiome and bloodstream infection in critically ill patients. The results showed that gut microbiome constituents matching the bloodstream infection species were present in half of the cases, with strain-level identity depending on the relative abundance of the species in the gut.
Article
Immunology
Kevin B. Laupland, Adam G. Stewart, Felicity Edwards, David L. Paterson, Sonali Coulter, Claire Heney, Narelle George, Patrick Harris
Summary: The epidemiology of bloodstream infections caused by Shewanella spp. in Queensland, Australia from 2000 to 2019 was investigated. The incidence rate was 1.0 cases per 1 million persons annually, with the highest occurrence during summer and in the tropical Torres and Cape region. Older individuals and males were found to be at the highest risk. Concurrent conditions were documented in 75% of the cases, and the 30-day all-cause case-fatality rate was 15%. This study suggests that the burden of Shewanella spp. infections may increase in aging populations in warm climates.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose Molina, Enrique Montero-Mateos, Julia Praena-Segovia, Eva Leon-Jimenez, Clara Natera, Luis E. Lopez-Cortes, Lucia Valiente, Clara M. Rosso-Fernandez, Marta Herrero, Ana Aller-Garcia, Angela Cano, Belen Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Ignacio Marquez-Gomez, Rocio Alvarez-Marin, Carmen Infante, Cristina Roca, Adoracion Valiente-Mendez, Jeronimo Pachon, Jose Maria Reguera, Juan Enrique Corzo-Delgado, Julian Torre-Cisneros, Jesus Rodriguez-Bano, Jose Miguel Cisneros, S. H. O. R. T. E. N. Trial Team
Summary: This study demonstrates that 7-day courses of antibiotics can reduce patients' exposure to antibiotics while achieving similar clinical outcomes to 14-day courses for bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacterales. Although there is a possibility of relapsing fever in a limited number of patients, it does not impact the final outcomes.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Sonya Krishnan, Richard E. Chaisson
Summary: In the global control of tuberculosis, providing tuberculosis-preventive therapy (TPT) to vulnerable populations is crucial. Shorter-course TPT regimens are highly effective and improve completion rates. Despite the inclusion of one month of rifapentine and isoniazid in global guidelines, current US TPT guidelines do not recommend this regimen, but they should.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jamie Bering, John K. DiBaise
Summary: Short bowel syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by severe intestinal dysfunction, leading to malabsorption and the need for parenteral nutrition support. Treatment is complex and involves various approaches such as nutrition support, fluid and electrolyte management, and pharmacologic therapies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Allison M. Hitchcock, Wesley D. Kufel, Keri A. Mastro Dwyer, Eric F. Sidman
Summary: Lenacapavir is a novel HIV-1 treatment option for patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) HIV-1 infection. It has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and has shown good tolerability and efficacy in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2024)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Roberta Gagliardini, Alessandro Tavelli, Stefano Rusconi, Sergio Lo Caputo, Vincenzo Spagnuolo, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Andrea Costantini, Alessandra Vergori, Franco Maggiolo, Andrea Giacomelli, Giulia Burastero, Giordano Madeddu, Eugenia Quiros Roldan, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Andrea Antinori, Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri
Summary: This study evaluated multiple treatment failures to modern antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals and found that approximately 4% of them were difficult to treat. The difficult to treat group, compared to the non-difficult to treat group, was characterized by older age, higher prevalence of AIDS, lower CD4+ cell count, and higher risk of treatment failure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2024)