期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
卷 44, 期 10, 页码 717-727出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.04.011
关键词
Alaska; Arctic; Haemoproteus; Leucocytozoon; Plasmodium; Trypanosoma; Co-infections; Random forest models
类别
资金
- AXA Research Fund, UK
- National Geographic Committee for Research and Exploration, USA [9072-12]
Avian species are commonly infected by multiple parasites, however few studies have investigated the environmental determinants of the prevalence of co-infection over a large scale. Here we believe that we report the first, detailed ecological study of the prevalence, diversity and co-infections of four avian blood-borne parasite genera: Plasmodium spp., Haemoproteus spp., Leucocytozoon spp. and Trypanosoma spp. We collected blood samples from 47 resident and migratory bird species across a latitudinal gradient in Alaska. From the patterns observed at collection sites, random forest models were used to provide evidence of associations between bioclimatic conditions and the prevalence of parasite co-infection distribution. Molecular screening revealed a higher prevalence of haematozoa (53%) in Alaska than previously reported. Leucocytozoons had the highest diversity, prevalence and prevalence of co-infection. Leucocytozoon prevalence (35%) positively correlated with Tiypanosoma prevalence (11%), negatively correlated with Haemoproteus prevalence (14%) and had no correlation with Plasmodium prevalence (7%). We found temperature, precipitation and tree cover to be the primary environmental drivers that show a relationship with the prevalence of co-infection. The results provide insight into the impacts of bioclimatic drivers on parasite ecology and intra-host interactions, and have implications for the study of infectious diseases in rapidly changing environments. (C) 2014 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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