Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Teng Man, Pei Zhang, Zhuan Ge, Sergio A. Galindo-Torres, Kimberly M. Hill
Summary: Understanding the relationship between inter-particle friction and macroscopic friction in granular assemblies is crucial for natural and engineering systems. This study used the discrete element method to investigate the mechanics of granular systems with varying inter-particle frictional coefficients. The results showed that increasing inter-particle friction led to higher effective friction coefficient, lower solid fraction, and higher transitional inertial number. A new dimensionless number was proposed to unify the influence of inter-particle friction and inertial effect.
ACTA MECHANICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xuzhen He
Summary: This paper investigates the relationship between the jamming limits from isotropic compression tests and the critical state through discrete element method (DEM) simulations. The results show that the loosest jammed state line obtained from the isotropic compression method is the same as the critical state pressure-volume fraction line, and the stress state of the critical state can also be well described by a Coulomb-type equation in the octahedral profile.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Rohini Kolapalli, Md Mizanur Rahman, Md Rajibul Karim, Hoang Bao Khoi Nguyen
Summary: Cyclic liquefaction failure modes are directly related to the consequence of liquefaction and important for mitigation strategies. Two common failure modes, cyclic mobility (CM) and cyclic instability (CI), are well reported in the literature. However, recent experimental studies revealed three other failure modes, i.e. plastic strain accumulation (PSA) and two hybrid failures: CI followed by CM and CI followed by PSA.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Xiaoxiao Wang, Yang Liu, Pengqiang Yu
Summary: This study establishes an extended analytical model based on a specific upscaling procedure considering the evolutions of meso structures in granular materials during shearing toward the critical state. By transforming the discrete case into a continuous function, a quantitative model of macro CSL is developed and used to predict the critical states for ideal granular assemblies, showing good agreement with DEM results. The influence patterns of contact properties on both meso and macro critical states are discussed in detail, providing an explanation for the variations of critical friction angle phi cs with mu.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Hoang Bao Khoi Nguyen, Md Mizanur Rahman, Andy Fourie
Summary: The study evaluates the critical state for DSS using DEM and introduces a modified state parameter, psi(m), which shows good correlations with characteristic soil behaviors. Psi(m) may be a good alternative for DSS tests where minor principal effective stresses are not measured.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mengxiang Jiang, Ping Wu, Biduan Chen, Jie Gao, Li Wang, Chunyang Dong, Yulong Ding
Summary: This study investigates the origin of multiple convection patterns in vibrofluidized granular system through discrete element method simulations and designed experiments. The trajectories of the particles involved in convection exhibit a set of random walking curves. Convection in a vibration period consists of collision and deceleration processes, with striking linear relationships observed between the initial displacement difference and amplitude of particles. The asymmetries of the container have a significant impact on the transformation of convection, with inclined bottom, inclined vibration, and inclined side showing increasing degrees of influence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jiangtao Wei, Junnan Ren, Haiying Fu
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of weakening of inter-particle friction on granular soil responses. The study shows that the influence of friction weakening is limited under low confining stress but becomes significant with increasing confining stress. From a micromechanical perspective, samples with friction weakening model have lower particle friction, resulting in higher contact sliding ratio and lower tangential contact force, which leads to lower peak strength at the macroscale.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shiva Prashanth Kumar Kodicherla, Guobin Gong, Stephen Wilkinson
Summary: This study investigates the critical state behavior of granular assemblies composed of clumped particles under different drained axisymmetric triaxial stress paths using the discrete element method (DEM). The study reveals that the evolution of stress ratio is independent of stress paths, while the stress-strain response depends on stress paths. The Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion is found to be the appropriate critical state strength criterion for axisymmetric stress conditions. A unique coordination number is achieved at the critical state, which is independent of stress paths. The critical state coordination number increases with initial confining pressure.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Danda Shi, Dong Cao, Jianfeng Xue, Yibing Deng, Yonghui Liang
Summary: This study performed discrete element analyses on crushable assemblies using 3-dimensional particle flow code to simulate undrained triaxial shear tests. The effects of particle breakage and drainage condition on the critical state behaviors of the sand were examined.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Minyi Zhu, Guobin Gong, Jun Xia, Stephen Wilkinson
Summary: This paper investigates the strength and critical state (CS) behaviors of granular materials under three different loading modes. The critical state lines (CSLs) are found to be unique and independent of the loading modes, but dependent on the intermediate stress ratios (b). The appropriate strength criteria for describing CS failures are the Satake and Matsuoka-Nakai criteria.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhiqiang Lai, Enhui Jiang, Lianjun Zhao, Zhongmei Wang, Yuanjian Wang, Junhua Li
Summary: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of inter-particle friction on the granular column collapses via the discrete element method (DEM) while eliminating the particle-size effects. As the inter-particle friction increases, the runout distance decreases, the deposit height increases, the force chains tend to be closer to the vertical upward direction, the percentage of the strong force chains become greater and the granular assembly is less susceptible to the external gravity field, thus making the collapse tend to be toppling-dominant flow. The correlation between the initial height and runout distance of particles at the final deposits becomes stronger when the collapse tends to be more toppling-dominant. The motion patterns of the collapse are governed by the inter-particle friction and initial aspect ratio through dimensional analysis and the effective aspect ratio parameter is proposed to classify granular column collapse into three regimes (sliding-dominant, transition, and toppling-dominant collapse).
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yipeng Xie, Junsheng Yang, Cong Zhang, Tongming Qu, Shuying Wang, Jinyang Fu
Summary: This study developed a novel method to quantify the skeleton state of binary granular soils with arbitrary relative density. A series of numerical simulations were performed to reveal the relationship between the critical values of skeleton state evolution and micro-mechanical behaviors.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Tengfei Jiao, Shutian Zhang, Min Sun, Decai Huang
Summary: This study presents numerical simulations of the resonance of a finite-length granular chain of dissipative grains driven by a harmonically vibrated tube. Multiple gradual resonant modes, namely non-resonance mode, partial-resonance mode, and complete-resonance mode, are identified. The results show that increasing vibration acceleration leads to an increase in the number of grains participating in resonance, and the time of free flight plays a dominant role in grain motion. A general master equation that describes the dependence of the system energy on the length of the granular chain and the number of grain-wall collisions is established, and it is in good agreement with the simulation results. The phase diagrams reveal that shorter granular chains and larger packing densities favor the occurrence of complete-resonance mode.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Igor Ostanin, Hongyang Cheng, Vanessa Magnanimo
Summary: The paper presents a new method for designing granular phononic crystals for acoustic wave manipulation. It utilizes a discrete element method to model the dynamics of wave propagation through packed elastic spherical particles with an embedded phononic crystal. An optimization strategy is proposed to maximize the useful properties of the granular phononic crystal. Several efficient phononic crystal types are identified. The methodology is of interest for applications such as seismic shielding and selective sound absorption.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Yuxuan Wen, Yida Zhang
Summary: This study introduces the concept of critical fabric surface (CFS) and establishes a single CFS spanning across a wide range of coordination numbers. This provides a new perspective to interpret and model the mechanics of granular soils in both pre- and post-liquefied regimes.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Deyun Liu, Catherine O'Sullivan, J. Antonio H. Carraro
Summary: This study investigates the impact of particle size distribution (PSD) shape on stress transmission in granular materials. By conducting three-dimensional discrete-element method simulations, a wide range of isotropically compressed specimens with spherical particles and different types of PSDs are considered. The stress distribution is analyzed by examining the mean effective particle stresses and the proportion of stress transmitted by particles with different sizes. The results show that there is a correlation between the cumulative distribution of particle sizes and the cumulative distribution of particle sizes by mean effective stress for specimens with continuous PSDs, but this correlation does not hold universally for gap-graded materials. The effective stress distribution among different size fractions in gap-graded materials depends on the size ratio and percentage of finer grains in the specimen, and it is highly sensitive to density.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Shuaifeng Wang, Zixin Zhang, Xin Huang, Qinghua Lei
Summary: The paper proposes a Generalized Block Theory (GBT) to evaluate the stability of blocky rock masses during seismic activities, considering time-varying seismic loads. Results show that seismic loads significantly affect the stability and kinematics of rock blocks during earthquakes, with both P-u and V-u decaying following an inverse power law trend with epicentral distance.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zixin Zhang, Wei Liu, Xin Huang, Shuaifeng Wang
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical behavior of staggeredly fabricated water storage and sewage tunnel using 3D finite element modeling. The study finds that the internal force transmission mechanism in the tunnel is beneficial for deformation control and provides recommendations for practical design and construction.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Miaoyuan Tang, Xin Huang, Shuaifeng Wang, Yixin Zhai, Qianwei Zhuang, Chi Zhang
Summary: This study explores the rock breaking mechanism and cutter-rock interaction during TBM tunneling through simulated cutting experiments. The results show that the distribution of bond breaks and contact stress is related to the penetration depth, while the side force is related to the cutting radius. The cracking features of mudstone are different from hard rocks.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zixin Zhang, Jiayu Li, Shuaifeng Wang, Xin Huang
Summary: This paper provides an in-depth comparison and evaluation of design plans for the construction of Zizhi Tunnel, with a focus on soil reinforcement. The study finds that the stability of the advance core plays a crucial role in the success of tunnel excavation in soft soil.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Deyun Liu, Catherine O'Sullivan, J. Antonio H. Carraro
Summary: Several research studies have found that not all particles in gap-graded soils are actively involved in stress transmission. This study explores the possibility of using dynamic wave propagation tests and small-strain probes to assess the proportion of active particles in a specimen. Numerical simulations and triaxial compression tests were conducted, showing a correlation between the ratio of stiffness values and the proportion of inactive particles. Experimental results also support the idea of estimating the proportion of inactive particles using static and dynamic testing.
JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Peter Adesina, Catherine O'Sullivan, Tokio Morimoto, Masahide Otsubo
Summary: Numerical studies have been conducted to determine the minimum number of particles or system size needed to achieve a representative element volume (REV) in discrete element method (DEM) simulations of granular materials. This study specifically focuses on 2D samples of 2-disc cluster particles with varied particle aspect ratio (AR). The results show that the minimum REV is influenced by packing density, and the repeatability of data improves with increasing sample size. Additionally, the particle AR affects the shearing characteristics and the minimum number of particles required to achieve a REV.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Shuaifeng Wang, Zixin Zhang, Xin Huang, Qinghua Lei
Summary: The arrival behavior of elastic waves in naturally fractured rocks is investigated through numerical simulations. The study reveals that the angular frequency and fracture stiffness fundamentally control the arrival behavior of waves in the fractured rock. Moreover, the interaction between waves and fractures results in an asynchronous arrival phenomenon of wave energy. The study also identifies two distinct regimes based on the dependency of fractal dimension on the dimensionless angular frequency.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jiachong Xie, Xin Huang, Zixin Zhang, Guolong Jin
Summary: This paper presents a new approach for simulating the localized leakage behavior of segmentally lined tunnels based on a cohesive zone model. It captures both the localized leakage at the lining segment and the hydromechanically coupled seepage behavior at the segmental joints. The proposed approach is verified via a tunnel drainage experiment and yields more accurate results than the existing methods. It is computationally efficient and stable. The paper also highlights the effects of aperture size, stratum permeability, and spatial distribution of drainage holes on the leakage behavior and seepage field, as well as the importance of employing the hydromechanical coupled mechanism at the segment joints.
FRONTIERS OF STRUCTURAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Junpeng Wang, Xin Huang, Jun Xu, Shuaifeng Wang, Guolong Jin, Zixin Zhang
Summary: This study used CT scanning technology, 3D visualization reconstruction, and pore identification algorithms to obtain the pore structure information of two coral reef limestone specimens. The study found that the pore structure of coral reef limestone has obvious directionality and influences its permeability. The results emphasize the importance of considering structural anisotropy when interpreting the properties of coral reef limestone.
MARINE GEORESOURCES & GEOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mudra Chavda, Mohammad Zeeshan, Catherine O'Sullivan, Andrew S. Holmes, Shahid Malik
Summary: Developing accurate positioning systems for the underground environment is challenging, but low-frequency magnetic-induction (MI)-based systems have proved to be effective. However, the positioning range of these systems is limited, and increasing the number of transmitters complicates the system. In this study, a dual-multiplexing technique was proposed to overcome these limitations and efficiently increase the positioning range.
IEEE SENSORS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yeting Zhu, Yanfei Zhu, Elton J. Chen, Yixin Zhai, Rui Min, Bin Tang, Xin Huang
Summary: A synchronous shield tunnelling technology combining advancement and segment fabrication was proposed through the active control of shield thrust system oil pressures. The feasibility and reliability of this technology were evaluated through a large model test platform, with the Shanghai Airport Railway Link Line tunnelling project serving as a demonstration project. The effectiveness of the proposed method and its benefits for future long-distance tunnelling projects were discussed.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qihang Xu, Xin Huang, Baogang Zhang, Zixin Zhang, Junhua Wang, Shuaifeng Wang
Summary: In this paper, a hybrid intelligent model based on long short-term memory (LSTM) is developed to accurately predict the performance of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in tunneling projects. The model combines various layers and techniques to process raw data and improve the fitting quality. It is validated using a large monitoring database from a TBM project in Shenzhen, China. The results show that historical output prediction has the greatest influence on prediction accuracy, followed by ground properties. The model can provide guidance for construction personnel to adjust operational parameters based on predicted TBM performance.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shahid Malik, Catherine O'Sullivan, Thomas Reddyhoff, Daniele Dini, Andrew S. Holmes
Summary: Underground robots have potential applications in various fields, and one critical challenge is accurately estimating their positions. This letter proposes an underground positioning system based on acoustic propagation times and a novel electronic synchronization approach. Experimental results show that the system can estimate the 3-D position of buried sensors with less than ±2.5 cm error within a measurement field of size 50 x 50 x 35 cm.
IEEE SENSORS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Min Yu, Tom Reddyhoff, Daniele Dini, Andrew Holmes, Catherine O'Sullivan
Summary: This article presents a novel method of estimating particle size using acoustic emission (AE) signals induced by axial interface shearing. A test setup is developed to enable axial interface shearing and various parameters are varied to test the acoustic response. Linear regression models are built to correlate AE parameters with particle size, resulting in low fitting errors. The potential application of this technique lies in field testing and in situ characterization of geological deposits.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)