Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kosaku Komiya, Takashi Yamamoto, Hiroki Yoshikawa, Akihiko Goto, Kenji Umeki, Takeshi Johkoh, Kazufumi Hiramatsu, Jun-ichi Kadota
Summary: This study found that factors such as impaired consciousness, daily living activities, hemoglobin levels, and sex were associated with the gravity-dependent distribution of aspiration pneumonia on chest images. However, this distribution did not affect disease prognosis or in-hospital mortality. Impaired consciousness was identified as the most significant predictor of aspiration pneumonia.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Judith Marin-Corral, Sergi Pascual-Guardia, Francesco Amati, Stefano Aliberti, Joan R. Masclans, Nilam Soni, Alejandro Rodriguez, Oriol Sibila, Francisco Sanz, Giovanni Sotgiu, Antonio Anzueto, Katerina Dimakou, Roberta Petrino, Ewoudt van de Garde, Marcos I. Restrepo
Summary: This study analyzed aspiration risk factors, microbiology patterns, and empiric anti-anaerobic use in patients hospitalized with CAP. Results showed that patients with ACAP or CAP/AspRF+ had similar anaerobic flora compared with those without aspiration risk factors, and Gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent in severe ACAP patients. Despite similar microbiological flora between groups, a large proportion of CAP patients received anti-anaerobic antibiotic coverage.
Article
Immunology
Leigh M. Howard, Kathryn M. Edwards, Yuwei Zhu, Carlos G. Grijalva, Wesley H. Self, Seema Jain, Krow Ampofo, Andrew T. Pavia, Sandra R. Arnold, Jonathan A. McCullers, Evan J. Anderson, Richard G. Wunderink, Derek J. Williams
Summary: Clinical features did not reliably distinguish HMPV-associated pneumonia from other pathogens. HMPV-associated pneumonia was less severe than bacterial and adult RSV pneumonia, but was otherwise as or more severe than other common pathogens.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Catia Cilloniz, Raul Mendez, Hector Peroni, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Veronica Rico, Albert Gabarrus, Rosario Menendez, Antoni Torres, Alex Soriano
Summary: The study found that empirically using ceftaroline in hospitalized patients with severe CAP is associated with a decreased risk of in-hospital mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Suzanne Suk Kwan Tso, Ellie Leister, Claire Rebecca Sharp, Jane Heller, Justine S. Gibson
Summary: This study describes the clinical course, culture and susceptibility profiles of dogs and cats mechanically ventilated for tick paralysis. The majority of these cases had concurrent evidence of aspiration pneumonia. Appropriate use of antimicrobials improved outcome. Clinicians should be aware of the development of bacterial pneumonia and select antimicrobials based on culture and susceptibility testing.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Jan O. Friedrich, Elisa Gouvea Bogossian
Summary: In a trial evaluating the efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating community-acquired pneumonia, researchers found a nearly 50% lower 28-day mortality rate in the hydrocortisone group compared to the placebo group. They also observed a higher incidence of septic shock in the placebo group. The trial did not allow the use of open-label glucocorticoids, which may have contributed to the higher mortality rate in the placebo group.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kosaku Komiya, Mari Yamasue, Akihiko Goto, Yuta Nakamura, Kazufumi Hiramatsu, Jun-ichi Kadota, Seiya Kato
Summary: This study aimed to determine HRCT features that can differentiate pulmonary TB from non-TB CAP in elderly patients. The presence of centrilobular nodules, air bronchograms, and cavities and the absence of ground-glass opacities and bronchial wall thickening were significantly associated with pulmonary TB.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Ariana Saatchi, Manon R. Haverkate, Jennifer N. Reid, Salimah Z. Shariff, Marcus Povitz, David M. Patrick, Michael Silverman, Andrew M. Morris, James Mccormack, Fawziah Marra
Summary: This study is the first in Canada to examine the quality of pediatric antibiotic use for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) by agent, dose, and duration. Utilizing first-line agents and shorter treatment courses are targets for antibiotic stewardship.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Naoyuki Miyashita, Yasushi Nakamori, Makoto Ogata, Naoki Fukuda, Akihisa Yamura, Yoshihisa Ishiura
Summary: The study evaluated the applicability of the A-DROP scoring system in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The results showed that the mortality rate and mechanical ventilation rate of COVID-19 patients increased with the severity classified according to the A-DROP scoring system. This relationship was significant in different waves of the COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, the A-DROP scoring system can be used to assess the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Avner Dagan, Danny Epstein, Ahmad Mahagneh, Jeries Nashashibi, Yuval Geffen, Ami Neuberger, Asaf Miller
Summary: This study found that hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by Legionella spp. is independently associated with increased mortality compared to community-acquired pneumonia caused by the same pathogen, possibly due to delayed diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nobuhiro Asai, Yuichi Shibata, Daisuke Sakanashi, Hideo Kato, Mao Hagihara, Yuka Yamagishi, Hiroyuki Suematsu, Hiroshige Mikamo
Summary: There is a difference in the profile and outcomes of patients between clinical trials and real-world medical practice. The study found that pneumonia patients who were eligible for clinical trials had better outcomes than those who were not eligible.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Viasus, Antonella E. F. Simonetti, Lara Nonell, Oscar Vidal, Yolanda Meije, Lucia Ortega, Magdalena Arnal, Marta Bodalo-Torruella, Montserrat Sierra, Alexander Rombauts, Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso, Gemma Blanchart, Carlota Gudiol, Jordi Carratala
Summary: We examined the differences in gene expression profiles in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) who died during hospitalization and those who survived. Whole blood samples were obtained for genome-expression-profile analysis within 24 hours of admission. The study found significant differences in gene expression at hospital admission between patients who died and those who survived. These findings could help identify potential intervention targets and biomarkers for risk stratification.
Article
Respiratory System
Hannah Lawrence, Tricia M. McKeever, Wei Shen Lim, British Thoracic Soc
Summary: The readmission rates for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the UK have increased over the past decade. This study aimed to describe the cohort of patients who were readmitted within 30 days after hospitalisation for CAP in England and explore the reasons for this. A retrospective analysis was performed using data from the British Thoracic Society audit, and it was found that pneumonia was the most common condition treated on readmission and had a higher mortality rate than other diagnoses.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Catia Cilloniz, Cristina Dominedo, Albert Gabarrus, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Jose Becerril, Diego Tovar, Estela Moreno, Juan M. Pericas, Carmen Rosa Vargas, Antoni Torres
Summary: This study aimed to describe the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of MSSA community-acquired pneumonia and found that MSSA CAP patients had higher 30-day mortality than pneumococcal CAP patients, with MSSA being an independent factor of mortality.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jiye Kwon, Yong Kong, Martina Wade, Derek J. Williams, Clarence Buddy Creech, Scott Evans, Emmanuel B. Walter, Judy M. Martin, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Jason G. Newland, Meghan E. Hofto, Mary Allen Staat, Henry F. Chambers, Vance G. Fowler, W. Charles Huskins, Melinda M. Pettigrew
Summary: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common side effect of antibiotics. This study found that the gastrointestinal microbiota in children is associated with AAD. Children with higher levels of Bacteroides are less likely to develop AAD. Children with AAD have higher levels of Lachnospiraceae and experience prolonged dysbiosis.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)