Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luigi Di Filippo, Rebecca De Lorenzo, Andrea Giustina, Patrizia Rovere-Querini, Caterina Conte
Summary: Osteosarcopenic obesity is a clinical condition where low bone and muscle mass coexist in individuals with obesity. Vitamin D plays a key role in maintaining musculoskeletal health and glucose homeostasis. However, there is limited clinical evidence to support the belief that vitamin D improves musculoskeletal health in individuals with osteosarcopenic obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Minna F. Schleu, Beatriz Barreto-Duarte, Maria B. Arriaga, Mariana Araujo-Pereira, Ana Marice Ladeia, Bruno B. Andrade, Maria L. Lima
Summary: The study found that lower levels of VITD are strongly associated with increased insulin resistance in obese women. Different expression profiles of laboratory markers were observed according to 25(OH)D levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guoqing Zhang, Ran Li, Wu Li, Sijia Yang, Qing Sun, Hongping Yin, Cui Wang, Biyu Hou, Huanhuan Wang, Liping Yu, Rucheng Chen, Liyun Shi, Kezhong Zhang, Chong Wee Liew, Guifen Qiang, Qinghua Sun, Cuiqing Liu
Summary: TLR3 plays a crucial role in obesity and metabolic disorders, as demonstrated by the protective effects of TLR3 deficiency against high-fat diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and lipid accumulation. These findings provide new mechanistic links between inflammation and obesity-related metabolic abnormalities in lipid/glucose metabolism.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Emrah Cigri, Funda Catan Inan
Summary: This study found a significant relationship between the development of insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents and low levels of vitamin D. As vitamin D levels increased, anthropometric measurements became more stable and did not increase. Waist circumference was the most effective anthropometric measurement for predicting the development of insulin resistance in obese adolescents and children.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lucia Melguizo-Rodriguez, Victor J. Costela-Ruiz, Enrique Garcia-Recio, Elvira De Luna-Bertos, Concepcion Ruiz, Rebeca Illescas-Montes
Summary: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D has been increasing in developed countries due to lifestyle changes and unhealthy habits. Scientific evidence shows an inverse relationship between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome (MetS), with supplementation helping improve outcomes in individuals with MetS. Maintaining optimal vitamin D concentrations is proposed as a preventive strategy against MetS.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joshua Garfein, Kerry Flannagan, Sheila Gahagan, Raquel Burrows, Betsy Lozoff, Eduardo Villamor
Summary: The study revealed a negative association between serum 25(OH)D at age 1 and childhood BMI, body fat percentage in adolescence, and metabolic syndrome score in adolescence.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Liliane Viana Pires, Esther M. Gonzalez-Gil, Augusto Anguita-Ruiz, Gloria Bueno, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rocio Vazquez-Cobela, Alexandra Perez-Ferreiros, Luis A. Moreno, Angel Gil, Rosaura Leis, Concepcion M. Aguilera
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the association between insulin resistance, cardiometabolic risk factors, and vitamin D in children, highlighting that changes in insulin resistance during puberty are associated with alterations in vitamin D levels, particularly in overweight children.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aesha Shah, William C. Dodson, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Allen R. Kunselman, Christy M. Stetter, Carol L. Gnatuk, Stephanie J. Estes, Kelly C. Allison, David B. Sarwer, Patrick M. Sluss, Christos Coutifaris, Anuja Dokras, Richard S. Legro
Summary: Oral contraceptive pills have a significant impact on the hormones of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, but this does not correlate with live birth.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Xu, Yu-Meng Wang, Wan-Qing Li, Cheng-Long Huang, Jun Li, Wen-Hua Xie, Hong-Xiang Zeng, Lin-Fen Tao, Xi Li
Summary: This study found that Ccrl2 expression is increased in visceral adipose tissue of obese mice. Deletion of Ccrl2 gene exacerbates obesity and insulin resistance, resulting in increased visceral adipose tissue inflammation and M1/M2 macrophage ratio.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Juciane de Abreu Ribeiro Pereira, Maria de Fatima Piccolo Barcelos, Eduardo Valerio Villas Boas, Roberta Hilsdorf Piccoli, Janina de Sales Guilarducci, Rafaela Correa Pereira, Jose Rodrigo Pauli, Eric Batista Ferreira, Michel Cardoso de Angelis-Pereira, Dennys Esper Cintra
Summary: This study found that the combination of yacon flour and yogurt with two strains of probiotics had positive effects on metabolic parameters, inflammatory and insulin signaling proteins in diet-induced obese mice. The combination resulted in decreased body weight, fasting glucose, and triacylglycerol levels, as well as reduced fat accumulation. Additionally, it decreased inflammatory markers and improved insulin signaling. These findings suggest that the use of prebiotics and probiotics in food can counteract obesity-associated inflammation and improve insulin resistance in the short term.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Guang Ren, Patrick Tae Joon Hwang, Reid Millican, Juhee Shin, Brigitta C. Brott, Thomas van Groen, Craig M. Powell, Sushant Bhatnagar, Martin E. Young, Ho-Wook Jun, Jeong-A Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates the effects of using PANO gel to inject exogenous NO on high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and cognitive functions. The use of PANO gel reduces body weight gain, improves glucose tolerance, decreases insulin and leptin levels, and enhances insulin signaling. Additionally, the PANO gel reduces inflammation, increases lipolysis, decreases serum lipids and liver triglycerides, stimulates the development of brown and beige fat tissues, increases cerebral blood flow, and improves learning and memory abilities.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mark C. Renton, Sean L. McGee, Kirsten F. Howlett
Summary: Research reveals that PKD signaling is involved in tissue-specific responses to obesity, including reduced insulin signaling and dysfunction in adipose tissue, liver, and heart.
Article
Immunology
Hui Zhou, Xiyan Liao, Qin Zeng, Haowei Zhang, Jianfeng Song, Wanyu Hu, Xiaoxiao Sun, Yujin Ding, Dandan Wang, Yalun Xiao, Tuo Deng
Summary: Accumulation and activation of immunocytes in adipose tissues are important in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. Chemokines, especially CCL5, play a crucial role in recruiting immunocytes to adipose tissue during obesity. CCL5 deficiency exacerbates adipose inflammation and impairs insulin sensitivity in obese mice. This study provides insights into the role of CCL5 in obesity-induced adipose inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Tatsuo Kawai, Michael Autieri, Rosario Scalia
Summary: Chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue is linked to metabolic disease and organ complications, mainly caused by the secretion of inflammatory substances by adipocytes and infiltration of immune cells. Despite being low-grade, this inflammation negatively impacts remote organ function and is considered a causative factor of obesity-related complications.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiali Yang, Yunhui Ran, Yonghui Yang, Shuyi Song, Yahong Wu, Yuanming Qi, Yanfeng Gao, Guodong Li
Summary: The study found that 4-HIL can inhibit obesity-related insulin resistance by reducing inflammation and regulating the state of macrophages associated with obesity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernanda Velluzzi, Andrea Deledda, Mauro Lombardo, Michele Fosci, Roberto Crnjar, Enzo Grossi, Giorgia Sollai
Summary: This study explores the connection between olfactory function and clinical and nutritional aspects related to overweight or obesity. The results show that 65% of patients exhibit hyposmia. Olfactory scores are negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides levels, but positively correlated with Mediterranean diet scores. Olfactory function is associated with obesity, metabolic disorders, and male gender, while normosmia is linked to adherence to the Mediterranean diet, normal blood pressure, lipids, and glucose levels.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Aikaterini Andreadi, Saverio Muscoli, Rojin Tajmir, Marco Meloni, Alessandro Minasi, Carolina Muscoli, Sara Ilari, Vincenzo Mollace, David Della Morte, Alfonso Bellia, Elena Campione, Nicola Di Daniele, Davide Lauro
Summary: The link between acne and insulin resistance in males has not been studied as extensively as in females, despite the increasing prevalence of acne in adult men. Metformin, a medication that increases insulin sensitivity, may affect the relationship between acne vulgaris and insulin resistance. However, further clinical studies are needed to confirm these assumptions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandra Feraco, Stefania Gorini, Caterina Mammi, Mauro Lombardo, Andrea Armani, Massimiliano Caprio
Summary: This study found that high-fat diet impairs glucose tolerance in mice and that the MR antagonist Spironolactone improves glucose tolerance. The expression of MR protein in skeletal muscle is downregulated by high-fat diet, but this effect can be partially reversed by Spironolactone.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maximilian Andreas Storz, Maria Brommer, Mauro Lombardo, Gianluca Rizzo
Summary: With the increasing adoption of plant-based diets, more and more individuals in the United States are switching from cow milk to plant-based milk alternatives. Soy milk, a common substitute, has higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and fibers. However, there is limited knowledge about soy milk consumption in the US. Using data from NHANES, this study assessed soy milk usage and identified potential predictors for its consumption. The study found that soy milk consumption was reported by 2% of individuals in the NHANES 2015-2016 cycle and 1.54% in the NHANES 2017-2020 cycle. Ethnicity, education level, and physical activity were identified as significant predictors for soy milk consumption.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mauro Lombardo, Alessandra Feraco, Elisabetta Camajani, Massimiliano Caprio, Andrea Armani
Summary: This review evaluated the effects of red wine consumption on health through randomized controlled trials. It found that red wine intake has positive effects on antioxidant status, coagulation pathway, endothelial function, lipid profile, and gut microbiota, but results on hypertension and cardiac function are conflicting. Additional long-term trials are needed to confirm these benefits and assess potential risks.
Article
Cell Biology
Francesca Pacifici, Gina Malatesta, Caterina Mammi, Donatella Pastore, Vincenzo Marzolla, Camillo Ricordi, Francesca Chiereghin, Marco Infante, Giulia Donadel, Francesco Curcio, Annalisa Noce, Valentina Rovella, Davide Lauro, Manfredi Tesauro, Nicola Di Daniele, Enrico Garaci, Massimiliano Caprio, David Della-Morte
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a natural mixture of polyphenols and micronutrients (A5(+)) on counteracting white adipogenesis and promoting fat browning. The results showed that A5(+) significantly reduced lipids accumulation, inhibited cellular proliferation, and decreased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, A5(+) promoted fat browning and fatty acid oxidation by increasing the expression of genes related to brown adipose tissue.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Isaac Amoah, Angela Ascione, Fares M. S. Muthanna, Alessandra Feraco, Elisabetta Camajani, Stefania Gorini, Andrea Armani, Massimiliano Caprio, Mauro Lombardo
Summary: Legumes are nutrient-dense crops with health-promoting benefits, but their consumption is hindered by various barriers. Pre-treatment methods like soaking and sprouting can reduce anti-nutritional factors and cooking time for legumes. Extrusion technology can be used to develop innovative legume-enriched products, while culinary skills such as making legume salads and soups can promote legume consumption. This review highlights the nutritional effects of legume consumption and suggests strategies to improve digestibility and promote intake through educational and culinary approaches.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Saverio Muscoli, Aikaterini Andreadi, Claudia Tamburro, Massimo Russo, Roberto Rosenfeld, Pietro Oro, Mihaela Ifrim, Federica Porzio, Lucy Barone, Francesco Barilla, Davide Lauro
Summary: This retrospective study examined cardiovascular risk factors and specific coronary findings in high-risk immigrant groups from Eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, and South Asia. The results showed variations in cardiovascular disease among different ethnicities, with South Asians being particularly high-risk and other groups having lower cardiovascular risk factors. This study supports the role of genetic influence in these different ethnic communities.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hira Singh, Mauro Lombardo, Abhishek Goyal, Amrender Kumar, Anil Khar
Summary: The intake of diets with higher sodium and lower potassium has been considered a leading factor for the development of hypertension. Among fruits and vegetables, onion could be the ideal option as it contains high potassium content. Therefore, the evaluation of Indian onion cultivars for potassium and sodium content is important for preventing hypertension in the Indian population.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Correction
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hira Singh, Mauro Lombardo, Abhishek Goyal, Amrender Kumar, Anil Khar
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marco Meloni, Aikaterini Andreadi, Ermanno Bellizzi, Laura Giurato, Valeria Ruotolo, Maria Romano, Alfonso Bellia, Luigi Uccioli, Davide Lauro
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary diabetic foot team (MDFT) in the management of in-patients with diabetic foot problems. The results showed that the rate of in-hospital complications (IHCs) in patients managed by MDFT was 8%, and patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and longer wound duration had a higher risk of IHCs.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marco Meloni, Laura Giurato, Aikaterini Andreadi, Ermanno Bellizzi, Alfonso Bellia, Davide Lauro, Luigi Uccioli
Summary: The current study evaluated the effectiveness of PB-MNC therapy as adjuvant treatment for patients with DFUs and NO-CLI. The results showed that adjuvant PB-MNC therapy promoted healing and improved tissue perfusion in patients with NO-CLI and neuro-ischaemic DFUs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanna Flore, Andrea Deledda, Mauro Lombardo, Andrea Armani, Fernanda Velluzzi
Summary: Several studies report that breast cancer survivors tend to have a poor diet and weight gain, but improving lifestyle and nutrition can have important benefits on their health. The Mediterranean diet, known for its multiple beneficial effects, may provide nutraceuticals that could amplify these benefits and influence gene expression. Nutraceuticals could help mitigate adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and the Mediterranean diet could also be an easy-to-follow option for managing excess weight.
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mauro Lombardo, Alessandra Feraco, Gianluca Rizzo
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rossella Menghini, Viviana Casagrande, Stefano Rizza, Massimo Federici
Summary: High blood sugar strongly affects endothelial function and activation, increasing the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), a class of drugs aimed at lowering blood glucose levels, show potential in improving endothelium damage and cardiovascular disease progression. They have direct favorable actions on coronary vascular endothelium, such as reducing oxidative stress and increasing nitric oxide. Further research is needed to understand the specific role of GLP-1RA in cardiovascular disease management and identify cellular targets involved in protective signal transmission.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2023)