Article
Environmental Sciences
Stepan Vesely, Torsten Masson, Parissa Chokrai, Anna M. Becker, Immo Fritsche, Christian A. Kloeckner, Lorenza Tiberio, Giuseppe Carrus, Angelo Panno
Summary: The research shows that people's connectedness to nature, environmental self-identity, and identification with groups supporting climate-friendly behavior are strongly linked to pro-environmental intentions and behaviors, while identification with groups unrelated to the environment and place identity have weaker effects.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yoon-Myung Kim, Yena Lee, Yunha Choi, In Hee Choi, Sun Hee Heo, Jung Min Choi, Hyo-Sang Do, Ja-Hyun Jang, Mi-Sun Yum, Han-Wook Yoo, Beom Hee Lee
Summary: Genetic features of lateralized overgrowth were identified using targeted exome sequencing. Propranolol can help reduce vascular symptoms, while a PIK3CA inhibitor is the primary therapeutic strategy for PIK3CA-related overgrowth syndrome.
BMC MEDICAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pengfei Zhang, Zhiwei Jiang, Zhoulong Fan, Guoshuai Li, Qingxue Ma, Jun Huang, Jinghong Tang, Xiaohua Xu, Jin-Quan Yu, Zhong Jin
Summary: An efficient macrocyclization strategy via Pd-catalysed remote meta-C-H olefination using an indolyl template is disclosed, enabling the synthesis of macrocyclic compounds such as macrolides and coumarins. The intermolecular meta-C-H olefination is also demonstrated, achieving the synthesis of the antitumor drug belinostat from readily available benzenesulfonyl chloride. Furthermore, the formation of a macrocyclophane cyclopalladated intermediate is detected through in situ Fourier-transform infrared monitoring experiments and ESI-MS.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rikke Meyer, Kenneth Skov, Inderjeet Kaur Dhillon, Emilie Olsson, Niels Albert Graudal, Lone Baandrup, Gesche Juergens
Summary: Recommendations for duration of treatment with antipsychotics before considering a switch range from 2 to 8 weeks. This study estimated the time to onset and maximum antipsychotic effect of asenapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and zotepine. The results showed that the antipsychotic effect of these medications begins to show after one week, reaches its peak at three weeks, and levels off by the sixth week.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yulong Li, Chuang Wu, Xiaogang Zhang, Yan Ran, Genbao Zhang
Summary: Early failure is a key factor limiting the improvement of electromechanical product reliability. However, there are shortcomings in the research on early failure mechanism, including the inability of traditional methods to reflect the characteristics of electromechanical products, ignorance of differences between mechanical and electronic systems, confusion between failure causes and modes, and lack of quantitative analysis capabilities.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Priyankar Dey, Saumya Ray Chaudhuri
Summary: The abundance of gut commensals has been associated with health-promoting effects, but the definition of good or bad microbiota depends on specific conditions. The interaction between host-microbiota and microbe-microbe determines the beneficial or pathogenic nature of microbiota. Emerging evidence suggests that gut bacteria, which are commonly considered beneficial, can promote opportunistic infections. This review summarizes the concepts behind the occasional transformation from commensal to pathogenic state of gut bacteria. It discusses relevant clinical and experimental studies on commensal overgrowth and bacteraemia. Three key processes and their underlying mechanisms responsible for the opportunistic nature of commensals are summarized, including improved colonisation fitness, pathoadaptive mutations, and evasion of host immune response. Overall, this review provides an updated concept summary on the underlying mechanisms of disease causative events driven by gut commensal bacteria.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Alessio Maria Monteleone, Francesca Pellegrino, Giovanni Croatto, Marco Carfagno, Anja Hilbert, Janet Treasure, Tracey Wade, Cynthia M. Bulik, Stephan Zipfel, Phillipa Hay, Ulrike Schmidt, Giovanni Castellini, Angela Favaro, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Jae Il Shin, Ulrich Voderholzer, Valdo Ricca, Davide Moretti, Daniele Busatta, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Filippo Ciullini, Giammarco Cascino, Francesco Monaco, Christoph U. Correll, Marco Solmi
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the treatment efficacy for eating disorders, finding that family-based therapy was more effective in adults and adolescents with anorexia nervosa, while individual cognitive behavioural therapy had the broadest efficacy in adults with bulimia nervosa.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suzia Aktar Suchi, Dae Young Lee, Young Kyun Kim, Seong Soo Kang, Tahmina Bilkis, Jin Cheol Yoo
Summary: Research has shown that the novel antimicrobial peptide YS12 derived from Bacillus velezensis exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It has a synergistic effect when combined with commercial antibiotics and damages bacterial membranes through electrostatic interaction with LPS. Moreover, YS12 possesses anti-inflammatory activity. These properties make YS12 a promising candidate for treating microbial infections and inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Georgios I. Tsironikos, Petros Potamianos, George E. Zakynthinos, Vasiliki Tsolaki, Athina Tatsioni, Alexandra Bargiota
Summary: The study investigates the effectiveness of dietary and/or exercise interventions during pregnancy in preventing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in high-risk pregnant women. The results suggest that lifestyle interventions, especially those including exercise, can effectively prevent GDM in high-risk pregnant women.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Cynthia L. Hsu, Bernd Schnabl
Summary: The trillions of microorganisms in the human intestine play a crucial role in maintaining health, and disruptions in the gut microbial communities can lead to diseases. The gut microbiota has a symbiotic relationship with the gut, liver, and immune system. Environmental factors such as high-fat diets and alcohol consumption can disrupt and alter the microbial communities, resulting in dysfunction of the intestinal barrier, translocation of microbial components to the liver, and the development or progression of liver disease.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Roman Maslennikov, Vladimir Ivashkin, Irina Efremova, Elena Poluektova, Anna Kudryavtseva, George Krasnov
Summary: This study found a relationship between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and gut dysbiosis in patients with cirrhosis. Patients with SIBO had higher levels of Firmicutes and Fusobacteria, and lower levels of Bacteroidetes compared to patients without SIBO. However, gut dysbiosis and SIBO are likely independent disorders in cirrhosis.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jan Pokorny, Denisa Olejnikova, Ivo Frydrych, Barbora Liskova, Sona Gurska, Sandra Benicka, Jan Sarek, Jana Kotulova, Marian Hajduch, Petr Dzubak, Milan Urban
Summary: New substituted dienes synthesized from betulinic acid showed higher cytotoxicity than betulinic acid itself, with compounds 4.22 and 4.39 demonstrating the most promising anti-cancer properties. These compounds induced apoptosis in cancer cells and disrupted the cell cycle, ultimately leading to cell death. Compound 4.22 was identified as the most effective candidate for the development of an anticancer drug based on its superior pharmacological parameters.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Michalina Banaszak, Ilona Gorna, Dagmara Wozniak, Juliusz Przyslawski, Slawomira Drzymala-Czyz
Summary: The gut microbiota consists of microorganisms in the human digestive system, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea, and protozoa. It plays a vital role in digestion, production of short-chain fatty acids, and various physiological functions. Dysbiosis, which refers to an altered composition or number of microorganisms, can lead to inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and metabolic diseases. Further clinical research is needed to understand the pathophysiology, effective treatments, and prevention of gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Chuanxi Jin, Yan Ran, Genbao Zhang
Summary: In this paper, based on meta-action theory, the structural interactions between contemporaneous meta-action (CMA) in the process of reliability comprehensive evaluation are analyzed. Specifically, the reliability coupling mechanism between T-translation-type CMA in conducting reliability comprehensive evaluation of CNC machine tools is investigated. The dynamic models of the target meta-action unit are constructed, and the reliability is calculated using the ALK-MCS method. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed dynamic model and reliability calculation method are verified through numerical simulation and experiment, and the reliability coupling mechanism of T-translation-type CMA under two kinds of frame deformation is analyzed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Amelia J. Scott, Louise Sharpe, Ben Colagiuri
Summary: The study found that there is little reporting on blinding in RCTs of antidepressants, with a high rate of blinding failure. Pharmaceutical company sponsorship predicted the assessment of blinding in trials, with unsponsored trials more likely to evaluate blinding.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)