Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. A. Suaya, M. A. Fletcher, L. Georgalis, A. G. Arguedas, J. M. McLaughlin, G. Ferreira, C. Theilacker, B. D. Gessner, T. Verstraeten
Summary: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is more severe than community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in HAP episodes was summarized in this study. S. pneumoniae was identified in 5.1% of HAP episodes, with higher rates in the intensive care unit.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marya D. Zilberberg, Brian H. Nathanson, Laura A. Puzniak, Andrew F. Shorr
Summary: Study in a large U.S. database explored the epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. Findings revealed that patients with ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia had the highest mortality rate, while ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia incurred the highest costs.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Stephen M. Bart, Daniel Rubin, Peter Kim, John J. Farley, Sumathi Nambiar
Summary: Recent analysis of Phase 3 noninferiority trials for hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia revealed higher 28-day all-cause mortality rates among ventilated patients. Factors such as age, residence, diagnosis, and bacterial infection type were associated with mortality risk. A. baumannii infections were more common in Eastern European and Asia/Pacific participants with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ivan Titov, Richard G. Wunderink, Antoine Roquilly, Daniel Rodriguez Gonzalez, Aileen David-Wang, Helen W. Boucher, Keith S. Kaye, Maria C. Losada, Jiejun Du, Robert Tipping, Matthew L. Rizk, Munjal Patel, Michelle L. Brown, Katherine Young, Nicholas A. Kartsonis, Joan R. Butterton, Amanda Paschke, Luke F. Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam and piperacillin/tazobactam had similar efficacy in treating hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam showed favorable safety profile in treating HABP/VABP patients.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jehad S. S. Abdalla, May Albarrak, Almunther Alhasawi, Tariq Al-Musawi, Basem M. M. Alraddadi, Walid Al Wali, Ashraf Elhoufi, Nervana Habashy, Ashraf M. M. Hassanien, Ayman Kurdi
Summary: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are common healthcare-associated infections, with varying rates and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among pathogens reported in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. A review of literature showed a reduction in VAP rates over time and identified Gram-negative bacteria as the most common pathogens. Rates of AMR, including multidrug resistance (MDR), were reported among Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. In Saudi Arabia, high rates of carbapenem resistance were observed among Gram-negative bacteria. Ventilator utilization ratios varied, indicating the ongoing burden of VAP. Evaluation of prevention, treatment, and surveillance programs is important for managing HAP and VAP.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Anahita Rouze, Saad Nseir
Summary: Although few studies have evaluated the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in COVID-19 patients, several studies have shown a higher incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in these patients. The high incidence of VAP in COVID-19 patients is attributed to factors such as prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation, increased incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and immune-suppressive treatment. VAP is associated with increased mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and ICU length of stay in COVID-19 patients.
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Steven Kwasi Korang, Chiara Nava, Sutharshini Punniyamoorthy Mohana, Ulrikka Nygaard, Janus C. Jakobsen
Summary: Hospital-acquired pneumonia is a common infection in children, but there is currently insufficient evidence to support the superiority of one antibiotic regimen over another. More randomized clinical trials are needed to assess the effects of different antibiotic regimens in children and neonates with hospital-acquired pneumonia.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chia-Hung Chen, Chih-Yen Tu, Wei-Chih Chen, Li-Kuo Kuo, Yao-Tung Wang, Pin-Kuei Fu, Shih-Chi Ku, Wen-Feng Fang, Chin-Ming Chen, Chih-Cheng Lai
Summary: The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cefoperazone-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam in treating HAP and VAP, finding no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two treatments, including clinical cure rate, failure rate, and all-cause mortality rate.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Wei Gao, Julie Passarell, Yogesh T. Patel, Zufei Zhang, Gina Lin, Jill Fiedler-Kelly, Christopher J. Bruno, Elizabeth G. Rhee, Carisa S. De Anda, Hwa-Ping Feng
Summary: An analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between plasma exposure of ceftolozane and tazobactam and efficacy endpoints in patients with hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. The results showed that the recommended dosing regimens of ceftolozane/tazobactam for these patients are effective.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anupop Jitmuang, Soravit Puttinad, Sivaporn Hemvimol, Siri Pansasiri, Navin Horthongkham
Summary: The clinical utility of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel Plus (BFPP) in diagnosing hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was evaluated. The BFPP showed excellent diagnostic sensitivity, but limitations were observed in detecting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and certain bacteria.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Richard G. Wunderink, Antoine Roquilly, Martin Croce, Daniel Rodriguez Gonzalez, Satoshi Fujimi, Joan R. Butterton, Natasha Broyde, Myra W. Popejoy, Jason Y. Kim, Carisa De Anda
Summary: Tedizolid demonstrated noninferiority to linezolid in terms of day 28 all-cause mortality in the treatment of gram-positive ventilated HABP/VABP, but noninferiority was not demonstrated for investigator-assessed clinical cure at test of cure. Both drugs were well tolerated.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Javier de-Miguel-Diez, Rodrigo Jimenez-Garcia, Valentin Hernandez-Barrera, Jose M. de-Miguel-Yanes, David Carabantes-Alarcon, Ana Lopez-de-Andres
Summary: The study shows that the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia is significantly higher in COPD patients compared to non-COPD patients in Spain, mainly due to non-ventilator-associated pneumonia. The incidence is higher in men than in women, with no significant difference in in-hospital mortality rates between COPD and non-COPD patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ruoran Wang, Jing Zhang, Min He, Jianguo Xu
Summary: This study explored the risk factors of hospital acquired pneumonia in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and developed an efficient predictive model to evaluate the possibility of pneumonia during hospitalizations.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Avner Dagan, Danny Epstein, Ahmad Mahagneh, Jeries Nashashibi, Yuval Geffen, Ami Neuberger, Asaf Miller
Summary: This study found that hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by Legionella spp. is independently associated with increased mortality compared to community-acquired pneumonia caused by the same pathogen, possibly due to delayed diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Elham Roohelhami, Seyed Hossein Ardehali, Elham Makiabadi, Zahra Vahdat Shariatpanahi
Summary: In this study, the possibility of using bovine colostrum supplementation for managing hospital-acquired infections in critically ill patients was investigated. The results showed that patients in the colostrum group had higher serum levels of CD4 and CD8 proteins and an increase in lymphocytes compared to the control group. Additionally, the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and clostridium difficile diarrhea was significantly lower in the colostrum group.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Guillaume Fond, Vanessa Pauly, Marc Leone, Veronica Orleans, Alexandra Garosi, Christophe Lancon, Pascal Auquier, Karine Baumstarck, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Laurent Boyer
Summary: This study examined whether bipolar disorder (BD) patients with COVID-19 have an increased risk of mortality. It found that patients with BD had a higher mortality rate, which was more pronounced in younger and socioeconomically disadvantaged patients.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Adrien Bougle, Sophie Tuffet, Laura Federici, Marc Leone, Antoine Monsel, Thomas Dessalle, Julien Amour, Claire Dahyot-Fizelier, Francois Barbier, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Olivier Langeron, Bernard Cholley, Julien Pottecher, Tarik Hissem, Jean-Yves Lefrant, Benoit Veber, Matthieu Legrand, Alexandre Demoule, Pierre Kalfon, Jean-Michel Constantin, Alexandra Rousseau, Tabassome Simon, Arnaud Foucrier
Summary: In the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA-VAP), there is no difference in the composite or separate outcomes between short- and long-duration antibiotic treatments.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Matthieu Vasse, Marc Leone, Laurent Boyer, Pierre Michelet, Yvain Goudard, Michael Cardinale, Raphael Paris, Jean Philippe Avaro, Pascal Alexandre Thomas, Henri de Lesquen
Summary: This study aimed to assess compliance with protocols in penetrating thoracic trauma on admission to a level I trauma centre and determine whether compliance impacts morbidity and mortality. The implementation of a trauma system was associated with better compliance to European recommendations and improved outcomes for severe trauma patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND EMERGENCY SURGERY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Catia Cilloniz, Antoni Torres
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Catia Cilloniz, Anna Motos, Tatiana Castaneda, Albert Gabarrus, Ferran Barbe, Antoni Torres
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rocco Mazzolini, Irene Rodriguez-Arce, Laia Fernandez-Barat, Carlos Pinero-Lambea, Victoria Garrido, Agustin Rebollada-Merino, Anna Motos, Antoni Torres, Maria Jesus Grillo, Luis Serrano, Maria Lluch-Senar
Summary: Engineered bacteria have been developed to effectively treat lung infections and dissolve biofilms associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia. These bacteria have been genetically modified to target and kill harmful bacteria in the lungs, providing a potential new treatment option for respiratory infections.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema, Amna Siddiqui, Sidhant Ochani, Alishba Adnan, Mahnoor Sukaina, Ramsha Haider, Abia Shahid, Mohammad Ebad Ur Rehman, Rehmat Ullah Awan, Harpreet Singh, Natalie Duric, Brigitta Fazzini, Antoni Torres, Tamas Szakmany
Summary: A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of awake prone positioning (APP) in non-intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and to identify the subpopulations that may benefit the most from it. The results showed that APP reduced the risk of intubation in the overall population, especially in patients requiring higher levels of respiratory support in an ICU setting, but did not decrease the overall mortality risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Antoni Torres, Blin Nagavci, Stefano Aliberti, Massimo Antonelli, Matteo Bassetti, Lieuwe Bos, James Chalmers, Lennie Derde, Jan de Waele, Jose Garnacho-Montero, Marin Kollef, Carlos Luna, Rosario Menendez, Michael Niederman, Dimitry Ponomarev, Marcos Restrepo, David Rigau, Marcus Schultz, Emmanuele Weiss, Tobias Welte, Richard Wunderink
Summary: The ERS, ESICM, ESCMID and ALAT have developed the first international guidelines for severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP). These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis, empirical treatment and antibiotic therapy for sCAP.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Ines Lakbar, Sharon Einav, Nathalie Lalevee, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Bruno Pastene, Marc Leone
Summary: Sex and gender dimorphisms are observed in various diseases, including sepsis and septic shock, with a higher prevalence in men. Animal models indicate that females and males have different responses to pathogens, mainly due to sex polarization of intracellular pathways. Sex hormones play a role in this polarization, but further research is needed to investigate other factors.
Review
Microbiology
Alexis Garduno, Rachael Cusack, Marc Leone, Sharon Einav, Ignacio Martin-Loeches
Summary: It is evident that delayed admission of sepsis and septic shock patients to hospitals contributes to poor outcomes and high fatalities worldwide. The current diagnostic procedure is inaccurate and often delayed, while the immune response in sepsis involves cytokine storm and changes in immune cell proportions. This review explores the potential use of multi-omics data integration and immunological profiling at the single-cell level to define endotypes in sepsis and septic shock, as well as the parallels with cancer and immunosuppression, sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, and endothelial damage. The added value of transcriptomic-driven endotypes for inferring regulatory interactions and measuring clinical response in ICU will also be assessed.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Antoni Torres, Michele Wible, Margaret Tawadrous, Paurus Irani, Gregory G. Stone, Alvaro Quintana, Dmitri Debabov, Margaret Burroughs, Patricia A. Bradford, Marin Kollef
Summary: This post hoc analysis provides evidence of the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime/avibactam in patients with infections caused by beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative pathogens.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Antoni Torres, Alona Kuraieva, Gregory G. Stone, Catia Cilloniz
Summary: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for a variety of problematic infections in the community and healthcare settings, including pneumonia, with severe disease and high mortality rates. Ceftaroline fosamil has been shown to be a possible alternative treatment for MRSA pneumonia.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Matthieu Rossi, Louis Delamarre, Gary Duclos, Ines Lakbar, Emmanuelle Hammad, Charlotte Arbelot, Laurent Zieleskiewicz, Marc Leone
Summary: Compliance with the PCT protocol for VAP treatment was assessed in this study, with a compliance rate of 58%. Noncompliance was mainly due to lack of PCT measurements. Higher compliance was observed in medical patients and those admitted for SARS-CoV-2 infection, while compliance regarding antibiotic therapy interruption based on PCT was lower on weekends and holidays.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian Ceccato, Marta Camprubi-Rimblas, Lieuwe D. J. Bos, Pedro Povoa, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Carles Forne, Aina Areny-Balaguero, Elena Campana-Duel, Luis Morales-Quinteros, Sara Quero, Paula Ramirez, Mariano Esperatti, Antoni Torres, Lluis Blanch, Antonio Artigas
Summary: The measurement and dynamics of Pancreatic Stone Protein (PSP) do not contribute to the early diagnosis of Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
Article
Microbiology
Rosario Menendez, Antoni Torres, Pedro Pablo Espana, Jose Alberto Fernandez-Villar, Jose Maria Marimon, Raul Mendez, Catia Cilloniz, Mikel Egurrola, Maribel Botana-Rial, Maria Ercibengoa, Cristina Mendez, Isabel Cifuentes, Bradford D. Gessner
Summary: This study describes the evolution and distribution of serotypes in adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Spain, showing that serotypes included in the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) are the predominant causes of pneumococcal CAP.
