Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Diana Alves, Tania Grainha, Maria Olivia Pereira, Susana Patricia Lopes
Summary: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a persistent problem in hospitals, resulting in inadequate treatment, high mortality, and prolonged hospital stays. The endotracheal tube (ETT) is the main cause of VAP due to microbial colonization and biofilm formation by various pathogens. Research on antimicrobial ETT surface coating/modification approaches has been conducted to address this issue. This review provides an overview of the relevance of the ETT biofilms in VAP and the technological advancements in antimicrobial ETT materials. Rating: 8/10
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xuemeng Chen, Xiaomei Ling, Gaowang Liu, Jinfang Xiao
Summary: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and serious nosocomial infection in mechanically ventilated patients. Recent studies have shown that tracheal intubation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of VAP, primarily through rapid colonization of the tracheal intubation surface by microbiota. Antibiotics are ineffective against microbial airway colonization, thus antimicrobial coating materials offer new solutions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nursing
Ozlem Soyer Er, Meryem Yavuz Van Giersbergen, Sefa Celik
Summary: This study aims to analyze the effect of endotracheal tube cuff pressure control measures on the microaspiration of stomach contents by measuring the level of pepsin in deep tracheal aspiration. Through a single-blind, randomized controlled trial with 56 patients, the impact of different control measures on microaspiration and the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia will be examined, as well as identifying the most appropriate cuff pressure control method. The results of this study are significant for future applications of pepsin level as a biomarker in the treatment and follow-up of mechanically ventilated patients and highlight the importance of multidisciplinary research.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Lavinia Marcut, Veronica Manescu (Paltanea), Aurora Antoniac, Gheorghe Paltanea, Alina Robu, Aurel George Mohan, Elena Grosu, Iuliana Corneschi, Alin Danut Bodog
Summary: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a common hospital infection that has a high mortality rate and prolonged hospitalization time. The endotracheal tube is a major cause of this pneumonia due to its surface being colonized by different pathogens. This paper discusses the definition, economic burdens, and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia, as well as the latest technological solutions for endotracheal tube surfaces. The analysis concludes by identifying research gaps and exploring future possibilities for reducing ventilator-associated pneumonia cases and improving patient comfort.
Article
Infectious Diseases
D-L Pen, G-F Yan, L-Y He, W-L Yan, W-M Chen, J. Liu, J-Y Ying, C-Q Wang, G-P Lu
Summary: This study revealed the significant role of bacterial colonization in ventilator circuits in the development of VAP in mechanically ventilated children. Early identification and decontamination of contaminated ventilator circuits may play a crucial role in preventing VAP.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yue Wang, Bingyue Cai, Dalong Ni, Yu Sun, Gang Wang, Hong Jiang
Summary: This study developed a new coating method for endotracheal tubes, which can achieve both antibacterial and antifouling effects. The experiments demonstrated the inhibitory effect of the coating on various bacteria and its ability to prevent biofilm formation. The results also showed good stain resistance and biocompatibility of the coating.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Marta Palau, Estela Munoz, Nieves Larrosa, Xavier Gomis, Ester Marquez, Oscar Len, Benito Almirante, Joan Gavalda
Summary: Biofilm-producing microorganisms are medically crucial and cause 80% of human infections. This study evaluated the efficacy of hyperthermia in preventing biofilm formation in vitro and in a rabbit model. The results showed that hyperthermia can effectively prevent biofilm formation under specific temperature and time conditions.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Ajaya Kumar Gahan, Suksham Jain, Supreet Khurana, Deepak Chawla
Summary: This study compared the effect of closed versus open endotracheal tube suction on the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated neonates. The results showed that the choice of suction method did not significantly impact the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a unit with a low incidence of this condition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Jian Zhou, Jingqian Zhou, Yan Hong, Youcheng Wang, Hailong Lin, Leting Huang
Summary: The study evaluated the diagnostic value of ETT-aspirate sTREM-1 and serum C-reactive protein concentrations in neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia (NVAP) among preterm and full-term neonates on mechanical ventilators. The results showed that these indicators may be useful for diagnosing NVAP, especially when combined. Changes in these indicators over ventilation days were also observed, providing valuable insights into neonatal recovery processes.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Manar Fathy Al-Sayed, Mohamed Tarek El-Wakad, Mohammed A. Hassan, Ahmed M. Soliman, Amal S. Eldesoky
Summary: This study prepared silver nitrate sol-gel with different concentrations and pH values, and evaluated its antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility. The results showed that a concentration of 0.03496% exhibited the highest effectiveness in inhibiting bacterial colonization, indicating that silver nitrate sol-gel may be a potential preventive measure against VAP.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fang Jung, Shang-Shing P. Chou, Shih-Hsing Yang, Jau-Chen Lin, Guey-Mei Jow
Summary: This study evaluates the use of closed suctioning system in mechanical ventilation, conducting experiments on patients with compromised pulmonary mechanics to determine related parameters, providing reference for clinical treatment.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Erika Alejandra Cifuentes, Maria A. Sierra, Andres Felipe Yepes, Ana Margarita Baldion, Jose Antonio Rojas, Carlos Arturo Alvarez-Moreno, Juan Manuel Anzola, Maria Mercedes Zambrano, Monica G. Huertas
Summary: This study investigated the microbiome of the endotracheal tube (ETT) and found that it mainly consists of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. The composition of the microbiome was associated with the ICU where the patients were hospitalized, but not with the duration of intubation or the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). These findings suggest that the ICU environment or medical practices may influence the colonization of microbial communities in patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Rosemijne R. W. P. Pigmans, Ruud W. van Leuteren, Anouk W. J. Scholten, Chiara Veneroni, Anton H. van Kaam, Jeroen Hutten, Raffaele L. Dellaca, Frans H. C. de Jongh
Summary: This study examined the effects of endotracheal tube (ETT) on respiratory reactance measured with forced oscillation technique (FOT) and developed a correction method. The results showed that the reactance of ETT can be accurately predicted by a fitted formula, with negligible effects from changes in respiratory pattern and lung volume. This study improves the potential of using FOT for lung function testing in mechanically ventilated newborns by providing ETT-independent reactance values.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yiming Li, Yan Lu, Xinmin Tan, Zilong Zhang, Feng Feng, Ruhong Li
Summary: This study investigated the effect of endotracheal tube (ETT) size on airway resistance (RAW) and dynamic lung compliance (COMPL) in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery. The results showed that in the non-pneumoperitoneal state, a smaller ETT internal diameter resulted in higher RAW and lower COMPL. In the pneumoperitoneal state, the ETT size had no effect on COMPL, but the RAW was higher with an ID7.0 ETT compared to an ID8.0 ETT within a certain range.
Article
Immunology
James J. Harrigan, Hatem O. Abdallah, Erik L. Clarke, Arman Oganisian, Jason A. Roy, Ebbing Lautenbach, Emily Reesey, Magda Wernovsky, Pam Tolomeo, Zygmunt Morawski, Jerry Jacob, Michael A. Grippi, Brendan J. Kelly
Summary: Persistent disruption of the lower respiratory tract microbiome, characterized by consecutive days with low Shannon diversity, identifies a high-risk population for lower respiratory tract infection among patients with prolonged critical illness and dependence on mechanical ventilation.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Antonio Messina, Chiara Palandri, Silvia De Rosa, Vinicio Danzi, Efrem Bonaldi, Claudia Montagnini, Sara Baino, Federico Villa, Francesca Sala, Paola Zito, Katerina Negri, Francesco Della Corte, Gianmaria Cammarota, Laura Saderi, Giovanni Sotgiu, Manuel Ignacio Monge Garcia, Maurizio Cecconi
Summary: This study investigated the hemodynamic effects of fluid challenge in the operating room, comparing the infusion times of FC10 and FC20. It found that the infusion time affected fluid responsiveness, with FC10 resulting in higher responsiveness. The effects on flow variables dissipated within 5 minutes after the end of infusion for both FCs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MONITORING AND COMPUTING
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Antonio Messina, Federico Villa, Maurizio Cecconi
Summary: This review examines the hemodynamic approach to different phases of acute ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage, and suggests an integrated management strategy.
CURRENT OPINION IN CRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Federico Villa, Aurora Di Filippo, Andrea Pierantozzi, Armando Genazzani, Antonio Addis, Gianluca Trifiro, Agnese Cangini, Giovanni Tafuri, Daniela Settesoldi, Francesco Trotta
Summary: This study analyzed the prices of orphan drugs and their correlation with the epidemiology of rare diseases in Italy from 2014 to 2019. The results showed that the price of orphan drugs is not influenced by the rarity of the disease, and the sales volume does not correlate with the epidemiology or therapy cost.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Francesca Santicchia, Lucas Armand Wauters, Claudia Tranquillo, Federica Villa, Ben Dantzer, Rupert Palme, Damiano Preatoni, Adriano Martinoli
Summary: Free-living animals use physiological and behavioural responses to cope with environmental stressors. These responses are integrated within a coping style, which may change when exposed to human-induced rapid environmental change. This study found that an invasive alien species disrupts the behavioural syndrome of a native species, but does not influence its coping style.
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jeanna Parsons Leigh, Donna Halperin, Sara J. Mizen, Emily A. FitzGerald, Stephana Julia Moss, Kirsten M. Fiest, Antonia Di Castri, Henry T. Stelfox, Scott Halperin
Summary: This study explored the influence of media and information on individuals' intentions to vaccinate against COVID-19 and found that while many people intended to vaccinate, concerns and hesitancy still exist. Confidence, complacency, and convenience are key factors influencing vaccination intentions.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Medical Informatics
Camilo E. Valderrama, Daniel J. Niven, Henry Stelfox, Joon Lee
Summary: This study aimed to predict abnormal laboratory blood test results in intensive care units (ICUs) by using conditional entropy and conditional probability features. The results showed that the inclusion of these new features significantly improved the predictive performance.
JMIR MEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jacopo Fumagalli, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Vittorio Scaravilli, Francesca Gori, Antonio Pesenti, Alberto Zanella, Giacomo Grasselli
Summary: Evaluation of donor lung function using PaO2/FiO2 measurement is influenced by various factors. Increased FiO2 and reduced mixed venous oxygen saturation during brain dead observation and EVLP can elevate the PaO2/FiO2 ratio. Extrapulmonary factors should be taken into account when assessing graft suitability for transplantation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Cardinali, Giuseppa De Luca, Roberta Tasso, Simona Coco, Anna Garuti, Giulia Buzzatti, Andrea Sciutto, Luca Arecco, Federico Villa, Franca Carli, Daniele Reverberi, Rodolfo Quarto, Mariella Dono, Lucia Del Mastro
Summary: This study investigates PIK3CA mutations in different circulating biomaterials and demonstrates the potential of these components to provide information on molecular targetable profiling. The consistent mutational profiles between extracellular vesicles and tumor cells suggest their association. This study also highlights the translational value of circulome in understanding the tumor heterogeneity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Henry T. Stelfox, Sean M. Bagshaw, Joon Lee, Kirsten M. Fiest
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Antonio Messina, Federico Villa, Giulia Lionetti, Laura Galarza, Geert Meyfroidt, Mathieu van der Jagt, Xavier Monnet, Paolo Pelosi, Maurizio Cecconi, Chiara Robba
Summary: Hemodynamic management and treatment in patients with acute brain injury from cerebrovascular diseases vary largely in clinical practice. Further research is required to provide clear guidelines to physicians for the hemodynamic optimization of this group of patients.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Review
Surgery
Allen Li, Hannah Dreksler, Sudhir K. Nagpal, Timothy Brandys, Prasad Jetty, Luc Dubois, Jeanna Parsons Leigh, Henry T. Stelfox, Daniel I. McIsaac, Derek J. Roberts
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of neuraxial or regional anesthesia compared to general anesthesia on patient outcomes in lower limb revascularization surgery. The study found that the use of neuraxial anesthesia did not significantly reduce short-term mortality in randomized studies, but did reduce adjusted short-term mortality in non-randomized studies. Furthermore, it was associated with fewer pulmonary complications in randomized studies and a lower adjusted odds of morbidity in non-randomized studies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Chiara Robba, Francesca Graziano, Angelo Guglielmi, Paola Rebora, Stefania Galimberti, Fabio Taccone, Giuseppe Citerio, SYNAPSE-ICU Investigators
Summary: This study aims to describe the therapeutical approaches used in managing intracranial hypertension in acute brain injured patients and their association with six months mortality and neurological outcome. The results showed that therapies to control high ICP were frequently used during the first week of ICU admission, especially mild-moderate treatments. In some selected patients, the use of aggressive strategies may be beneficial for the six months mortality but not for neurological outcome.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Antonio Pesenti, Douglas Slobod, Sheldon Magder
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Roberta Tasso, Cansu Gorgun, Davide Ceresa, Raphaelle Lesage, Federico Villa, Daniele Reverberi, Carolina Balbi, Sara Santamaria, Katia Cortese, Paolo Malatesta, Liesbet Geris, Rodolfo Quarto
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Federico Villa, Ambra Costa, Silvia Bruno, Mingchuan Li, Michele Russo, James Cimino, Clarissa Ruggeri, Rodolfo Quarto, Pietro Ameri, Alessandra Ghigo, Silvia Ravera, Bollini Sveva, Roberta Tasso
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
(2022)