Article
Psychiatry
Ester Anton-Galindo, Judit Cabana-Dominguez, Barbara Torrico, Roser Corominas, Bru Cormand, Noelia Fernandez-Castillo
Summary: This study demonstrates the pleiotropic contribution of dopaminergic and serotonergic genes to addiction and related behaviors, such as anxiety, irritability, neuroticism, and risk-taking behavior, highlighting the role of dopamine genes in the co-occurrence of these phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Aleksandra Kleszcz, Paulina Cholewinska, Greta Front, Jakub Pacon, Robert Bodkowski, Marzena Janczak, Tadeusz Dorobisz
Summary: Aggression in dogs is a common cause of abandonment and euthanasia, and recent research has provided a more detailed analysis of this behavior, including the factors influencing aggression such as diet and physiology. New methods in brain research have also contributed to understanding canine behavior, including aggression. Preventing unwanted aggression is possible. Recent studies have focused on the impact of diet and hormones on behavioral disorders, with an emphasis on nutrition additives and the use of neurocognition for diagnosing aggressive behavior.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Joseph M. Leese, Jennifer L. Snekser, Murray Itzkowitz
Summary: The laboratory experiment found that female convict cichlids showed a clear preference for males who had previously won a fight when compared to loser males and novel males. However, they eventually developed a preference for the loser male when paired with a novel male, showing that participation in a fight can make a male more attractive to females.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhang Chen, Roos Arwen Doekemeijer, Xavier Noel, Frederick Verbruggen
Summary: Loss-chasing is a defining feature of gambling disorder. In real gambling contexts, it can be expressed in the decision of when to stop, how much stake to bet, and the speed of play. A large-scale study using player-tracking data found that after winning, players were less likely to stop and increased their stake amount, indicating win-chasing. After losing, players played more quickly, reflecting an urge to continue gambling.
Article
Pediatrics
Gengli Zhang, Yantong Zhu
Summary: This study aims to explore the relationship between aggressive parenting and behavioral problems among Chinese preschoolers. The findings reveal that higher frequencies of parental psychological and physical aggression are associated with high levels of behavioral problems among preschoolers.
Article
Political Science
Richard Nadeau, Jean-Francois Daoust, Ruth Dassonneville
Summary: Citizens who voted for a winning party are more satisfied with democracy, and this satisfaction varies with the quality of electoral democracy. In well-established electoral democracies, the gap between winners and losers is narrower, as both losers and winners have different levels of satisfaction. This finding has significant implications for healthy democratic systems.
Article
Economics
Erik S. Katovich
Summary: Natural resource discoveries pose challenges for governments due to delays and uncertain outcomes. This study examines the impacts of offshore oil discoveries in Brazil on local public finances, public goods provision, and politics. The findings show that municipalities where discoveries are realized experience significant growth in revenues and spending, but do not see improvements in public goods provision or economic activity. On the other hand, municipalities that only receive discovery announcements without windfalls suffer long-term declines in revenues, investment, and public goods provision. Electoral responses and mismanagement of windfalls are found to underlie these dynamics.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xia Wu, Yi-nan Jiang, Yue-lun Zhang, Jia Chen, Yue-ying Mao, Lu Zhang, Dao-bin Zhou, Xin-xin Cao, Jian Li
Summary: Physicians' personalities and behavioral traits can influence treatment-related decision-making for elderly AML patients, depending on their professional titles. Junior physicians with higher levels of extraversion or conscientiousness tend to prescribe more intensive therapy, while senior physicians' decisions are not significantly impacted by their personal traits.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Duc Tin Le, Son Van Huynh, Truong Vuong Vu, Nhu-Thuyen Dang-Thi, Bao-Tran Nguyen-Duong, Kiet Anh Duong, Tan Ngan Mai, Thanh Nhon Huynh, Phuc Tan Mai, Vinh-Long Tran-Chi
Summary: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between personality traits and verbal or physical aggression in Vietnamese adolescents. The findings indicated a significant interaction between personality traits, specifically extraversion and neuroticism, and physical aggression, verbal aggression, and anger. Gender and school year also influenced personality traits. Importantly, physical and verbal aggression mediated the relationship between personality traits and aggressive behavior.
PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH AND BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Economics
Mario Lackner, Michael Weichselbaumer
Summary: This study uses high-volume data from professional tennis to estimate the causal effect of past on current performance for women and men. Double faults are utilized as exogenous shocks to past performance to identify this effect. The findings show that men do not react significantly to near setbacks in the past, while women perform considerably worse after near setbacks. The heterogeneity analysis reveals different effects depending on experience, ability, and the intermediate score. The results are robust to several sensitivity checks and suggest that gender differences in negative psychological momentum may explain the findings.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dimitrije Cabarkapa, Michael A. Deane, Andrew C. Fry, Grant T. Jones, Damjana Cabarkapa, Nicolas M. Philipp, Daniel Yu
Summary: This study aimed to examine differences in game-related statistical parameters between NBA regular and post-season periods and to identify the variables that have the greatest contribution in discriminating between winning and losing game outcomes. The findings suggest that NBA teams' playing style changes when transitioning from the regular to post-season period, becoming more conservative due to greater defensive pressure. Field goal percentage and defensive rebounding were the key statistics that could discriminate between winning and losing game outcomes. Overall shooting efficiency also played a significant role in determining game results.
Article
Ecology
Lauren M. M. Harrison, Regina Vega-Trejo, Michael D. D. Jennions
Summary: Fight outcomes can impact male fitness and their investment into mating effort and ejaculates. We manipulated the experiences of male Gambusia holbrooki in terms of winning or losing to test how prior experiences affect these investments. Winners had better precopulatory outcomes than losers, but there were no differences in total sperm counts or sperm velocity. Absolute male size mediated the effect of winner-loser experiences on time spent with a female, suggesting a size-dependent response to social experiences.
AMERICAN NATURALIST
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Angela del Castillo-Izquierdo, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: The composition of the human gut microbiota is influenced by environmental and host factors, including diet, drugs, geography, sanitation, age, and sexual development. The impact of gender on the gut microbiota is minimal before and after adulthood, but significant during adulthood. Adult women have higher abundances of certain bacteria in their gut microbiota compared to men, while adult men have higher abundances of other bacteria, particularly associated with a diet rich in animal proteins. The gut microbiota of women becomes more similar to men after menopause. The gut microbiota is also linked to the levels of sexual hormones and their precursors in blood, and can participate in the metabolism of these hormones.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Farid Chekani, James Pike, Eddie Jones, Joseph Husbands, Rezaul K. Khandker
Summary: The study found that specific neurobehavioral symptoms in dementia, particularly those involving agitation/aggression and psychosis, have a negative impact on healthcare resource use, patient quality of life, and caregiver burden. This suggests the importance of identifying and addressing these symptom clusters in dementia care to improve outcomes for patients and caregivers.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Ornithology
Gavin M. Leighton, Dominique Lamour, Khalil Malcolm, Eliot T. Miller
Summary: This study shows that bill length, in addition to body mass, is a predictor of dominance in bird species. Furthermore, the proportion of intraspecific fights also influences interspecific dominance.
JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Ryan L. Earley, Chung-Kai Lu, I-Han Lee, Stephanie C. Wong, Yuying Hsu
FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Zoology
Cheng-Yu Li, Yusan Yang, Pey-Yi Lee, Yuying Hsu
FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Biology
Cheng-Yu Li, Ryan L. Earley, Shu-Ping Huang, Yuying Hsu
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2014)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Cheng-Yu Li, Yung-Che Tseng, Yu-Ju Chen, Yusan Yang, Yuying Hsu
BEHAVIOURAL PROCESSES
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cheng-Yu Li, Joshua R. Steighner, Garrett Sweatt, Tod R. Thiele, Scott A. Juntti
Summary: CRISPR/Cas system allows manipulation of genes in various model organisms. This study developed protocols for CRISPR-edited cichlids and created a useful mutant line, enabling fast and accurate gene editing. Manipulating the Tyrosinase gene not only optimizes gene editing efficiency but also enables visualization of subdermal structures and fluorophores.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Mei Wang, Lin Chen, Zhixiong Zhou, Junzhu Xiao, Baohua Chen, Peihong Huang, Chengyu Li, Yaguo Xue, Ruoting Liu, Yulin Bai, Mengzhen Yan, Shuimu Hu, Yinru Dai, Chenyu Yang, Xiaoqing Zou, Zou Jiang, Jianxin Feng, Tao Zhou, Peng Xu
Summary: The present study provides insights into the genetic network and underlying mechanisms of early sex determination and gonadal differentiation in C. carpo. Differential expression genes related to sex differentiation and gonadal development were identified, and key time periods for sex determination and differentiation were determined. Functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction analysis further revealed the role of these genes in sex differentiation and gonadal development. The study also showed sexual dimorphism in plasma 17 beta-estradiol and 11-Keto-testosterone levels in C. carpo.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zeyidan Jiapaer, Lingying Zhang, Wanli Ma, Haoqiang Liu, Chengyu Li, Weidong Huang, Shuxuan Shao
Summary: This study presents a novel therapeutic nanoplatform, DSF@CuS, which encapsulates DSF in hollow CuS NPs to achieve in situ chemoselective activation of DSF and hyperthermal amplified chemotherapy. The combination of DSF@CuS and photothermal therapy significantly promotes apoptosis of CT26 colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cheng-Yu Li, Karli Lawrence, John Merlo-Coyne, Scott A. Juntti
Summary: Pheromones, such as PGF(2 alpha), are vital in reproductive processes in multiple species. The hormones are necessary for pheromone signaling, however, the specific signaling pathways can be different across species. Our study using Astatotilapia burtoni found that adult males strongly prefer odors of fertile females and the attractiveness is mediated through a yet-undiscovered pheromone derived from PGF(2 alpha) metabolism. Unlike zebrafish, A. burtoni males do not exhibit sensitivity to PGF(2 alpha), but prefer females injected with PGF(2 alpha), indicating a different signaling mechanism.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cheng-Yu Li, Chun-Ying Pan, Yuying Hsu
Summary: The outcomes of recent fights can affect individuals' contest decisions and their fighting ability in relation to their growth rate. This study focused on the variation of winner-loser effects in individuals of a species based on their age-dependent growth rates. It was found that fast-growing individuals were less likely to detect winner-loser effects and the effects decayed more quickly. Additionally, fast-growing individuals displayed stronger winner effects but not loser effects. These findings suggest that individuals respond to their contest experiences in a way that reflects the value of the information obtained, consistent with the predictions.
Article
Zoology
Jessica M. Bowers, Cheng-Yu Li, Coltan G. Parker, Molly E. Westbrook, Scott A. Juntti
Summary: Pheromones are chemical signals used by animals for communication, particularly in reproduction and social behavior. Understanding the mechanisms and physiological regulation of pheromone sensing provides insight into how animals process these important cues. This review focuses on hormones that regulate pheromonal communication across vertebrates, including fish, amphibians, and rodents, and explores their effects on peripheral olfactory organs and the brain. While the primary focus is on fish, other systems are discussed to provide a broader understanding of how hormonal mechanisms function across different taxa.
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)