Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Touijer Hanane, Benchemsi Najoua, Hamdi Salsabil, Janati Idrissi Abdellatif, Bousta Dalila, Irfan Ahmad, Sayyad Ali Raza BukharI, Muhammad Irfan, Lijing Chen, Bekkari Hicham
Summary: This study found that yeast strains isolated from the dung of ruminants and the gut of coprophagous insects can produce cellulases and other hydrolytic enzymes. They are also able to utilize various carbon sources and tolerate high concentrations of glucose, salt, and ethanol.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Esteban Amador Morilla, Antonela Taddia, Maximiliano Sortino, Gisela Tubio
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of filamentous fungi consortiums to produce hydrolytic enzymatic cocktails on lignocellulosic biomass. Two fungi, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus oryzae, were selected and inoculated simultaneously in solid-state fermentation. The mixed culture showed enhanced enzyme activities compared to monoculture, demonstrating the promising alternative of using microbial consortiums to obtain enzymatic cocktails with high synergism.
BIOENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qin Miao, Xiaoling Zhang, Yitong Wang, Xiaoqi Li, Zheng Wang, Lingmin Tian, Lingbo Qu, Yongjun Wei
Summary: Diverse pectinolytic enzymes play a significant role in various industries and account for a significant portion of the global industrial enzyme demands. This study successfully identified and characterized new pectinolytic enzymes from lignocellulose-degrading microbiota derived from pulp and paper wastewater. The findings suggest the potential of these enzymes for industrial applications, contributing to the sustainable utilization of lignocellulose.
Review
Microbiology
Ana Laura Totti Benatti, Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli
Summary: Human population growth, industrialization, and globalization have caused severe climate and environmental crisis. Lignocellulolytic enzymes are proposed as a sustainable alternative to mitigate the impact of human activities on the environment. These enzymes can break down lignocellulosic biomass into different monomer units, enabling bioconversion into various products and applications in diverse industries.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Abidemi Oluranti Ojo, Olga de Smidt
Summary: Lactic acid (LA) is widely used in various industries. The demand for LA production has increased due to the growing demand for polylactic acid. Fermentative LA production using lignocellulosic materials offers a cheaper and more sustainable alternative. This review focuses on topics such as low-cost materials, pretreatment methods, enzymatic hydrolysis, lactic acid-producing microorganisms, and fermentation modes.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Edwin Jorge Vega-Portalatino, Miriam Marleni Rosales-Cuentas, Jaime Valdiviezo-Marcelo, Nancy Maribel Arana-Torres, Luis Alfredo Espinoza-Espinoza, Luz Arelis Moreno-Quispe, Heber Peleg Cornelio-Santiago
Summary: Endophytic and epiphytic bacteria and fungi associated with macroalgae produce bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties and synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes. These compounds can inhibit pathogenic microorganisms affecting aquaculture, public health, and the food industry. Additionally, these microorganisms have the potential to be applied in various industries such as food, pharmaceutical, paper, chemical, textile, and cosmetic industries.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kavya Dashora, Meghana Gattupalli, Zoya Javed, Gyan Datta Tripathi, Ruchi Sharma, Mansi Mishra, Atul Bhargava, Shilpi Srivastava
Summary: Lignocellulosic materials, such as wheat straw and wood shavings, are an important component of plant biomass. Scientists are exploring the use of fungal biotechnology for lignocellulose degradation, with recent advances in molecular biotechnology, lignin valorization, and characterization of enzyme diversity through 'omics' techniques.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pedro E. G. Loureiro, Sonia M. S. Cadete, Radina Tokin, Dmitry V. Evtuguin, Henrik Lund, Katja S. Johansen
Summary: Enzymatic processes offer energy-efficient and reagent-saving alternatives to traditional chemical routes in the production of dissolving pulp for regenerated cellulosic fibres. Enzymes can control the purity and molecular weight of dissolving pulp, with endoglucanases effectively reducing cellulose molecular weight and increasing reactivity for viscose production. Additionally, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases synergistically modify bleached dissolving pulp along with endoglucanases, showing promising results for pulp quality improvement.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Dan-dan Li, Zheng Zhang, Jia-ning Wang, Peng Zhang, Ya Liu, Yue-zhong Li
Summary: Complex polysaccharides such as cellulose, xylan, and chitin are primarily degraded by microorganisms in nature, but their global distribution and responsible enzymes remain poorly understood. Through large-scale sequence alignments, it was found that almost all prokaryotic communities have the potential to degrade cellulose, xylan, and chitin. The abundance and diversity of these enzyme systems vary across different environments and taxonomic sources. Most genera with degradation potentials are narrowly distributed in specific communities. This study provides a preliminary panorama of cellulose-, xylan-, and chitin-degrading enzymatic systems across global prokaryotic communities.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Fengting Qu, Hanpeng Cheng, Ziyi Han, Zimin Wei, Caihong Song
Summary: The study aimed to understand the factors influencing the abundance of lignocellulose degrading enzyme genes during rice straw composting. Two strains, b4 (Bacillus subtilis) and z1 (Aspergillus fumigatus), were inoculated and three composting groups were established. Inoculation increased the abundance of lignocellulose degrading enzyme genes, promoting lignocellulose decomposition. Modular microorganisms, including Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes, were identified as driving factors influencing gene abundance. pH, organic matter, and soluble sugar content affected gene abundance by influencing the modular microorganisms. A potential priming effect was suggested based on these driving factors. This study provides theoretical guidance for enhancing lignocellulose degradation by regulating the abundance of lignocellulose degrading enzyme genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Tereza Hammerschmiedt, Jiri Holatko, Marek Sudoma, Antonin Kintl, Jan Vopravil, Pavel Ryant, Petr Skarpa, Maja Radziemska, Oldrich Latal, Martin Brtnicky
Summary: This study found that the use of biochar-enriched digestate significantly increased soil microbial biomass, soil C:N ratio, fresh above ground biomass, and root biomass. Elemental sulphur-enriched digestate resulted in the highest arylsulfatase and phosphatase, increased urease, microbial biomass in soil, and root biomass. The amendment of digestate + biochar + sulphur led to the significantly highest total soil carbon, microbial biomass, fi-glucosidase, urease, and increased C:N ratio, arylsulfatase in soil, and root biomass, mitigating the adverse effect of either biochar or elemental sulphur on soil respiration. Properties of digestates were apparently affected by pre-incubation, and this approach in digestate fertilizer production may contribute to sustainable farming.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nikolajs Vedernikovs, Galina Khroustalyova, Indrikis Muiznieks, Alexander Rapoport
Summary: Studies have shown that the differential catalysis of hemicellulose, leading to its depolymerization and pentose dehydration, can be applied to produce furfural. This process increases furfural yield while decreasing cellulose destruction. The remaining lignocellulosic residue can be enzymatically hydrolyzed to glucose and fermented to ethanol, while the lignin can be used to produce various value-added products. Based on these findings, an innovative concept for the waste-free use of lignocellulose to obtain valuable products is proposed.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Shuhang Zhang, Jingjing Wang, Hong Jiang
Summary: Molasses, a major by-product of sugar industry containing high sugars, can be utilized for microbial production of valuable bioproducts. In recent years, biofuels, polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, organic acids, and enzymes have been successfully produced from molasses through microbial conversion, showing potential applications in food, energy, and pharmaceutical industries.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Parisa Ebrahimbabaie, Kimiya Yousefi, John Pichtel
Summary: Water pollution caused by microplastics has become a significant environmental and public health concern, and effective removal methods are essential. Photocatalysis and microbial degradation technologies show promise in transforming microplastics into water-soluble substances. Future research should focus on developing more effective technologies and methods to improve water pollution control.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Atif Khurshid Wani, Nahid Akhtar, Nafiaah Naqash, Farida Rahayu, Djajadi Djajadi, Chirag Chopra, Reena Singh, Sikandar I. Mulla, Farooq Sher, Heloisa Pine Americo-Pinheiro Juliana
Summary: Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive pollutants in the environment, with increasing accumulation in aquatic, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems due to human activities. These MPs, which degrade slowly, pose a threat to biota by increasing the probability of biomagnification of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances. In order to remediate MP-pollutants, efficient strategies are needed to prevent the leaching of contaminants into water, soil, and eventually into humans. Microorganisms capable of degrading plastic polymers through enzymatic actions have been discovered, and metagenomics is an effective tool for exploring and characterizing these plastic-degrading microbial consortia and enzymes. Combined with metatranscriptomics and metabolomics, metagenomics can identify and select remediation-efficient microbes in their natural habitats. Advances in bioinformatics and sequencing tools enable rapid screening, mining, and prediction of genes involved in polymer degradation. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the growing threat of microplastics globally and emphasizes the role of metagenomics and computational biology in developing effective strategies for MP remediation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)