Review
Environmental Sciences
Yijia Zhang, Liping Lu, Cheng Chen, Ka Kahe, R. William Field, Mary D' Alton
Summary: Radon, a radioactive gas, is potentially associated with the development of dementia. Evidence suggests that disproportionately high deposition of radon decay products (RDPs) occurs in the brains of AD patients, with selective accumulation within protein fractions. Geographical distribution of radon also shows a significant positive correlation with AD mortality in the US.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Dittrich, Nicholas J. J. Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Anna Zettergren, Joel Simren, Tobias Skillback, Sara Shams, Alejandra Machado, Eric Westman, Michael Scholl, Ingmar Skoog, Silke Kern
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and neurodegenerative diseases. It shows that CKD patients have higher levels of plasma neurofilament light (P-NfL) compared to individuals with normal kidney function. Therefore, P-NfL may serve as a potential biomarker linking CKD to neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Rehabilitation
Yi-Chun Kuan, Li-Kai Huang, Yuan-Hung Wang, Chaur-Jong Hu, Ing-Jy Tseng, Hung-Chou Chen, Li-Fong Lin
Summary: This study compared the balance and gait performance among older adults with preserved cognition, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease, revealing that individuals with cognitive impairments showed significantly worse balance and gait indices compared to healthy controls.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paul C. C. Donaghy, Calum Hamilton, Rory Durcan, Sarah Lawley, Sally Barker, Joanna Ciafone, Nicola Barnett, Kirsty Olsen, Michael Firbank, Gemma Roberts, Jim Lloyd, Louise M. M. Allan, Ranjan Saha, Ian G. G. McKeith, John T. T. O'Brien, John-Paul Taylor, Alan J. J. Thomas
Summary: Through the investigation of patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB), it was found that MCI-LB patients have more symptoms, and a 10-point symptom scale can effectively differentiate MCI-LB and MCI-AD. These findings are important for clinicians to diagnose and treat MCI.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Felix Bermejo-Pareja, Maria Jose Ciudad-Cabanas, Sara Llamas-Velasco, Ester Tapias-Merino, Jesus Hernandez Gallego, Marta Hernandez-Cabria, Luis Collado-Yurrita, Jesus Maria Lopez-Arrieta
Summary: Research suggests that milk and dairy may have potential preventive effects on elderly dementia-Alzheimer's disease, but the current conclusion is not clear. Prospective cohort studies starting from midlife hold promise to answer this question in the future.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ho Tae Jeong, Young Chul Youn, Hyun-Ho Sung, Sang Yun Kim
Summary: This study compared and analyzed power spectral changes between SCD subjects and normal controls, revealing an increase in delta waves and a decrease in alpha1 waves in SCD group, possibly related to early-stage AD. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the predictability of power spectral changes for future cognitive decline.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hong-Chun Wei, Bing Li, Kok Pin Ng, Qing-Xi Fu, Sheng-Jie Dong, Mao-Wen Ba, Min Kong
Summary: This study compared clinical and biomarker features between A+T+MCI individuals progressing to pMCI and those remaining stable sMCI, identifying CSF and cognitive measures at baseline predictive of dementia progression within 2 years. Subset differences in biomarkers, cognitive assessment, and MRI imaging were observed, with CSF t-tau levels and cognitive scores serving as potential risk factors for dementia progression in A+T+MCI individuals.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Michael K. Yeung, Anson Kwok-yun Chau, Jason Yin-chuen Chiu, Jay Tsz-lok Shek, Jody Po-yi Leung, Toby Chun-ho Wong
Summary: The study found significant differences in neuroimaging abnormalities between amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI), with aMCI showing more and more significant abnormalities, while naMCI showing more limited abnormalities, with shared features but unique neuroimaging abnormalities in aMCI.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tommaso Romagnoli, Beatrice Ortolani, Juana Maria Sanz, Alessandro Trentini, Davide Seripa, Edoardo Dalla Nora, Eleonora Capatti, Carlo Cervellati, Angelina Passaro, Giovanni Zuliani, Gloria Brombo
Summary: This study evaluated serum ApoJ levels in 196 MCI subjects and found that low ApoJ levels may be associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. The risk of dementia conversion doubled in subjects with lower ApoJ levels compared to those with higher levels, especially after two years of follow up.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jonathan Blackman, Marta Swirski, James Clynes, Sam Harding, Yue Leng, Elizabeth Coulthard
Summary: Suboptimal sleep can lead to cognitive decline and accelerate Alzheimer's Disease progression. Early intervention in MCI and mild AD is necessary, but there is a lack of evidence for sleep interventions in these stages, highlighting the need for high quality experimental studies exploring alternative interventions.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Britain Taylor, Cristina Barboi, Malaz Boustani
Summary: By utilizing digital data stored in electronic health records (EHR), passive digital markers (PDMs) can be developed to enhance the timely detection of Alzheimer's disease and other related dementias (ADRD). A systematic evidence review suggests that these PDMs have the potential to detect ADRD at earlier stages.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Antonio Muscari, Fabio Clavarino, Vincenzo Allegri, Andrea Farolfi, Maria Macchiarulo, Lorenzo Maestri, Elisa Sessagesimi, Luca Spinardi, Maria Lia Lunardelli
Summary: This study proposed a two-step procedure to assess the risk of CAD in MCI patients, initially evaluating MMSE, MoCA, and MTA before deciding whether to perform FDG-PET. The results showed that patients with 2-3 points in the first step had a higher risk of CAD, and in the second step, FDG-PET had significant diagnostic value in identifying high-risk patients.
ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Robert S. Wilson, Tianhao Wang, Lei Yu, Francine Grodstein, David A. Bennett, Patricia A. Boyle
Summary: The study suggests that engaging in cognitive activities in old age could delay the onset of dementia in Alzheimer's disease by up to 5 years.
Review
Cell Biology
Tanisha Basu, Ujala Sehar, Keya Malhotra, John Culberson, Hafiz Khan, Hallie Morton, Erika Orlov, Malcolm Brownell, P. Hemachandra Reddy
Summary: Healthy aging is the process of preserving and enhancing independence, physical and mental well-being, and overall quality of life. Positive behaviors and prioritizing overall well-being can influence lifespan and quality of health during advanced years.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
P. Piscopo, A. Crestini, E. Carbone, R. Rivabene, A. Ancidoni, M. Lo Giudice, M. Corbo, N. Vanacore, E. Lacorte
Summary: The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview of clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of disease-modifying drugs targeting synaptic plasticity in dementia. A total of 27 trials were identified, with 20 completed and 7 ongoing. 12 studies were selected for analysis, and efficacy and safety were the focus of evaluation.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeanne E. Conner, Joshua A. Steinberg
Summary: Diagnosis of anaphylaxis should involve comprehensive consideration, including detailed history and objective findings. Using diagnostic criteria and considering rare triggers, as well as evaluating for mast cell disorders, can aid in the diagnosis. Referral to specialists may be necessary.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alejandra Escobar Vasco, Julie -Ann Talano, Larisa Broglie
Summary: HLH is a rare but fatal disease, and maintaining a high level of suspicion is crucial for patients with evidence of hyperinflammation. Adolescents with HLH should undergo genetic evaluation for familial HLH, and primary immune deficiencies and dysregulation disorders should also be considered. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality related to HLH's hyperinflammation.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kathleen Ryan
Summary: Fevers of unknown origin (FUO) present a diagnostic challenge, with a wide range of potential causes including infectious, autoimmune, and malignant. Some adolescents with FUO may never have an identifiable etiology, but the prognosis is generally favorable in the absence of red flag symptoms.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brett J. Bordini, Ryan D. Walsh, Donald Basel, Tejaswini Deshmukh
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hsi Yen, Leah Lalor
Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of increased awareness among healthcare providers when faced with severe adolescent acne that may not be typical teenage acne. It provides a summary of uncommon causes of severe adolescent acne and a simplified diagnostic approach. Additionally, it discusses rare autoinflammatory syndromic causes of acne and acne associated with excess androgen states.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bethany Auble, Justin Dey
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kaitlin V. Kirkpatrick, James J. Nocton
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Louella Amos
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tracey Thompson, Ashley Phimister, Alexander Raskin
Summary: Heart failure occurs as a result of pressure or volume overload in congenital and acquired heart diseases, and its treatment varies depending on the underlying cause.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Allison Remiker, Kristina Bolling, James Verbsky
Summary: CVID is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by abnormal B-cell differentiation and impaired production of specific immunoglobulin. Clinical manifestations vary and include recurrent bacterial infections, lymphoproliferation, autoimmunity, pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal disease, granulomas, and increased cancer risk. The diagnosis of CVID is complex, requiring exclusion of other causes of immunoglobulin deficiency and assessment based on clinical criteria models. Treatment involves regular immunoglobulin replacement therapy, infection prevention, and surveillance for complications.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bridget A. Rafferty, Pooja Thakrar
Summary: CNO/CRMO is an underrecognized autoinflammatory disorder of the skeletal system resulting from immune dysregulation. Diagnosis is often delayed due to vague symptoms and the lack of accepted diagnostic criteria or specific biomarkers. Untreated CRMO can lead to chronic skeletal deformities, arthritis, and chronic pain. Diagnosis requires MRI and WB-MRI. Treatment primarily involves antiinflammatory medications.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vaishali Singh, Scott K. Van Why
Summary: Hypertension in adolescents is rare, and evaluation for identifiable causes beyond primary hypertension is necessary. Common causes of hypertension in this age group are usually acquired or congenital renal or vascular diseases. If these etiologies are not found, exploration for rare causes, including monogenic hypertension, should be pursued.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dominic O. Co
Summary: Acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) are a group of inflammatory demyelinating conditions that include optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Differentiating between subtypes of ADS is important for optimal patient management, and this can be achieved by considering clinical features, laboratory tests (especially autoantibodies), and MRI findings.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Meghan K. Konda, Matthew Harmelink
Summary: Pediatric adolescent muscle weakness can have various causes. A methodical diagnostic evaluation is necessary to determine the specific disease category, which may require specialized care or extensive testing. The ultimate diagnosis is crucial for prognostication.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)