Article
Virology
Mi Liu, Jingze Liu, Wenjun Song, Yousong Peng, Xiao Ding, Lizong Deng, Taijiao Jiang
Summary: This study developed a model to predict antigenic relationships and identify antigenic clusters for H1N1pdm viruses, which performed well in predicting antigenic variants. Mapping the antigenic clusters revealed different patterns of antigenic evolution and localized epidemic for H1N1pdm compared to former seasonal H1N1. The model provides a rapid determination method for antigenic variants and further analysis can aid vaccine recommendations and influenza surveillance for H1N1pdm.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiuhua Lu, Zhu Guo, Zhu-Nan Li, Crystal Holiday, Feng Liu, Stacie Jefferson, F. Liaini Gross, Wen-Ping Tzeng, Anand Kumar, Ian A. York, Timothy M. Uyeki, Terrence Tumpey, James Stevens, Min Z. Levine
Summary: This study analyzed the antibody profiles of patients infected with A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses and found that although some adults produced high levels of antibodies, they still suffered from severe illness or death. The study suggests that narrowly-focused, low-quality antibody responses may contribute to severe lower respiratory tract infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Le Nguyen Minh Hoa, Sheena G. Sullivan, Le Quynh Mai, Arseniy Khvorov, Hoang Vu Mai Phuong, Nguyen Le Khanh Hang, Pham Quang Thai, Le Thi Thanh, Louise Carolan, Dang Duc Anh, Tran Nhu Duong, Juliet E. Bryant, H. Rogier van Doorn, Heiman F. L. Wertheim, Peter Horby, Annette Fox
Summary: This study found that infection with H1N1pdm09 induced durable seroprotection, while infection with H3N2Pe09 did not. This could explain the age differences between A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) cases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sergi Lopez-Serrano, Lorena Cordoba, Monica Perez-Maillo, Patricia Pleguezuelos, Edmond J. Remarque, Thomas Ebensen, Carlos A. Guzman, Dennis Christensen, Joaquim Segales, Ayub Darji
Summary: This study found that pigs vaccinated with NG34 vaccine in combination with CAF(R)01 or CDA/alpha GCM exhibited different immune responses, with animals in the NG34 + CAF(R)01 group showing lower lung lesions and viral shedding post-infection, while pigs in the NG34 + CDA/alpha GCM group showing more severe pathology and viral shedding.
Article
Immunology
Zhu Guo, Xiuhua Lu, Paul J. Carney, Jessie Chang, Wen-pin Tzeng, Ian A. York, Min Z. Levine, James Stevens
Summary: In this study, a biolayer interferometry (BLI)-based assay was used to determine the dominant binding epitopes of the globular head domain of influenza virus surface protein hemagglutinin (HA1) in antibody response to influenza vaccines. Results showed that several mutated HA1 exhibited more than 50% reduction in BLI binding compared to the wild type, and there was a strong correlation between dominant residues identified by the BLI and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. This study provides a systematic method for analyzing antibody immunodominance in the humoral response to influenza vaccines.
Letter
Immunology
Jakob N. Nissen, Sophie J. George, Charlotte K. Hjulsager, Jesper S. Krog, Xiaohui C. Nielsen, Tina V. Madsen, Klara M. Andersen, Tyra G. Krause, Lasse S. Vestergaard, Lars E. Larsen, Ramona Trebbien
Summary: In January 2021, a case of human infection with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus containing a nonstructural gene highly similar to Eurasian avian-like H1Nx swine influenza virus was detected in Denmark. The clinical case and testing results of the genetic and antigenic characterizations of the virus were described.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Luis A. Santos, Filipe Almeida, Marta Giria, Joao Trigueiro-Louro, Helena Rebelo-de-Andrade
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of I298L, K386R, and V517I mutations in PB1 on viral growth and antigen yield. Mutated viruses showed a decrease in viral growth accompanied by a reduction in hemagglutination titer and neuraminidase activity compared to the wild type. Our findings suggest that adaptive evolution in PB1 improves overall viral fitness and has the potential for optimizing influenza vaccine prototypes.
Article
Immunology
Mo Li, Yongkun Chen, Tao Chen, Shixiong Hu, Luan Chen, Lu Shen, Fangcai Li, Jing Yang, Yan Sun, Dayan Wang, Lin He, Shengying Qin, Yuelong Shu
Summary: The study used a host-based whole genome sequencing method to explore genetic risk loci associated with severity of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection. It identified abnormal nominally significant common SNVs enriched in the PTBP3 gene and suggested novel candidate genes such as FTSJ3, CPVL, BST2, NOD2, and MAVS may confer risk of severe influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 diseases. Gene set based analysis indicated the HIF-1 transcription factor and IFN-gamma pathway could play an important role in the underlying mechanism of severe influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristien Van Reeth, Anna Parys, Jose Carlos Mancera Gracia, Ivan Trus, Koen Chiers, Philip Meade, Sean Liu, Peter Palese, Florian Krammer, Elien Vandoorn
Summary: This study demonstrates that sequential vaccination with diverse H1N1 viruses in pigs induces a broad H1N1 antibody response, providing protection against multiple H1N1 strains in humans and pigs.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Justin R. Ortiz, David Bernstein, Daniel F. Hoft, Christopher W. Woods, Micah T. McClain, Sharon E. Frey, Rebecca C. Brady, Christopher Bryant, Ashley Wegel, Robert W. Frenck Jr, Emmanuel B. Walter, Getahun Abate, Sarah R. Williams, Robert L. Atmar, Wendy A. Keitel, Nadine Rouphael, Mathew J. Memoli, Mamodikoe K. Makhene, Paul C. Roberts, Kathleen M. Neuzil
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between baseline influenza virus-specific HAI and MN titers and subsequent symptomatic influenza virus infection in a controlled human infection study. The results showed that high baseline HAI and MN were associated with protection from illness.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Min Dou, Wenjun Song, Yongping Lin, Qigao Chen, Chang Lu, Zhongmin Liu
Summary: The study analyzed clinical characteristics and viral genes in patients with severe pneumonia due to H1N1 influenza virus in Guangzhou in 2019. Risk factors for severe disease were identified as chronic lung disease and cardiovascular disease, with a significant rate of secondary infections in critically ill patients. Furthermore, serum IL-8 levels were significantly higher in critically ill patients compared to nonsevere patients and healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Pavithra Daulagala, Brian R. Mann, Kathy Leung, Eric H. Y. Lau, Louise Yung, Ruipeng Lei, Sarea I. N. Nizami, Joseph T. Wu, Susan S. Chiu, Rodney S. Daniels, Nicholas C. Wu, David Wentworth, Malik Peiris, Hui-Ling Yen
Summary: Immune imprinting shapes the anti-HA antibody landscape, but the evaluation of anti-HA and anti-NA antibody responses in individuals born within the same birth cohort has been limited. This study characterized NA antigenic variants and found age-dependent imprinting of both anti-HA and anti-NA antibodies. Including NA proteins in influenza vaccine preparations may enhance vaccine efficacy.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gulshan Umbreen, Abdul Rehman, Muhammad Avais, Chanda Jabeen, Shakera Sadiq, Rubab Maqsood, Hamad Bin Rashid, Saira Afzal, Mamoona Chaudhry
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the burden of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection among human tuberculosis patients and the general population. The results showed that individuals from the TB cohort had a higher incidence of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 compared to the general population, suggesting that they should be prioritized for influenza vaccination.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Pan Ge, Ted M. Ross
Summary: This article reviews the evolutionary characteristics of glycosylation on the HA protein of the A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in the last ten years, discussing the crucial impact of evolutionary glycosylation on the biological characteristics of the virus and the host immune responses. Studies reveal different roles of glycosylation play during host adaptation, highlighting the significance of glycosylation evolution in host-virus interaction, while pointing out that much remains to be discovered about the mechanism.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Smriti Krishna, Anup Jayaram, Ujwal Shetty, Prasad Varamballi, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay, Anitha Jagadesh
Summary: Influenza viruses can mutate, leading to respiratory ailments. The H275Y mutation in the neuraminidase gene reduces the effectiveness of oseltamivir, a commonly used drug for treating Influenza A and B virus infection. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of the H275Y mutation among hospitalized patients from 2014 to 2021. The results showed a low prevalence of oseltamivir resistance and raised concerns about the effectiveness of the recommended probes for detecting the mutation in recent years.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)