Article
Immunology
Chenzhe Gao, Marwa Yagoub Farag Koko, Mingxing Ding, Weichen Hong, Jianping Li, Na Dong, Mizhou Hui
Summary: This study investigated the effects of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) in controlling intestinal inflammation and alleviating associated insulin resistance (IR). The researchers found that IAP can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory agent to reduce intestinal inflammation-induced IR.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rotimi Olusanya Arise, Olusola Mercy Adetiwa, Raphael Idowu Adeoye, Sylvia Omonirume Malomo
Summary: This study investigated the effects of sodium butyrate (SB) and taurine on rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase (RIA), as well as the interaction of taurine and/or SB with bacterial lipopolysaccharides on ALP activity. The results showed that taurine and SB enhanced the hydrolysis activity of RIA, especially in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. The study concluded that taurine and SB are activators of RIA and their positive synergistic interaction in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharides may play a role in attenuating bacterial LPS-mediated diseases.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sudha B. Singh, Henry C. Lin
Summary: Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is a multifunctional protein that plays a protective role in the gut, with defects leading to various gastrointestinal disorders. Studies using exogenous IAP supplementation and cellular overexpression have helped to elucidate its mechanisms in innate immunity. Furthermore, IAP has been shown to induce autophagy, highlighting its significant impact on gut health.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yang Liu, Paul M. Cavallaro, Byeong-Moo Kim, Tao Liu, Hongyan Wang, Florian Kuehn, Fatemeh Adiliaghdam, Enyu Liu, Robin Vasan, Ehsan Samarbafzadeh, Matthew Z. Farber, Junhui Li, Meng Xu, Vidisha Mohad, Michael Choi, Richard A. Hodin
Summary: Liver fibrosis is associated with gut barrier dysfunction, and IAP has been identified as a potential therapy to prevent liver fibrosis. Oral IAP supplementation can protect the gut barrier and prevent liver fibrosis via a TLR4-mediated mechanism.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhen Luo, Zeze Wang, Ping Li, Yulong Tan, Genlin He, Xiaoqian Liu, Tingting Shen, Xuesen Yang, Xue Luo
Summary: This study demonstrates that intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) can improve intestinal barrier function and intestinal permeability by increasing intestinal tight junctions. It reduces systemic inflammation and multiple organ injury, ultimately improving the survival rate of heatstroke.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yuno Oku, Seiko Noda, Asako Yamada, Kanae Nakaoka, Masae Goseki-Sone
Summary: Vitamin D insufficiency leads to bone calcification disorders or decreased bone mineral density, increasing the risk of fracture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, regulated by vitamin D, may prevent metabolic endotoxemia by dephosphorylating lipopolysaccharide. Vitamin D restriction and/or high-fat diet may influence ALP activity, serum lipopolysaccharide concentrations, and increase the risk of metabolic endotoxemia.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Gilberto Maia Santos, Shamila Ismael, Juliana Morais, Joao R. Araujo, Ana Faria, Conceicao Calhau, Claudia Marques
Summary: This article explores the important role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IALP) in leaky gut related diseases, discusses its function in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and barrier function, and explores the use of IALP as a biomarker and strategies for modulating its activity.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wijesooriya Mudhiyanselage Nadeema Dissanayake, Malavige Romesha Chandanee, Sang-Myeong Lee, Jung Min Heo, Young-Joo Yi
Summary: This study investigated the role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) in antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. The results showed that IAP activity decreased, RNA expression of tight junction proteins (TJP) decreased, and proinflammatory cytokine levels increased, which may affect intestinal integrity and function.
Article
Immunology
Sudha B. Singh, Cristina N. Coffman, Matthew G. Varga, Amanda Carroll-Portillo, Cody A. Braun, Henry C. Lin
Summary: Tight junctions are crucial for intestinal barrier integrity. This study reveals that Desulfovibrio vulgaris, a resident commensal bacterium, can contribute to leaky gut, providing new insights into the underlying mechanism of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sonia Gonzalez, Marta Selma-Royo, Silvia Arboleya, Cecilia Martinez-Costa, Gonzalo Solis, Marta Suarez, Nuria Fernandez, Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilan, Susana Diaz-Coto, Pablo Martinez-Camblor, Maria Carmen Collado, Miguel Gueimonde
Summary: The study found that early gut microbiota is associated with infant weight gain, with different microbial levels being linked to weight gain based on the mode of delivery.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaolin Sheng, Dandan Liu, Sujani K. Gamage, Ying Luo, Emilie Viennois, Didier Merlin, Suri S. Iyer
Summary: The study found that the fecal IAP levels were significantly lower in mice with severe colitis compared to those with mild colitis. Mice treated with anti-TNF-Alpha showed significantly higher levels of IAP compared to untreated mice.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Raquel Dos Santos Martins, Elisabeth M. W. Kooi, Klaas Poelstra, Jan B. F. Hulscher
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe neonatal disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. The cause of NEC is still unclear, and current treatment options are limited. It has been discovered that intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase (IAP) may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and treatment of NEC by detoxifying liposaccharides (LPS), reducing inflammation, preventing dysbiosis, improving intestinal perfusion, and promoting autophagy. This review provides evidence of the possible connection between IAP and the LPS/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway, impaired gut immunity, and dysbiosis in preterm infants, suggesting that exogenous IAP administration could be a promising approach for NEC management.
EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Qasim Ali, Sen Ma, Umar Farooq, Jiakuan Niu, Fen Li, Defeng Li, Zhichang Wang, Hao Sun, Yalei Cui, Yinghua Shi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of artificial pasture grazing system (AGF) on gut microbiota composition and gut barrier functions in meat geese. The results showed that AGF supplementation significantly increased commensal microbial richness and diversity, indicating its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory abilities. Furthermore, AGF intake reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through the intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-induced Nrf2 signaling pathway, protecting gut barrier functions and reducing systemic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olwin Nainggolan, Dwi Hapsari, Christiana Rialine Titaley, Lely Indrawati, Ika Dharmayanti, Antonius Yudi Kristanto
Summary: This study in Indonesia found that overweight and obese non-pregnant women had a lower likelihood of developing anemia compared to those with a normal BMI, while underweight women with low MUAC scores had the highest odds of developing anemia. It also identified that physical activity and fruit/vegetable consumption played a role in anemia risk, with insufficient physical activity increasing the odds and the presence of a non-communicable disease reducing the likelihood of anemia. Strengthening health promotion activities, particularly focusing on improving nutritional status and healthy behaviors, is important for reducing anemia prevalence and improving overall health status in Indonesian women.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reyes Gamez-Belmonte, Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia, Cristina Hernandez-Chirlaque, Samir Cordova, Diego Ceacero-Heras, Fermin Sanchez de Medina, Olga Martinez-Augustin
Summary: The study showed that TNAP haplodeficient mice can develop hepatosteatosis similar to that induced by a MCD diet when fed a control diet, but without weight loss, increased ALT levels, or hypoglycemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Sarah Tomkovich, Raad Z. Gharaibeh, Christine M. Dejea, Jillian L. Pope, Jinmai Jiang, Kathryn Winglee, Josee Gauthier, Rachel C. Newsome, Ye Yang, Anthony A. Fodor, Thomas D. Schmittgen, Cynthia L. Sears, Christian Jobin
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ye Yang, Christian Jobin
Editorial Material
Microbiology
T. Jarrod Smith, Caitlin H. Kowalski, Karen Guillemin
Summary: Microbes are able to manipulate hosts cleverly for their own benefit, but their actions are not always completely undetected. This study focuses on how Schistosoma mansoni eggs coordinate macrophage behaviors to promote the efficient transmission of mature eggs while keeping immature eggs hidden in plain sight.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ye Yang, Christian Jobin
Article
Immunology
Andrea N. Loes, Melissa N. Hinman, Dylan R. Farnsworth, Adam C. Miller, Karen Guillemin, Michael J. Harms
Summary: The zebrafish is a powerful model organism for studying the innate immune system. Recent findings suggest that zebrafish share an LPS-sensitive Tlr4/Md-2 complex with mammals, rather than a new invention in tetrapods. The discovery of the Ly96 gene in zebrafish and functional assays further support this hypothesis, indicating a low-sensitivity ancestral Tlr4/Md-2 complex retained by zebrafish.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
B. Brett Finlay, Katherine R. Amato, Meghan Azad, Martin J. Blaser, Thomas C. G. Bosch, Hiutung Chu, Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello, Stanislav Dusko Ehrlich, Eran Elinav, Naama Geva-Zatorsky, Philippe Gros, Karen Guillemin, Frederic Keck, Tal Korem, Margaret J. McFall-Ngai, Melissa K. Melby, Mark Nichter, Sven Pettersson, Hendrik Poinar, Tobias Rees, Carolina Tropini, Liping Zhao, Tamara Giles-Vernick
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to impact the human microbiome in infected and uninfected individuals, especially high-risk groups. Current pandemic control measures may have opaque and long-term effects on the global microbiome.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Melissa N. Hinman, Jared Richardson, Rose A. Sockol, Eliza D. Aronson, Sarah J. Stednitz, Katrina N. Murray, J. Andrew Berglund, Karen Guillemin
Summary: The muscleblind RNA-binding proteins are crucial regulators of RNA alternative splicing and loss of their function due to sequestration by CUG or CCUG RNA repeats is responsible for myotonic dystrophy (DM). Zebrafish models with mutations in the mbnl genes showed DM-relevant physical phenotypes and alternative splicing changes. Compound mbnl mutants exhibited more severe phenotypes, indicating partially redundant functions of Mbnl proteins.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Michael L. Kent, Elena S. Wall, Sophie Sichel, Virginia Watral, Keaton Stagaman, Thomas J. Sharpton, Karen Guillemin
Summary: Intestinal neoplasms and preneoplastic lesions are common in zebrafish research facilities, potentially caused by Mycoplasma and nematodes. Mycoplasma is associated with preneoplastic lesions, while nematodes alone or in combination with Mycoplasma can lead to severe lesions and neoplasms.
Article
Biology
John H. Postlethwait, Michelle S. Massaquoi, Dylan R. Farnsworth, Yi-Lin Yan, Karen Guillemin, Adam C. Miller
Summary: People with underlying conditions like hypertension, obesity, and diabetes are more susceptible to negative outcomes after COVID-19 infection. Research on the relationship between RAAS and COVID-19 found that zebrafish can be used as a disease model to understand the mechanisms.
Article
Microbiology
Catherine D. Robinson, Emily G. Sweeney, Julia Ngo, Emily Ma, Arden Perkins, T. Jarrod Smith, Nicolas L. Fernandez, Christopher M. Waters, S. James Remington, Brendan J. M. Bohannan, Karen Guillemin
Summary: This study demonstrates that bacteria utilize a chemically regulated motility, known as chemokinesis, to sense amino acids emitted by hosts that trigger active immigration into hosts. The bacterial gene sensor of proline diguanylate cyclase enzyme (SpdE) plays a key role in promoting host colonization by detecting specific amino acids and controlling bacterial motility through c-di-GMP production.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Arden Perkins, Dan A. Tudorica, Raphael D. Teixeira, Tilman Schirmer, Lindsay Zumwalt, O. Maduka Ogba, C. Keith Cassidy, Phillip J. Stansfeld, Karen Guillemin
Summary: This study reveals that many host-associated bacteria possess proteins that sense hypochlorous acid and adapt by regulating biofilm production. This behavior may play an important role in the pathogenicity of bacteria like Escherichia coli, allowing them to detect and adapt to the host immune system's defenses.
Article
Microbiology
Kevin S. Johnson, Bassam A. Elgamoudi, Freda E-C Jen, Christopher J. Day, Emily Goers Sweeney, Megan L. Pryce, Karen Guillemin, Thomas Haselhorst, Victoria Korolik, Karen M. Ottemann
Summary: The Helicobacter pylori chemoreceptor TIpA plays a role in dampening host inflammation during chronic stomach colonization by sensing multiple attractant ligands as well as antagonist ones. This ability to regulate chemotactic responses by antagonistic chemoreceptor ligands is an emerging theme in chemotaxis systems.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rachel C. Newsome, Ye Yang, Christian Jobin
Summary: The gastrointestinal tract has a significant impact on global cancer burden and deaths. Recent research has focused on the role of the microbiota in immune-related therapies for colorectal, pancreatic, hepatic, and gastric cancers, aiming to uncover new areas for investigation in this field.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
M. Kristina R. Hamilton, Elena Wall, Catherine R. Robinson, Karen Guillemin, Judith R. Eisen
Summary: The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays an important role in regulating intestinal homeostasis, including luminal pH, permeability, and transit. ENS deficiency leads to intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis, independent of microbial induction. Treatment with omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, corrects the acidic luminal pH and prevents Vibrio overabundance and inflammation. Conversely, acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, increases luminal acidity, leading to increased Vibrio abundance and intestinal inflammation. In conclusion, the primary function of the ENS is to regulate luminal pH, shaping the microbial community and promoting intestinal health.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jayanth Jawahar, Alexander W. McCumber, Colin R. Lickwar, Caroline R. Amoroso, Sol Gomez de la Torre Canny, Sandi Wong, Margaret Morash, James H. Thierer, Steven A. Farber, Brendan J. M. Bohannan, Karen Guillemin, John F. Rawls
Summary: This study reveals the effects of long-term starvation and refeeding on the intestinal transcriptome and microbiome in zebrafish. Starvation leads to changes in intestinal microbiome composition and host gene expression, which are rapidly reversed after refeeding.