Article
Cell Biology
Daniela Maria Hinke, Tor Kristian Andersen, Ramakrishna Prabhu Gopalakrishnan, Lise Madelene Skullerud, Ina Charlotta Werninghaus, Gunnveig Grodeland, Even Fossum, Ranveig Braathen, Bjarne Bogen
Summary: Antibodies play a crucial role in vaccine efficacy by targeting antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Bivalent vaccines with two identical antigens stimulate stronger antibody responses and provide better immune protection compared to monovalent vaccines. Bivalent vaccines increase the levels of germinal center B cells and long-lived plasma cells, resulting in enhanced immune responses.
Review
Immunology
Xi Zhang, Tianhui He, Yuan Li, Ling Chen, Hongyu Liu, Yu Wu, Hongyan Guo
Summary: Ovarian cancer is characterized by uncertain presentation and poor outcomes, with surgery and chemotherapy being the current basis of treatment. However, there are limitations due to advanced stage at diagnosis and high recurrence rate. The use of anti-VEGF agents, PARP inhibitors, and immunotherapies are being explored to enhance treatment outcomes, but the population that can benefit from these treatments remains limited.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Trevor Ung, Nakisha S. Rutledge, Adam M. Weiss, Aaron P. Esser-Kahn, Peter Deak
Summary: This article summarizes the recent advancements in immunology and chemistry in targeted vaccine technology, including cellular targets, methods of targeting, and their effects on immune responses. The relationships between vaccine targets and subsequent adaptive immune responses are crucial for effective vaccine design, potentially leading to more effective, disease-specific vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Graham Hayes, Beatriz Dias-Barbieri, Gokhan Yilmaz, Robin J. Shattock, C. Remzi Becer
Summary: RNA delivery is an effective method for vaccine delivery, and poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) is the current gold standard. However, alternatives to PEI are desirable due to toxicity concerns. Poly(2-oxazoline)s are promising alternatives, as they are biocompatible and offer control over polymer structure. In this study, ionizable primary amine 2-oxazoline was synthesized and combined with a double bond-containing oxazoline to create a library of charged statistical and block copolymers. The polymers were decorated with glucose through a thiol-ene click reaction. The block polymers showed excellent cell viability and demonstrated promising complexation efficiencies for saRNA, indicating a clear structure-property relationship. The best transfection potential across all tested cell lines was achieved with a polymer composition with an amine/glucose ratio of 9:27, suggesting that cationic block polymers with high levels of glycosylation have the highest complexation efficiency and RNA expression levels.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Jingjing Wang, Bing Sun, Luyao Sun, Xueming Niu, Li Li, Zhi Ping Xu
Summary: A Trojan horse CCM nano-vaccine named LGCMB, consisting of layered double hydroxide nanoparticles with mannose targeting and bovine serum albumin coating, has been developed to address the challenges of immune escape and low accumulation of cancer cell membranes in antigen presentation cells (APCs). The LGCMB nano-vaccine efficiently targets APCs and suppresses tumor growth in vivo, demonstrating great potential as a precision cancer vaccine.
BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuewen Zhai, Xiaorong He, Ying Li, Ran Han, Yuying Ma, Peng Gao, Zhiyu Qian, Yueqing Gu, Siwen Li
Summary: By using antigens expressed by induced pluripotent stem cells and damaged erythrocyte membrane as antigen deliverers, acquired immunity can be enhanced. This approach may provide a promising strategy for efficient tumor vaccines in clinical practice.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Taro Shimizu, Yoshino Kawaguchi, Hidenori Ando, Yu Ishima, Tatsuhiro Ishida
Summary: Vaccines stimulate immune cells to prevent infectious diseases, and targeting immune cells in vaccine development shows promise in treating infectious and chronic diseases.
CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Noemi Anna Nagy, Aram M. de Haas, Teunis B. H. Geijtenbeek, Ronald van Ree, Sander W. Tas, Yvette van Kooyk, Esther C. de Jong
Summary: Researchers are exploring nanoparticle-based approaches to target DCs for inducing immune activation or tolerance, avoiding the costly and cumbersome process of ex vivo cell differentiation. Various nanoparticles and adjuvants are being developed for therapeutic vaccine platforms to enhance anti-tumor immunity or create tolerogenic DCs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
He Yang, Zijian Xiong, Xingyu Heng, Xiaomeng Niu, Yichen Wang, Lihua Yao, Lele Sun, Zhuang Liu, Hong Chen
Summary: Click-chemistry-mediated cell membrane glycopolymer engineering is used to potentiate dendritic cell vaccines (DCV). The glycopolymer-engineering facilitates the adhesion of dendritic cells to T cells, thereby augmenting T cell activation and improving tumor immunotherapy, providing a new strategy for designing enhanced dendritic cell-based therapeutics.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lily Chan, Yeganeh Mehrani, Jessica A. Minott, Byram W. Bridle, Khalil Karimi
Summary: This research examined the effects of DC vaccination on ILC2 populations and their cytokine production. The results showed an increase in the number of ILC2s in certain areas in the absence of tumors, indicating a complex interplay between DC vaccines and ILC2s.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Esther H. Roh, Catherine A. Fromen, Millicent O. Sullivan
Summary: Global implementation of mRNA vaccines has advanced the treatment of respiratory diseases significantly. These vaccines provide high efficacy and adaptability, but questions regarding immune persistence and formulation stability remain. Developing inhaled mRNA vaccines can generate long-lasting tissue-specific memory responses for rapid recall and immediate local protection. Advances in pulmonary delivery technologies offer potential solutions to overcome translation challenges.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Da Qian, Jialu Li, Mingyao Huang, Qiuxia Cui, Xiaozhen Liu, Kailv Sun
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Immunotherapy, including tumor vaccine, has shown great success in treating breast cancer. Dendritic cells are important antigen-presenting cells that play a role in immune responses. DC-based treatments, particularly DC vaccines, have demonstrated significant anti-tumor effects in clinical studies and are undergoing trials. This review summarizes the immunomodulatory effects of DC vaccines in breast cancer, discusses related mechanisms, and presents possible challenges and future directions.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad, Khalil Hajiasgharzadeh, Afshin Derakhshani, Nicola Silvestris, Amir Baghbanzadeh, Vito Racanelli, Behzad Baradaran
Summary: Although melanoma remains the deadliest skin cancer, immunotherapy has provided more tolerable approaches and revolutionized cancer therapy. However, the undesirable response rates of traditional approaches and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment have raised questions about their clinical translation. Additional research on oncogenic pathways and novel tumor antigens is essential for developing more effective dendritic cell-based vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yue Liu, Joanna Pagacz, Donald J. Wolfgeher, Kenneth D. Bromerg, Jacob Gorman, Stephen J. Kron
Summary: Antigen presentation may be the limiting factor in the low immune response to radiation therapy, and combining immune checkpoint blockade does not restore cytotoxic T lymphocytes function. Therapeutic vaccines based on senescent tumor cells or SnC-activated dendritic cells have the potential to enhance immune therapies and limit recurrence or metastasis.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Kyu-Won Lee, Judy Wai Ping Yam, Xiaowen Mao
Summary: In the era of cancer immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) and adoptive cell transfer therapies (ACTs) have limitations. Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines are suggested as a new cancer immunotherapy regimen that can address these limitations. Different types of innovative DC vaccines are under investigation, which are expected to provide breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy.
Review
Hematology
Behnood Bikdeli, Mahesh V. Madhavan, Aakriti Gupta, David Jimenez, John R. Burton, Caroline Der Nigoghossian, Taylor Chuich, Shayan Nabavi Nouri, Isaac Dreyfus, Elissa Driggin, Sanjum Sethi, Kartik Sehgal, Saurav Chatterjee, Walter Ageno, Mohammad Madjid, Yutao Guo, Liang V. Tang, Yu Hu, Laurent Bertoletti, Jay Giri, Mary Cushman, Isabelle Quere, Evangelos P. Dimakakos, C. Michael Gibson, Giuseppe Lippi, Emmanuel J. Favaloro, Jawed Fareed, Alfonso J. Tafur, Dominic P. Francese, Jaya Batra, Anna Falanga, Kevin J. Clerkin, Nir Uriel, Ajay Kirtane, Claire McLintock, Beverley J. Hunt, Alex C. Spyropoulos, Geoffrey D. Barnes, John W. Eikelboom, Ido Weinberg, Sam Schulman, Marc Carrier, Gregory Piazza, Joshua A. Beckman, Martin B. Leon, Gregg W. Stone, Stephan Rosenkranz, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Sahil A. Parikh, Manuel Monreal, Harlan M. Krumholz, Stavros V. Konstantinides, Jeffrey I. Weitz, Gregory Y. H. Lip
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Kartik Sehgal, Anushi Bulumulle, Heather Brody, Ritu R. Gill, Shravanti Macherla, Aleksandra Qilleri, Danielle C. McDonald, Cynthia R. Cherry, Meghan Shea, Mark S. Huberman, Paul A. VanderLaan, Glen J. Weiss, Paul R. Walker, Daniel B. Costa, Deepa Rangachari
Summary: In advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, a significant proportion of patients receive pembrolizumab-based regimens with extended intervals or delays in routine practice, yielding similar outcomes to the standard 3-week interval treatment. Prospective evaluation of alternative dosing strategies is needed to develop a more fiscally viable and patient-centered model.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aakriti Gupta, Mahesh V. Madhavan, Kartik Sehgal, Nandini Nair, Shiwani Mahajan, Tejasav S. Sehrawat, Behnood Bikdeli, Neha Ahluwalia, John C. Ausiello, Elaine Y. Wan, Daniel E. Freedberg, Ajay J. Kirtane, Sahil A. Parikh, Mathew S. Maurer, Anna S. Nordvig, Domenico Accili, Joan M. Bathon, Sumit Mohan, Kenneth A. Bauer, Martin B. Leon, Harlan M. Krumholz, Nir Uriel, Mandeep R. Mehra, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Gregg W. Stone, Allan Schwartz, David D. Ho, John P. Bilezikian, Donald W. Landry
Article
Oncology
Kartik Sehgal, Andreas Varkaris, Hollis Viray, Paul A. VanderLaan, Deepa Rangachari, Daniel B. Costa
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Kartik Sehgal, Deepa Rangachari, Paul A. VanderLaan, Susumu S. Kobayashi, Daniel B. Costa
Summary: The management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with noncanonical EGFR mutations remains challenging, with afatinib being the only approved drug but associated with significant adverse events at standard dose. Osimertinib shows promising results in this population, but further research is needed.
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kartik Sehgal, David A. Barbie
Summary: The study revealed miR-34a as a key regulator of mutant p53 secretome in lung adenocarcinoma, providing insight into the therapeutic opportunity to target downstream effects of p53 loss. Inhibition of GRASP55 suppressed protumorigenic secretion and reduced tumor growth and metastases in preclinical models, highlighting the potential of this pathway as a therapeutic target.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kartik Sehgal, Andrew Portell, Elena Ivanova, Patrick H. Lizotte, Navin R. Mahadevan, Jonathan R. Greene, Amir Vajdi, Carino Gurjao, Tyler Teceno, Luke J. Taus, Tran C. Thai, Shunsuke Kitajima, Derek Liu, Tetsuo Tani, Moataz Noureddine, Christie J. Lau, Paul T. Kirschmeier, David Liu, Marios Giannakis, Russell W. Jenkins, Prafulla C. Gokhale, Silvia Goldoni, Maria Pinzon-Ortiz, William D. Hastings, Peter S. Hammerman, Juan J. Miret, Cloud P. Paweletz, David A. Barbie
Summary: The study identified a subpopulation of immunotherapy persister cells (IPCs) that resisted CD8(+) T cell-mediated killing under PD-1 blockade, exhibiting stem cell-like features, and could be targeted by specific therapeutic combinations.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kartik Sehgal, Ritu R. Gill, Page Widick, Poorva Bindal, Danielle C. McDonald, Meghan Shea, Deepa Rangachari, Daniel B. Costa
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of ECOG PS score at the start of therapy on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in advanced NSCLC patients treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy. Patients with ECOG PS scores of at least 2 had significantly lower disease control rates and shorter PFS and OS compared to those with ECOG PS scores of 0 or 1. Multivariable analysis confirmed ECOG PS of at least 2 as an independent risk factor for worse PFS and OS.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ani Nalbandian, Kartik Sehgal, Aakriti Gupta, Mahesh V. Madhavan, Claire McGroder, Jacob S. Stevens, Joshua R. Cook, Anna S. Nordvig, Daniel Shalev, Tejasav S. Sehrawat, Neha Ahluwalia, Behnood Bikdeli, Donald Dietz, Caroline Der-Nigoghossian, Nadia Liyanage-Don, Gregg F. Rosner, Elana J. Bernstein, Sumit Mohan, Akinpelumi A. Beckley, David S. Seres, Toni K. Choueiri, Nir Uriel, John C. Ausiello, Domenico Accili, Daniel E. Freedberg, Matthew Baldwin, Allan Schwartz, Daniel Brodie, Christine Kim Garcia, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Jean M. Connors, John P. Bilezikian, Donald W. Landry, Elaine Y. Wan
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, causing global healthcare crises. Recovery from COVID-19 may lead to persistent symptoms and long-term complications, prompting the need for multidisciplinary care and follow-up for survivors.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Kartik Sehgal
Article
Hematology
Jared T. Ahrendsen, Kartik Sehgal, Sasmit Sarangi, Erik J. Uhlmann, Hemant Varma, Jon Arnason, David Avigan
Summary: CAR T-cell therapy targeting CD19 has shown significant benefits in a subset of non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients, but may also lead to severe opportunistic infections, including fatal progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Strategies to enhance post-treatment immune reconstitution are crucial for maximizing the unique potency of CAR T-cell therapy.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Eleni M. Rettig, Annette A. Wang, Ngoc-Anh Tran, Evan Carey, Tanujit Dey, Jonathan D. Schoenfeld, Kartik Sehgal, Jeffrey P. Guenette, Danielle N. Margalit, Rosh Sethi, Ravindra Uppaluri, Roy B. Tishler, Donald J. Annino, Laura A. Goguen, Vickie Y. Jo, Robert Haddad, Glenn J. Hanna
Summary: This study found a significant association between circulating TTMV HPV DNA and nodal disease in HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The sensitivity of detection may be lower in patients without cervical lymphadenopathy.
JAMA OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Connie R. Shi, Michael Shaughnessy, Kartik Sehgal, John R. Clark, Kerry L. Reynolds, Jennifer Toyohara, Steven T. Chen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Athanasios Bikas, Sara Ahmadi, Theodora Pappa, Ellen Marqusee, Kristine Wong, Matthew A. Nehs, Nancy L. Cho, Jacob Haase, Gerard M. Doherty, Kartik Sehgal, Justine A. Barletta, Erik K. Alexander, Inigo Landa
Summary: This study evaluated how additional genetic events affecting key genes modify prognosis in patients with RAS-mutant thyroid cancers. The results showed that patients with RAS and additional mutations have a worse prognosis and higher mortality risk.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Antoine Hollebecque, Juanita Lopez, Sarina Piha-Paul, Afshin Dowlati, Amita Patnaik, Vladimir Galvao, Bruno Buckorny, Kartik Sehgal, Edwin Kingsley, Rachel Sanborn, Solange Peters, Yan Sun, Gabriela Patilea-Vrana, Natalya Nazarenko, Emiliano Calvo
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
