Article
Biology
Scott M. Anthony, Natalija Van Braeckel-Budimir, Steven J. Moioffer, Stephanie van de Wall, Qiang Shan, Rahul Vijay, Ramakrishna Sompallae, Stacey M. Hartwig, Isaac J. Jensen, Steven M. Varga, Noah S. Butler, Hai-Hui Xue, Vladimir P. Badovinac, John T. Harty
Summary: IAV infection generates Trm CD8(+)T cells in mice, while repeated antigen exposure produces 4M CD8(+)T cells with enhanced protective capacity. Enhanced protection by 4M cells is associated with increased expression of granzyme A/B and stable maintenance of CD69(+)CD103(+) 4M CD8(+)T cells, improving control of viral infections in mLN.
Article
Virology
Leon C. W. Lin, Sarah N. Croft, Nathan P. Croft, Yik Chun Wong, Stewart A. Smith, Swee-Seong Tang, Anthony W. Purcell, David C. Tscharke
Summary: The study investigated the CD8(+) T cell priming pathways for Vaccinia virus (VACV) by engineering the virus to express inhibitors of antigen presentation. While the inhibitors had diverse impacts on CD8(+) T cell responses, unexpectedly, the direct priming of CD8(+) T cells by poxviruses was robust enough to withstand potent viral inhibitors of antigen presentation. This demonstrates the flexibility and robustness of immune processes in activating immune responses required to fight infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Balthasar A. Heesters, Kyah van Megesen, Ilhan Tomris, Robert P. de Vries, Giuliana Magri, Hergen Spits
Summary: FDCs play a crucial role in germinal centers by interacting with B cells and maintaining antigen gradients, while their transcriptome is still incompletely defined and some functions are substituted by MRCs and other cells. FDCs also express various genes related to T cell regulation, indicating an intimate connection with T cells.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seon-Hee Kim, Eunjung Cho, Yu Kim, Chungyong Han, Beom K. Choi, Byoung S. Kwon
Summary: The study demonstrates that post-conditioning treatment with anti-CD4 can enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) by promoting the expansion of IL-18R alpha(hi) CD8(+) T cells. This combination treatment accelerates proliferation and differentiation of tumor-reactive CD8(+) T cells and improves tumor suppression and host survival. The enrichment of polyfunctional IL-18R alpha(hi) CD8(+) T cells plays a key role in the induced tumor suppression, mediated by IL-18 signaling and TCR-MHC I interaction.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Woojong Lee, M. Suresh
Summary: This review focuses on recent insights into DC cross-presentation and the impact of clinically relevant vaccine adjuvants on DC cross-presentation efficiency. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the rational design of vaccines that elicit balanced antibody- and T cell-based immunity against infectious diseases and cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Peter M. Sullivan, Steven James Reed, Vandana Kalia, Surojit Sarkar
Summary: The study compared the phenotypic and functional characteristics of tumor-specific T cells and tumor-nonspecific bystander memory T cells within the solid tumor microenvironment, revealing that the latter can retain memory markers and functional cytokine production capabilities without antigenic stimulation. The findings suggest that T cells can persist and maintain functionality in different solid tumor environments, supporting the development of more effective TCR- and CAR-T cells through regulation of antigen and chemokine receptors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nadine Kamenjarin, Katrin Hodapp, Felix Melchior, Gregory Harms, Ann- Kathrin Hartmann, Joschka Bartneck, Sabine Muth, Verena K. Raker, Christian Becker, Anna Brand, Bjorn E. Clausen, Markus P. Radsak, Hansjorg Schild, Hans Christian Probst
Summary: Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells (TRM) in the skin require epidermal Langerhans cells, which cross-present keratinocyte-derived antigens, for their reactivation to provide protection against reinfection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eliza Mari Kwesi-Maliepaard, Heinz Jacobs, Fred van Leeuwen
Summary: T-AIM cells are a subset of memory T cells that develop memory features independently of antigen exposure. They exhibit characteristics similar to conventional memory cells, including antigen-specific responses and responsiveness to innate stimuli. T-AIM cells are suggested to provide additional levels of protection against infections and cancer.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huafeng Zhang, Jincheng Liu, Zhuoshun Yang, Liping Zeng, Keke Wei, Liyan Zhu, Liang Tang, Dianheng Wang, Yabo Zhou, Jiadi Lv, Nannan Zhou, Ke Tang, Jingwei Ma, Bo Huang
Summary: Glycolysis plays a crucial role in the recall response of CD8(+) memory T cells. This study reveals that intracellular glycogen serves as the major carbon source for the early recall response, and TCR signaling regulates this process through the phosphorylation of PYGB. This discovery highlights the specific dependence of memory T cell activation on glycogen and its potential therapeutic implications.
Article
Cell Biology
Mitchell N. Lefebvre, Fionna A. Surette, Scott M. Anthony, Rahul Vijay, Isaac J. Jensen, Lecia L. Pewe, Lisa S. Hancox, Natalija Van Braeckel-Budimir, Stephanie van de Wall, Stina L. Urban, Madison R. Mix, Samarchith P. Kurup, Vladimir P. Badovinac, Noah S. Butler, John T. Harty
Summary: The study shows that effector memory CD8 T cells rapidly infiltrate the liver after malarial infection, mediating pathogen clearance through upregulation of inflammatory genes. This highlights the crucial role of Tem in protecting against malaria infection.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chandrav De, Raymond J. Pickles, Wenbo Yao, Baolin Liao, Allison Boone, Mingyu Choi, Diana M. Battaglia, Frederic B. Askin, Jason K. Whitmire, Guido Silvestri, J. Victor Garcia, Angel Wahl
Summary: RSV infection causes severe morbidity and mortality in high-risk groups. The study demonstrated the extensive lung damage, proinflammatory immune response and protective adaptive immune response against RSV infection. Human T cells, specifically primed CD8+ T cells or CD4+ T cells, played a key role in controlling RSV replication in the absence of RSV-specific antibodies. These findings support the development of RSV vaccines to improve efficacy by inducing effective T cell responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prasida Holla, Brian Dizon, Abhijit A. Ambegaonkar, Noga Rogel, Ella Goldschmidt, Arun K. Boddapati, Haewon Sohn, Dan Sturdevant, James W. Austin, Lela Kardava, Li Yuesheng, Poching Liu, Susan Moir, Susan K. Pierce, Asaf Madi
Summary: The study identified a distinct population of B cells called atypical B cells (ABCs) in chronic infectious diseases, such as malaria, HIV, and autoimmune diseases. These ABCs may represent a separate B cell lineage with common inducers, diversifying and acquiring disease-specific characteristics and functions. In malaria, ABC subsets were identified based on isotype expression, showing differences in expansion and B cell receptor repertoire characteristics in African children.
Article
Biology
Ryan P. Staupe, Kenneth E. Lodge, Nithya Thambi, David Toole, Alex M. Tamburino, Dan Chang, Bonnie J. Howell, Daria J. Hazuda, Kalpit A. Vora, Nicole L. Sullivan
Summary: This study identifies and characterizes the compartment of long-lived plasma cells (LLPC) in non-human primates (NHP) using multi-omic single-cell profiling. The research also identifies biomarkers of LLPC and shows the expression of CD102 in LLPC in NHP, mice, and humans.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rui Dai, Xiaopei Huang, Yiping Yang
Summary: This study demonstrates the critical role of gamma delta T cells in promoting the CD8(+) T cell response to VV infection. Gamma delta T cells are able to present viral antigens and activate CD8(+) T cells, with MyD88 signaling playing a key role in this process. Understanding the regulation of adaptive T cell response by gamma delta T cells may provide insight for the development of more effective vaccine strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Manoj Patidar, Naveen Yadav, Sarat K. Dalai
Summary: IL-15, when structured into a chimeric protein, shows a significant improvement in half-life and bioavailability, enhancing its therapeutic potential. The chimeric protein, covalently linked with IgG2 base, displays a stable dimeric structure, providing greater stability and resistance to proteolytic cleavage. With a longer half-life and enhanced transpresentation by APCs to T cells, the chimeric IL-15 becomes a super-agonist for memory CD8(+) T cell responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Charlotte A. Alemao, Kurtis F. Budden, Henry M. Gomez, Saima F. Rehman, Jacqueline E. Marshall, Shakti D. Shukla, Chantal Donovan, Samuel C. Forster, Ian A. Yang, Simon Keely, Elizabeth R. Mann, Emad M. El Omar, Gabrielle T. Belz, Philip M. Hansbro
Summary: The prevalence of chronic immune and metabolic disorders is increasing rapidly, with significant associations found between alterations in the microbiome, diet, and mucous barriers in the onset and progression of these diseases. The interplay between diet, microbiome, and mucous barrier has gained attention in understanding major immune/metabolic disorders.
Article
Cell Biology
Camille Guillerey, Kimberley Stannard, Jason Chen, Sophie Krumeich, Kim Miles, Kyohei Nakamura, Jessica Smith, Yuan Yu, Susanna Ng, Heidi Harjunpaa, Michele W. L. Teng, Christian Engwerda, Gabrielle T. Belz, Mark J. Smyth
Summary: The study found that the growth of multiple myeloma was associated with changes in BM ILC2s, characterized by increased expression of maturation markers and reduced cytokine response. A subset of KLRG1(hi)ILC2s which preferentially accumulated in the liver and spleen was identified.
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Svenja Loering, Guy J. M. Cameron, Nirmal P. Bhatt, Gabrielle T. Belz, Paul S. Foster, Philip M. Hansbro, Malcolm R. Starkey
Summary: Lung innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) show differences in numbers, cell surface antigen expression, and cytokine levels between neonatal and adult mice. Female mice have more lung ILCs with different antigen expression compared to males. Additionally, mouse strain impacts ILC numbers and expression in the lung.
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jennifer Huynh, David Baloyan, David Chisanga, Wei Shi, Megan O'Brien, Shoukat Afshar-Sterle, Mariah Alorro, Lokman Pang, David S. Williams, Adam C. Parslow, Pathum Thilakasiri, Moritz F. Eissmann, Louis Boon, Frederick Masson, Ashwini L. Chand, Matthias Ernst
Summary: IL11 is a member of the IL6 family of cytokines, and plays a role in regulating CD4+ T cell-mediated antitumor responses by suppressing the activity of host CD4(+) T cells in the tumor microenvironment. This suggests a potential immunomodulatory role for IL11 in colon cancer development that could be targeted for anticytokine-based therapy.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nicolas Jacquelot, Cyril Seillet, Minyu Wang, Angela Pizzolla, Yang Liao, Soroor Hediyeh-zadeh, Sharon Grisaru-Tal, Cynthia Louis, Qiutong Huang, Jaring Schreuder, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Carolyn A. de Graaf, Kevin Thia, Sean Macdonald, Mary Camilleri, Kylie Luong, Shengbo Zhang, Michael Chopin, Tristan Molden-Hauer, Stephen L. Nutt, Viktor Umansky, Bogoljub Ciric, Joanna R. Groom, Paul S. Foster, Philip M. Hansbro, Andrew N. J. McKenzie, Daniel H. D. Gray, Andreas Behren, Jonathan Cebon, Eric Vivier, Ian P. Wicks, Joseph A. Trapani, Ariel Munitz, Melissa J. Davis, Wei Shi, Paul J. Neeson, Gabrielle T. Belz
Summary: ILC2s play a critical role in melanoma immunity by producing cytokines that enhance antitumor responses. High infiltration of ILC2s in melanoma is associated with good clinical prognosis, but their antitumor functions may be restricted by programmed cell death protein-1.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raphael Bernard-Valnet, David Frieser, Xuan-Hung Nguyen, Leila Khajavi, Clemence Queriault, Sebastien Arthaud, Silvia Melzi, Maxime Fusade-Boyer, Frederick Masson, Matthias Zytnicki, Abdelhadi Saoudi, Yves Dauvilliers, Christelle Peyron, Jan Bauer, Roland S. Liblau
Summary: This study reveals that Pandemrix (R) vaccination may induce narcolepsy through immune cross-reactivity with a self-antigen, leading to an immunopathological process. This process relies on the synergy between CD4 and CD8 T cells.
Review
Immunology
Nicolas Jacquelot, Cyril Seillet, Eric Vivier, Gabrielle T. Belz
Summary: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a role in immune responses and have been found to have pleiotropic effects in various tissues, including both tissue repair and immunopathology toward allergens and promotion of tumorigenesis. Recent studies suggest that non-NK ILCs might be harnessed for anti-tumor responses. Gabrielle Belz and colleagues review the influence of ILCs on cancer immune responses.
Article
Cell Biology
David Frieser, Aurora Pignata, Leila Khajavi, Danielle Shlesinger, Carmen Gonzalez-Fierro, Xuan-Hung Nguyen, Alexander Yermanos, Doron Merkler, Romana Hoftberger, Virginie Desestret, Katharina M. Mair, Jan Bauer, Frederick Masson, Roland S. Liblau
Summary: This study reveals the important role of tissue-resident memory T cells, particularly pathogenic CD8(+) T cells, in chronic autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. These cells are crucial for sustaining chronic inflammation and progressive loss of neurons, and they exhibit phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. The presence and functional output of tissue-resident CD8(+) T cells depend critically on CD4(+) T cells. Therefore, therapies targeting this compartmentalized autoreactive T cell subset may be effective for treating CNS autoimmune diseases.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Doron Merkler, Ilena Vincenti, Frederick Masson, Roland S. Liblau
Summary: Tissue-resident memory T cells (T-RM) are a subset of T cells that are retained in tissues and play important roles in protection against reinfection and antitumor responses. The increased density of CD8 T-RM in the central nervous system (CNS) of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases suggests its potential contribution to the pathogenesis of these diseases.
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Sophie Curio, Gabrielle T. Belz
Summary: In a new study, researchers discovered that the expression of transcription factor ZBTB46 in ILC3s in the mouse colon plays a crucial role in regulating inflammatory responses.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Huiyang Yu, Nicolas Jacquelot, Gabrielle T. Belz
Summary: This article reviews the critical role of innate lymphoid cells in tissue protection and immunity in animals, and discusses their metabolic pathways and adaptability to changing conditions. Reprogramming immune cell metabolism may offer new strategies for modulating immune cell behavior and treating various diseases.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Wang Cao, Gabrielle Belz
Summary: Pain is a characteristic symptom of intestinal inflammation. Two articles published in Cell by Zhang et al. and by Yang et al. reveal how gut sensory neurons identify bacterial pathogens, modulate gut microbiome composition, and activate immune regulatory mechanisms.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Susanne Heinzel, Hochan Cheon, Gabrielle T. Belz, Philip D. Hodgkin
Summary: Memory T cells and naive T cells have similarities in maintenance and response dynamics, but may differ in cellular fate programs. Resting memory T cells show heightened sensitivity to homeostatic cytokines and undergo controlled proliferation and return to quiescence similar to naive T cells. However, memory T cells may have reduced expansion capacity in response to activating signals compared to naive T cells.
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Chun Ki Ng, Gabrielle T. Belz
Summary: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a group of immune cells that can respond rapidly to changing microenvironmental cues. They can either protect against tumor development or promote tumor progression and resistance to immunotherapy. This review discusses the regulation of ILCs and the potential for using their functional plasticity to develop therapeutic strategies to enhance immune responses and improve patient outcomes.
Article
Oncology
N. Jacquelot, J. Tellier, S. L. Nutt, G. T. Belz
Summary: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic cellular aggregates resembling secondary lymphoid organs. Found in solid tumors, TLS exhibit varying degrees of maturation and are composed of diverse immune cell types that actively drive the immune response against tumor development and progression. Their role, prognostic value, and potential for immunotherapeutic targeting are discussed in this review.
