Review
Behavioral Sciences
Michal Pieniak, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Vittoria Avaro, Federico Calegari, Thomas Hummel
Summary: Olfactory training (OT) has been shown to benefit olfactory recovery and is debated for its potential to improve psychological functioning. Research focuses on its utility in clinical practice and the accompanying changes in olfactory loss patients and animal models. Challenges lie in methodological issues in OT research and areas requiring further scientific attention.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Kyung Soo Kim, Il-Youp Kwak, Hyun Jin Min
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the PEA-based sniffing bead test as a screening tool for olfactory dysfunction. Significant correlations were found between the PEA bead test and conventional psychophysical olfactory function testing. The PEA bead test showed high sensitivity and specificity for discriminating olfactory dysfunction. These results suggest that the PEA bead test could be a valuable screening tool for olfactory dysfunction.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Stephan Schadll, Rea Rodriguez-Raecke, Lennart Heim, Jessica Freiherr
Summary: Studies have shown that being distracted while eating can lead to overweight and obesity, with playing video games or watching TV contributing to increased snack intake. Furthermore, it has been found that cognitive tasks can influence flavor perception, resulting in decreased intensity estimates of odors when under a high cognitive load.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Natallia Kharytaniuk, E. A. Lim, E. Chan, M. Pavlou, D. J. Werring, D. E. Bamiou
Summary: This study found a high prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in iSS, and the severity of which correlated with hearing loss. Olfaction appears to be a core feature of the iSS clinical syndrome that should be assessed routinely.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Caroline Huart, Carl M. Philpott, Aytug Altundag, Alexander W. Fjaeldstad, Johannes Frasnelli, Simon Gane, Julien W. Hsieh, Eric H. Holbrook, Iordanis Konstantinidis, Basile N. Landis, Alberto Macchi, Christian A. Mueller, Simona Negoias, Jayant M. Pinto, Sophia C. Poletti, Vijay R. Ramakrishnan, Philippe Rombaux, Jan Vodicka, Antje Welge-Luessen, Katherine L. Whitcroft, Thomas Hummel
Summary: The frequent association between COVID-19 and olfactory dysfunction is leading to a demand for treatment, with systemic corticosteroids considered as an option. However, caution is advised due to weak evidence supporting their effectiveness, high rate of spontaneous recovery, and potential adverse effects. Instead, smell training, which has strong evidence and no known side effects, should be considered initially.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Agata Kokocinska, Martyna Woszczylo, Silvestre Sampino, Michal Dzieciol, Mikolaj Zybala, Anna Szczuka, Julita Korczynska, Iwona Rozempolska-Rucinska
Summary: This study aims to verify dogs' reactions to selected scents that may also be preferred by humans, finding that dogs were more likely to interact with the scents of blueberries, blackberries, mint, rose, lavender, and linalol.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Giancarlo B. Cherobin, Roberto E. S. Guimaraes, Marcia C. de Paula Gomes, Luis O. G. Vasconcelos, Ligia A. N. de Abreu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of intranasal insulin as a treatment for recalcitrant olfactory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. The study included 16 volunteers with persistent olfactory dysfunction, and their olfactory function was assessed before and after the intervention. The results showed that intranasal insulin treatment significantly improved the sense of smell in these patients.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Min-Seok Rha, Hyung-Ju Cho, Joo-Heon Yoon, Seok Jun Moon, Chang-Hoon Kim
Summary: This study found that GD is significantly associated with OD, especially in patients with PTOD. Age ≥55 years and PTOD are factors associated with a higher frequency of GD among patients with OD.
Article
Psychiatry
Francois Kazour, Boriana Atanasova, Marc Mourad, Charline El Hachem, Thomas Desmidt, Sami Richa, Wissam El-Hage
Summary: Patients in manic episodes showed deficits in identifying positive odors. They evaluated these smells as less pleasant and less emotional compared to remitted bipolar subjects and healthy controls. Mania was associated to higher emotion rating of negative smells compared to remitted subjects and controls. There was no difference between the 3 groups in the ratings of intensity and familiarity of smells, as well as in the olfactory threshold testing. The 3 groups showed no difference in the identification of negative smells.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Evan H. Reiter, Daniel Coelho, Evan M. French, Richard Costanzo
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the incidence of olfactory losses has decreased in COVID-19 cases. Using the National COVID Cohort Collaborative database, patients with and without smell and taste loss within 2 weeks of COVID-19 diagnosis were identified. The odds ratios for COVID-19-associated smell or taste disturbance decreased during the peak time intervals for Alpha, Delta, Omicron K, Omicron L, Omicron C, and Omicron B compared to the peak time interval for untyped variants. These findings suggest that the presence or absence of smell and taste disturbances may no longer predict COVID-19 infection during the recent Omicron waves and potentially moving forward.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Ruta Ruzeviciute, Bernadette Kamleitner, Zachary Estes, Dipayan Biswas
Summary: This study investigates the effect of scent on distance judgments between objects. The results suggest that scents can lead to estimation biases and make objects appear closer, regardless of scent salience and delivery mode.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ayaho Yoshino, Goekhan Goektas, Mehmet K. Mahmut, Yunmeng Zhu, Oender Goektas, Taro Komachi, Kimihiro Okubo, Thomas Hummel
Summary: The study developed a test for assessing retronasal olfaction in healthy individuals and patients with olfactory disorders using tasteless powders. Results showed high correlation between retronasal and orthonasal olfaction, with 16 stimuli effectively differentiating patients from controls.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Vidyulata Kamath, Kening Jiang, Kevin J. Manning, R. Scott Mackin, Keenan A. Walker, Danielle Powell, Frank R. Lin, Honglei Chen, Willa D. Brenowitz, Kristine Yaffe, Eleanor M. Simonsick, Jennifer A. Deal
Summary: This study examined the relationship between baseline olfactory performance and the development of significant depressive symptoms and longitudinal depression trajectories in older adults. The results showed that individuals with poorer olfaction had a higher risk of developing depression symptoms and being in higher depression trajectory groups over time. The relationship between olfaction and incident depression symptom severity was partially mediated by cognitive status.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
David T. Liu, Maha Sabha, Michael Damm, Carl Philpott, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Antje Haehner, Thomas Hummel
Summary: The study found that the presence of parosmia is associated with clinically relevant recovery in olfactory discrimination and identification function in patients with PIOD receiving olfactory training, with patients who have lower baseline olfactory function being more likely to show significant improvements.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Anna Oleszkiewicz, Laura Bottesi, Michal Pieniak, Shuji Fujita, Nadejda Krasteva, Gabriele Nelles, Thomas Hummel
Summary: This study found that performing OT twice a day was more effective in supporting olfactory rehabilitation and interventions targeted to verbal semantic fluency, especially in subjects with lower baseline scores.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2022)