Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mustafa Coramik, Hakan Citak, Yavuz Ege, Sabri Bicakci, Huseyin Gunes
Summary: The magnetic flux leakage (MFL) method is commonly used to detect discontinuity in ferromagnetic materials. This study aims to determine the optimal sensor position for the MFL method and examine the effects of crack geometry and magnetization velocity on the MFL signal. ANSYS Maxwell simulation software is used to design and produce a pipeline inspection gauge (PIG) device with the optimal magnetization velocity, sensor position, and sensor selection. Experimental investigations were carried out at different velocity values to study the velocity-dependent variation of the MFL signal.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Qiuping Ma, Guiyun Tian, Yanli Zeng, Rui Li, Huadong Song, Zhen Wang, Bin Gao, Kun Zeng
Summary: Pipelines are crucial for transporting natural gas, petroleum, and other energy resources, but they face challenges such as environmental reactions, welding defects, and external damage. Preventive measures should be taken to ensure safe operation. Various non-destructive testing methods have been developed, along with data management for maintenance.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jian Feng, Xinbo Zhang, Senxiang Lu, Feiran Yang
Summary: Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) inspection is widely used in pipeline maintenance. This study proposes a single-stage framework integrating enhancement and identification processes to improve defect identification performance. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed framework in industrial applications.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Victor Carvalho Galvao De Freitas, Valberio Gonzaga De Araujo, Daniel Carlos de Carvalho Crisostomo, Gustavo Fernandes De Lima, Adriao Duarte Doria Neto, Andres Ortiz Salazar
Summary: This study employed neural networks to estimate the speed of a pipeline inspection gauge (PIG) and used pressure difference and acceleration instead of odometers to reduce measurement errors. The results showed that the proposed approach effectively estimated the speed of the PIG, increasing measurement reliability.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xinbo Zhang, Jian Feng, Senxiang Lu, Shaoxuan Zhang
Summary: This article proposes a defect size estimation method, feature modeling decoupling framework (FMD-framework), for pipeline magnetic flux leakage (MFL) inspection. The method aims to obtain accurate sizes of defects in weld-affected zones based on MFL measurements. The FMD-framework consists of a feature extraction module to extract pure defect features and an inversion module to decouple the information of different size dimensions and achieve accurate estimation. Evaluation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Lei Wang, Huaguang Zhang, Jinhai Liu, Fuming Qu, Fengyuan Zuo
Summary: Defect size quantification is crucial for pipeline magnetic flux leakage detection system, but current methods suffer from poor applicability and low precision due to the complex industrial process. They often overlook valuable knowledge that could benefit defect size quantification. To address this, a multilevel knowledge-guided neural network method is proposed that integrates prior knowledge and specific data. Recursive residual subnet and experience-aided subnet are designed to enhance network performance and stability, while a cascade expression subnet considers both value and distribution of labels to boost network precision. Experimental results with defects in a Chinese pipeline network demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hoa-Hung Nguyen, Jae-Hyun Park, Han-You Jeong
Summary: This paper proposes an approach for estimating pipe attributes and PIG pose using 3D point cloud data. By decomposing the optimal transformation matrix estimation problem into two sub-transformations, accurate estimation of pipe attributes and PIG pose parameters can be achieved. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach has excellent accuracy and high computational efficiency.
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
A. G. Antipov, A. A. Markov
Summary: We studied a special magnetodynamic effect that occurs during high-speed testing of conductive objects using the magnetic flux leakage method. At significant speeds, the region of maximum magnetization shifts in the direction opposite to the motion due to eddy currents. This creates a magnetization zone behind the back pole, known as a tail field. By investigating the structure of the tail field, we explored the possibilities of using the leakage results to obtain defect data. Our computer simulations indicate the existence of two oppositely directed magnetic fluxes behind the back pole, one propagating within the metal and the other on its surface. The magnetic field distribution in the tail field can be utilized to differentiate between signals from surface and internal flaws.
JOURNAL OF NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yong Yang, Zeng-Meng Zhang, Yun-Rui Jia, Kang Zhang, Yong-Jun Gong
Summary: This paper investigates the importance of the motion velocity of pipeline inspection gauge (PIG) for optimal functioning and establishes velocity prediction models. By analyzing the effects of different factors on PIG force state and velocity, various models are proposed and simulated. The results demonstrate that neural network methods are more convenient, accurate, and have a broader application prospect.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ahmed Elseicy, Alex Alonso-Diaz, Mercedes Solla, Mezgeen Rasol, Sonia Santos-Assuncao
Summary: Roads are crucial for transportation and require regular inspections and maintenance. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a widely used non-destructive testing method to assess the condition of road pavements. Recent studies have combined GPR with other non-destructive testing methods to enhance its capabilities and detect potential pavement issues. Intelligent data analysis has the potential to improve the application of non-destructive testing techniques in the future.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ju-Won Kim, Jooyoung Park, Donghoon Kang, Seunghee Park
Summary: This study utilized a magnetic flux leakage method for non-destructive evaluation of surface defects on railroad tracks, and confirmed the effectiveness through numerical simulations and experiments. The results showed that MFL signals were influenced by both inspection velocity and defect depth, but remained feasible within the operational speeds of an inspection train.
SMART STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bin Liu, Qian Ge, Zihan Wu, Zheng Lian, Lijian Yang, Hao Geng
Summary: A non-uniform magnetic charge model was established to quantify detection signals in the MFL of defective pipelines. The distribution patterns of magnetic charges under different stresses were analyzed and the influences of elastic load and plastic deformation on characteristic values of MFL signals were assessed. Experimental results showed that the accuracy of MFL signals improved significantly with the improved magnetic charge model.
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Lintao Zhang, Ian M. Cameron, Paul D. Ledger, Fawzi Belblidia, Neil R. Pearson, Peter Charlton, Johann Sienz
Summary: This study investigates the impact of acceleration on the leakage signal in magnetic flux leakage type of non-destructive testing. The research employs both designed experiments and simulations. The results demonstrate that the leakage signal, indicated by the peak to peak value, decreases by 15.1% to 26.6% under acceleration. The simulation findings suggest that the decrease is primarily attributed to the difference in magnetic field distortion caused by the different eddy current distributions in the specimen under acceleration. These findings will contribute to optimizing magnetic flux leakage systems for more accurate measurement of main defect features during the acceleration phase of scanning, highlighting the importance of conducting measurements at constant velocity whenever possible.
JOURNAL OF NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Erlong Li, Xiaotian Chen, Jianbo Wu, Junzhen Zhu, Yihua Kang
Summary: As an efficient non-destructive testing (NDT) method, the magnetic flux leakage (MFL) method has been widely used to evaluate various ferromagnetic materials. This work proposes a spatial broadband MFL sensing method by using a multiple-gap-based probe to detect trans-scale defects.
JOURNAL OF NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
(2022)
Article
Remote Sensing
Parham Nooralishahi, Clemente Ibarra-Castanedo, Shakeb Deane, Fernando Lopez, Shashank Pant, Marc Genest, Nicolas P. Avdelidis, Xavier P. V. Maldague
Summary: Using drones for Non-Destructive Inspection of large and complex structures is becoming increasingly popular in various industries. Drones can reduce inspection time and cost, decrease the required personnel for inspection, and increase safety. Despite advancements in technology, there are still limitations and challenges that need to be addressed.
