Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gang Zhang, Xin He, Lixin Wang, Dazhi Yang, Kaixing Chang, Alistair Duffy
Summary: Soft faults in cables can cause short circuits and open circuits, which need to be detected and eliminated as early as possible for the safe and stable operation of the cables. The time-reversal multiple signal classification (TR-MUSIC) method has been proven effective for locating soft faults in cables due to its high resolution and noise robustness. However, traditional TR-MUSIC requires a vector network analyzer (VNA) for measuring the scattering matrix of cables, which adds complexity and cost. To address this, a new method is proposed using an arbitrary function generator and an oscilloscope to acquire the desired scattering parameters.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Cataldo, Egidio De Benedetto, Antonio Masciullo, Giuseppe Cannazza
Summary: TDR is commonly used for locating DPVs in cable systems, but limitations such as signal attenuation and dispersion in long cable systems exist. A new measurement algorithm automatically acquires multiple TDR reflectograms and balances short-distance resolution with long-distance gain to enhance the effectiveness of localizing DPVs in long cable systems.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chen Zhu, Yan Tang, Yiyang Zhuang, Jing Guo, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang
Summary: This article proposes and demonstrates the application of an open-ended hollow coaxial cable resonator (OE-HCCR) as a 1-D inclinometer for tilt measurements. By tracking the resonance frequency, the coaxial line resonator is effectively used as an inclinometer with high resolution. Additionally, a 2-D inclinometer based on two perpendicularly aligned OE-HCCRs is demonstrated. The open-ended coaxial cable resonator-based inclinometer holds several advantages, including high resolution, robustness, cost effectiveness, ease of signal interrogation, and user-configurable sensitivity and dynamic range.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Han-Ju Kim, Ji-san Park, Jaegyeong Mun, Dong-Hun Kim, Seung Hwangbo, Dong-Young Yi, Jin-Kyu Byun
Summary: This paper conducts quantitative sensitivity analyses of various parameters of water tree and input pulse to verify the feasibility of the TDR method for water tree detection in power cables. Optimal diagnostic pulse parameters are proposed based on the sensitivity analysis for efficient detection of water trees. The simulation software used is verified by comparing with experimental results of cables with artificial defects.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shuai Li, Zengguang Qin, Zhaojun Liu, Xiyu Yang, Yanping Xu
Summary: This study proposes and demonstrates a long-distance optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) with high spatial resolution based on time division multiplexing. By reconfiguring the system layout in a time-division-multiplexed manner, distributed strain sensing with high spatial resolution over long sensing range can be achieved. The proposed system allows flexible spatial resolutions in each sub-sensing unit without crosstalk among them.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Huang YueHua, Xiang Yi, Ren WenTao, Li FengJi, Li ChuanCheng, Yang TingTing
Summary: This study investigates graphene-based crack-type strain sensors and explores the effects of pre-strains, graphene film thickness, and substrate on sensor sensitivity. Thinner graphene films with more cracks exhibit higher sensitivity, and different substrates can lead to adjusted sensitivity. The optimized graphene strain sensors show high sensitivity in detecting various human motions.
SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yuan Gao, Yunsheng Jiang, Feng Qin, Cui Meng
Summary: This study introduces a signal compensation method based on Tikhonov regularization and Bayesian inference, which effectively reduces distortion caused by coaxial cables. Experimental results demonstrate that this method outperforms the commonly used inverse filtering method in signal compensation.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pengfei Shi, Zirun Li, Youfu Tang, Hongge Zhao, Renjing Gao, Shutian Liu
Summary: A design method for a strain sensor based on gradient cross section coaxial cable Bragg grating (GC-CCBG) with a low elastic modulus insulating layer was proposed in this paper to achieve a wider monitoring range, reduced tensile slip, and improved reusability. The gradient cross section of the CCBG was employed to easily adjust the band gap characteristics. A numerical example of a GC-CCBG sensor was designed using cubic spline interpolation, and a prototype with a gradient cross-section insulating layer was fabricated using 3D printing technology. Simulation and experiment were conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed method for the strain sensor, and the influence of interpolation knots on sensing characteristics was discussed.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jennifer Pearl Smith, Benjamin A. Mazin, Alex B. Walter, Miguel Daal, J. I. Bailey, Clinton Bockstiegel, Nicholas Zobrist, Noah Swimmer, Sarah Steiger, Neelay Fruitwala
Summary: High-density microwave interconnects are often used in superconducting electronics for signal transportation with minimal loss, crosstalk, and heat conduction. A superconducting 53 wt% Nb-47 wt% Ti (Nb47Ti) FLexible coAXial ribbon cable (FLAX) was designed and fabricated, with a 0.076 mm NbTi inner conductor insulated with PFA and shared Nb47Ti outer conductor. Although the cable has 1 dB loss at 8 GHz with -60 dB nearest neighbor forward crosstalk, there are impedance mismatches likely caused by manufacturing imperfections. Heat load from 1 K to 90 mK per trace is estimated to be 20 nW, half of the load from the smallest commercially available superconducting coax.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiancun Meng, Tao Sun, Linpeng Liu, Changchao Zhang, Houqi Zhao, Dakai Wang, Junqiu Zhang, Shichao Niu, Zhiwu Han, Luquan Ren
Summary: This study designed and fabricated a scorpion-inspired flexible strain sensor that improves sensor performance through ordered crack structures. The sensor exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity, excellent stability, and fast response time, and demonstrates great potential in human-health monitoring and vibration signal detection applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Letter
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Si-Shik Jeon, Jong Man Joung, Chun-Kwon Lee, Young-Dal Kim
Summary: This study proposes a cable fault detection technique based on autoencoder regression, which enables accurate condition monitoring and fault detection.
IEICE ELECTRONICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Tan, Yi Bao
Summary: This study presents a method to measure crack width using a distributed fiber optic sensor, showing high accuracy and significant effects of coating thickness, spatial resolution, and crack spacing on the measurement. It is expected to enhance crack detection, location, and quantification capabilities through the use of distributed fiber optic sensors.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Xudong Shi, Ruipu Li, Haotian Zhang, Hongxu Zhao, Yang Liu
Summary: Aviation cable faults are common due to temperature and humidity changes and vibration, and some soft faults are difficult to detect. This article proposes an augmented spread spectrum time domain reflectometry (ASSTDR) method to effectively detect soft faults in aviation cables.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marc-Andre Gutscher, Lionel Quetel, Shane Murphy, Giorgio Riccobene, Jean-Yves Royer, Giovanni Barreca, Salvatore Aurnia, Frauke Klingelhoefer, Giuseppe Cappelli, Morelia Urlaub, Sebastian Krastel, Felix Gross, Heidrun Kopp
Summary: Researchers used lasers and submarine fiber optic cables to monitor seafloor earthquakes, directly measuring permanent strain for the first time. The results showed that strain increased gradually at fault crossings on the seafloor, eventually affecting a longer section of the cable up to 500 meters on either side. These preliminary findings are highly encouraging for real-time monitoring of seafloor strain and the structural health of submarine cables using laser reflectometry.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Shenghan Zhang, Han Liu, Jeffrey Cheng, Matthew J. DeJong
Summary: This article focuses on the application of distributed fiber optic (strain) sensing technology in civil engineering, developing a mechanical model to explain fiber deformation and validating it with experiments. The study extends the model to simulate the effects of multiple cracks on fiber optic strain measurement and proposes an algorithm for distinguishing multiple cracks.
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2021)
