期刊
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
卷 103, 期 -, 页码 89-94出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.11.010
关键词
Ecotoxicology; Gastropod; Antidepressant; Locomotion; Marine ecology; Aquatic; Snails; Molluscs
资金
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute through the Precollege and Undergraduate Science Education Program [52007540]
- Dr. Randall S. Alberte Fund for Student/Faculty Research in Biology
- Department of Biology
- Office of the Provost of Gettysburg College
Human antidepressants have been previously shown to induce foot detachment from the substrate in aquatic snails. Prior to foot detachment, antidepressants also affect snail crawling speed. We tested two commonly prescribed antidepressants, venlafaxine (Effexor) and fluoxetine (Prozac) on crawling speed and time to reach the air water interface in two species of marine snail, the oyster drill Urosalpinx cinerea and the American starsnail Lithopoma americanum. Exposure to venlafaxine increased crawling speed in both species, while fluoxetine slowed them down. Our lowest LOEC (lowest observed effect concentration) was 31.3 mu g/L venlafaxine in Urosalpinx. Similarly, snails (L americanum) exposed to venlafaxine tended to move faster and more often to the air-water interface, but exposure to fluoxetine slowed them down. Our lowest LOEC was 345 mu g/L fluoxetine in Lithopoma. These results indicate that venlafaxine boosts locomotion, while fluoxetine reduces it, and both behaviors are preludes to foot detachment. The different effects of these two antidepressants on snail locomotion suggest differing physiological mechanisms of action in marine snails as well as possible ecological consequences. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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