Article
Acoustics
Anastasia Antoniou, Christakis Damianou
Summary: The study found that Polyacrylamide (PAA) and agar-based phantoms are capable of accurately replicating critical properties of human tissues, especially for MRgFUS technology. PAA gels offer optical transparency for direct visualization of coagulative lesions, while agar has low preparation costs and is suitable for MRgFUS applications.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sophie Jenne, Hans Zappe
Summary: For the development and routine characterization of optical devices used in medicine, it is essential to have tissue-equivalent phantoms that mimic a wide range of human skin properties. This study aimed to develop a tissue-equivalent phantom suitable for photoplethysmography applications. The phantom successfully replicated the optical and mechanical properties of human skin. It also demonstrated the ability to mimic pulsation and test opto-medical devices.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Aaron M. Goldfain, Paul Lemaillet, David W. Allen, Kimberly A. Briggman, Jeeseong Hwang
Summary: This article reports on techniques for manufacturing and characterizing PDMS polymer tissue-mimicking phantoms. The absorption and scattering properties of the phantoms can be independently adjusted by varying the concentrations of light absorbing carbon black powder and light scattering titanium dioxide powder. The article also introduces a concise analysis method to quantify the phantoms' optical properties and compare them to biological tissues.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Siyun Li, Elise Fear, Laura Curiel
Summary: A new formulation for a breast tissue-mimicking phantom combining microwave and ultrasound imaging was proposed to assist in breast cancer detection. Different tissue types found in the breast were mimicked using specific ingredients, resulting in the fabrication of five final phantoms with different internal structures. The structure and composition of the phantoms were confirmed through microwave and ultrasound imaging.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Paulina Listewnik, Monika Ronowska, Michal Wasowicz, Valery V. Tuchin, Malgorzata Szczerska
Summary: The research investigates the stability of fabricated porous phantoms, which can be used as a lung phantom in optical systems. Measurements were performed multiple times over 6-month intervals using the same measuring system to determine scattering and absorption parameters.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Somayeh Asadi, Sanzhar Korganbayev, Wujun Xu, Ana Katrina Mapanao, Valerio Voliani, Vesa-Pekka Lehto, Paola Saccomandi
Summary: Efforts have focused on developing nanoparticles as thermal agents for optical hyperthermia and photothermal therapy. Thermal energy transfer in biological tissue involves various mechanisms, and understanding the thermal properties of tissue, especially when nanoparticles are present, is necessary for predicting heat transfer. This study measured the thermal properties of a solid phantom with different nanoparticles and compared their thermal responses to an 808 nm laser beam. Gold nanoparticles demonstrated the highest conductivity and diffusivity. These findings are useful for mathematical modeling and pre-clinical planning.
Review
Acoustics
Sophie A. Armstrong, Rezan Jafary, John S. Forsythe, Shaun D. Gregory
Summary: Ultrasound-guided needle interventions are common in medicine, and tissue-mimicking phantoms are used for simulation training. This review evaluates tissue-mimicking materials for high-fidelity ultrasound phantoms and proposes a framework for future evaluation. Gelatin and agar have similar acoustic values to tissue, but limited mechanical properties. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has superior mechanical properties but sacrifices some ultrasound realism. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) performs well in all categories and requires hydration. Improving ultrasound-guided needle intervention training programs can enhance clinical performance.
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Saptarshi Mukherjee, Karen Dowling, Yicong Dong, Kexin Li, Adam Conway, Shaloo Rakheja, Lars Voss
Summary: With the advancement of optoelectronic device technology, a Prony-based curve-fitting method has been proposed to characterize RF pulse measurements from these devices. The method shows high accuracy in measurement data and is capable of extracting key pulse parameters, providing insights into the physics of optoelectronic devices.
IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Weiyi Liu, Huanyu Cheng, Xiufeng Wang
Summary: Wearable devices can dynamically analyze the changes in sweat biomarker levels, allowing for the analysis of pathological and physiological processes. Colorimetric skin-interfaced microfluidic devices have enhanced deformability and small footprints, but struggle with achieving long-term sampling and self-feedback for closed-loop systems. This review summarizes recent advancements in microfluidic valves for biofluid management and chrono-sampling, as well as active triggers in microfluidics self-feedback. After discussing the current limitations in temporal resolution and reliability, potential feasible strategies for future developments are suggested.
NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Simona Di Meo, Alessia Cannata, Simone Morganti, Giulia Matrone, Marco Pasian
Summary: This paper focuses on the dielectric and mechanical characterization of tissue-mimicking breast phantoms. Using easily accessible and safe components, over 100 samples were produced and tested, both in terms of dielectric and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate the potential to fabricate phantoms that can mimic the properties of human breast tissues.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Acoustics
Xinyu Zhong, Yuting Cao, Ping Zhou
Summary: Thermal ablation has become increasingly important in tumor treatment. A practical thermochromic phantom model can provide a safe platform for training and optimization. Polyacrylamide gel (PAG)-based phantoms are widely used in thermotherapy and have advantages and disadvantages that can be further improved.
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Simona Di Meo, Giulia Matrone, Marco Pasian
Summary: The proposed millimeter-wave imaging system for early-stage breast cancer detection shows promise in achieving superior resolution for breasts with a high volumetric percentage of adipose tissue, and has the potential to overcome the common misconception that millimeter-waves cannot achieve useful penetration depths for biological applications. Experimentally demonstrated for the first time with a central working frequency of about 30 GHz, the system shows a target detection capability up to 3 cm within the phantom, paving the way for possible use of millimeter-waves to image non-superficial neoplasms in the breast.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Anastasia Antoniou, Leonidas Georgiou, Theodora Christodoulou, Natalie Panayiotou, Cleanthis Ioannides, Nikolaos Zamboglou, Christakis Damianou
Summary: This study investigated the MR relaxation times T1 and T2 of different agar-based phantoms and found that T2 was predominantly affected by agar concentration, while T1 was influenced by the concentration of evaporated milk.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CLINICAL MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Biophysics
Aicha S. Lemine, Zubair Ahmad, Noora J. Al-Thani, Anwarul Hasan, Jolly Bhadra
Summary: This paper reviews the mechanical properties of human hepatic tissues and introduces the common fabrication materials for developing liver phantoms. Liver phantoms can better simulate the real tissue damage during disease progression and transplantation, and improve the diagnostic and treatment precision for patients.
BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Roberto Dima, Giovanni Buonanno, Sandra Costanzo, Raffaele Solimene
Summary: The paper addresses the curve fitting of Debye and Cole-Cole models to a dielectric permittivity spectrum, comparing the robustness and computational burden of the Levenberg-Marquardt and Variable Projection algorithms. The results show that both algorithms provide good fitting results for practical situations.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
D. Toprak, T. Yilmaz, D. Ucar
Summary: The effects of adding trace elements on biogas and biomethane production in an anaerobic reactor treating paper industry wastewater were studied. Optimum concentrations of Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, and Mg were determined. The results showed that adding trace elements significantly increased biogas and biomethane production. Additionally, reactors with trace elements added exhibited higher daily gas production and biomethane production compared to the control group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Khaleda Ali, Alessio Brizzi, Ahsan Noor Khan, Yang Hao
Summary: This article presents an analysis of on-body radio channels at millimeter-wave frequencies and proposes solutions to reduce the path loss, particularly at non-line of sight (NLoS) locations. The study conducted at 94 GHz reveals that the presence of textile and thin air between clothing and the human body surface can lower the path loss at NLoS. Additionally, attaching a thin metallic sheet underneath clothing further reduces the path loss.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sulayman Joof, Cemanur Aydinalp, Ismail Dilman, Mehmet Nuri Akinci, Tuba Yilmaz, Mehmet Cayoren, Ibrahim Akduman
Summary: In this study, a general guideline and technique for retrieving complex permittivities of materials using a deep learning model are proposed. The technique utilizes synthetic data generated from an admittance model and a four-pole Cole-Cole relaxation model, and is able to accurately predict the complex permittivities of biological tissues. The results show that the technique has a high prediction accuracy when compared with real measured data.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Hangfeng Zhang, A. Dominic Fortes, Henry Giddens, Theo Graves Saunders, Matteo Palma, Isaac Abrahams, Haixue Yan, Yang Hao
Summary: In this study, a new type of material with antiferroelectric characteristics has been reported, despite having a polar crystal structure. The material exhibits double polarization-electric field hysteresis loops over a wide range of electric field and temperature, which is different from previous observations. The study also reveals the phase transitions and structural changes in the material, and confirms its stable dielectric performance in the microwave frequency range.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Semih Dogu, Hulusi Onal, Tuba Yilmaz, Ibrahim Akduman, Mehmet Nuri Akinci
Summary: This paper analyzes a qualitative imaging method called singular source method (SSM) for two-dimensional transverse magnetic electromagnetic (2D-TM EM) inverse scattering scenarios. The contributions of the paper are summarized as follows: (i) Extending the SSM from the far-field scenario to the near-field and inhomogeneous background setup, with each step explained using linearity and reciprocity principles to provide physical insights. (ii) Deriving the relation between the electrical parameters of the scatterers and the SSM indicator. (iii) Testing the proposed method on a realistic breast model for monitoring hyperthermia treatment problems, and obtaining results that demonstrate the SSM's ability to handle realistic breast phantoms.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yubei He, Cheng-Xiang Wang, Hengtai Chang, Rui Feng, Jian Sun, Wensheng Zhang, Yang Hao, El-Hadi M. Aggoune
Summary: In this paper, a 3-dimensional non-stationary geometry-based stochastic model is proposed for maritime massive MIMO communication systems. A novel beam domain channel model is then proposed, which transforms the corresponding stochastic model from the array domain to the beam domain. Two methods are used to characterize the array non-stationarity, and important channel statistical properties are studied and compared based on the proposed models.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
T. Yilmaz, M. Yildiz, C. S. Arzum Yapici, H. U. Annak, D. Ucar
Summary: In this study, sulfidogenic up flow anaerobic reactors were used to treat textile wastewater, and Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R was used as a model dyestuff. The results showed that the reactors could efficiently remove the dye, but an increase in dye concentration resulted in a decrease in sulfate reduction and COD oxidation. Batch reactors demonstrated that biogenic sulfide produced in sulfate reduction could degrade Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R, and the presence of microorganisms increased the reduction rate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Parvathy Chittur Subramanianprasad, Yihan Ma, Achintha Avin Ihalage, Yang Hao
Summary: The design of metasurface arrays to minimize radar cross-section has been extensively studied. The use of conventional optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization presents a challenge in terms of computation time, especially for large arrays. This study proposes the application of active learning, a machine learning optimization technique, to significantly speed up the optimization process and obtain similar results compared to genetic algorithm. The active learning strategy outperforms genetic algorithm in terms of computational efficiency, particularly for larger metasurface arrays.
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Young-Ok Cha, Achintha Avin Ihalage, Yang Hao
Summary: The past century has seen significant progress in antennas and propagation (A&P) research, bringing about major changes to society and technology. In this article, a natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) approach is introduced to review A&P research based on large-scale unstructured data, providing meaningful summaries and predictions. Through analyzing 159,000 research papers published between 1981 and 2021, and applying an encoder-decoder LSTM network with integrated attention mechanism, future trends in A&P research are predicted in the form of a Gartner's hype cycle.
IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gulsah Yildiz, Iman Farhat, Lourdes Farrugia, Julian Bonello, Kristian Zarb-Adami, Charles V. Sammut, Tuba Yilmaz, Ibrahim Akduman
Summary: This study investigates the potential of using fractal octagonal ring antenna elements for breast tumor hyperthermia therapy at 2.45 GHz. Simulation and optimization of antenna excitation parameters are performed to obtain the specific absorption rate distributions for different antenna array designs. The results show that the dipole fractal octagonal ring antenna array has superior performance and feasibility in microwave hyperthermia for breast tumors.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Benjamin Vial, Sebastien Guenneau, Yang Hao
Summary: We propose an optimization approach for designing wideband thermal cloaks for objects with large thermal conductivity. The cloak achieves near-perfect cloaking over a finite frequency band and performs well in the time domain, regardless of the initial temperature distribution. Interestingly, it also works fairly well for objects with high thermal conductivity but breaks down for those with low thermal conductivity.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hulusi Onal, Tuba Yilmaz, Mehmet Nuri Akinci
Summary: Microwave hyperthermia (MH) treatment is a promising method for breast cancer, which can induce cell necrosis in malignant tumor or enhance the effect of chemotherapy. This paper presents an iterative differential microwave imaging algorithm for temperature monitoring based on Born iterative method (BIM) and Tikhonov regularization. The algorithm's feasibility is demonstrated through a large computational study using realistic digital breast phantoms. The results show that the proposed approach provides high resolution temperature estimation with low reconstruction error.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yihan Ma, Jonas Florentin Kolb, Achintha Avin Ihalage, Andre Sarker Andy, Yang Hao
Summary: Surface symmetry breaking and disorder have been utilized to address issues such as operation bandwidth, unwanted diffraction, and polarization dependence in metasurface designs. However, efficient simulation and optimization of large-scale electromagnetic structures remains challenging. This study presents an interactive learning approach to build meta-atom datasets with mutual coupling effects. A deep learning-based model extracts features from limited known meta-atoms to design aperture-efficient metasurfaces and metalenses at large scales.
ADVANCED PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohsen Khalily, Okan Yurduseven, Tie Jun Cui, Yang Hao, George Eleftheriades
Summary: Surface electromagnetics (SEM), as a sub-discipline of electromagnetic (EM) science, focuses on manipulating electromagnetic waves for controlling reflection, refraction and transmission. SEM has gained significant attention and usage in applications involving microwave, millimeter-wave, terahertz and optical wavelengths.
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Benjamin Vial, Henry Giddens, Yang Hao
Summary: This paper presents two examples of electromagnetic lenses that demonstrate the advantages of multi-material 3D printing. The first example is a frequency dependent dual focusing lens design using two different dielectric filaments. The second example is a compressed Luneburg lens realized by printing with a total of five different dielectrics.
2022 16TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (EUCAP)
(2022)
