Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. M. A. C. Moreira, I. N. Soares, Y. A. O. Assagra, F. S. I. Sousa, T. M. Nordi, D. M. Dourado, R. H. Gounella, J. P. Carmo, R. A. C. Altafim, R. A. P. Altafim
Summary: Piezoelectrets are polymeric structures with electric charged internal cavities, demonstrating high piezoelectric coefficient. Different manufacturing methods offer some degree of freedom in controlling the geometric shape of the internal cavities. This report summarizes the production methods and commonly used materials for piezoelectrets.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Connor J. Taylor, Alexander Pomberger, Kobi C. Felton, Rachel Grainger, Magda Barecka, Thomas W. Chamberlain, Richard A. Bourne, Christopher N. Johnson, Alexei A. Lapkin
Summary: From the beginning of a synthetic chemist's training, experiments are conducted based on recipes from textbooks and manuscripts. However, it has been shown that model-based, algorithm-based, and miniaturized high-throughput techniques outperform human chemical intuition in understanding chemical systems and achieving reaction optimization. Many synthetic chemists are not exposed to these techniques, leading to a disproportionate number of scientists unable to utilize these methodologies. This review serves as a reference for inspired scientists, highlighting the basics and cutting-edge of chemical reaction optimization and its relation to process scale-up.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ruibo Wang, Kai Lu, Juan Chen, Wenzhe Zhang, Jinwen Li, Yuan Yuan, Pingjing Lu, Libo Huang, Shengguo Li, Xiaokang Fan
Summary: This paper introduces a prototype system developed by the National University of Defense Technology to explore opportunities, solutions, and limits towards the next generation Tianhe system. Deployed at the National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin, the system has a theoretical peak performance of 3.15 Pflops, with 512 compute nodes and 98.3TB of memory.
TSINGHUA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lyubomir Stoyanov, Suzana Topuzoski, Gerhard G. Paulus, Alexander Dreischuh
Summary: This review focused on the generation and properties of optical vortices (OVs). Various methods for generating singular beams and determining their topological charges were described. The interaction of pairs of OVs and the generation of large arrays of OVs in square-shaped and hexagonal OV lattices were also studied. New experimental results and methods for generating arrays of long-range Bessel-Gaussian beams were presented.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Badr AbdullGaffar
Summary: Quantum mechanics and surgical pathology are connected, as the principles and applications of quantum mechanics can be used to explain the structure and changes in biological molecules, as well as the development of diseases. This connection may have significant implications for the future of surgical pathology.
ADVANCES IN ANATOMIC PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Alfred Lenin Fred, Subbiahpillai Neelakantapillai Kumar, Ajay Kumar Haridhas, Sayantan Ghosh, Harishita Purushothaman Bhuvana, Wei Khang Jeremy Sim, Vijayaragavan Vimalan, Fredin Arun Sedly Givo, Veikko Jousmaki, Parasuraman Padmanabhan, Balazs Gulyas
Summary: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) plays a crucial role in diagnosing brain disorders, offering higher signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution compared to electroencephalography (EEG). MEG signals reflect the physiological state of neurological disorders and aid in disease diagnosis. Analysis of MEG data during resting state and specific tasks allows for the diagnosis of various neurological disorders. Furthermore, computer-aided algorithms are expected to play a significant role in diagnosing and predicting neurological diseases in the future.
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Qianqian Fan, Walton Wider, Choon Kit Chan
Summary: This paper presents a literature review on the topic of organizational performance, focusing on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) and counterproductive work behaviors (CWB). The paper provides an explanation of the concepts and presents a comprehensive framework for understanding their meanings and hierarchy.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Crystallography
Hui Shi, Ziqi Zhou, Wuda Li, Yuan Fan, Zhihua Li, Junchao Wei
Summary: Hydroxyapatite is widely used in bone tissue engineering for its bioactivity and biocompatibility, with researchers exploring ways to improve its physical properties and biological functions. Functionalized HA has been prepared using methods such as ion doping and surface modification, and applications in bone tissue engineering have been discussed in this review. The review provides a general understanding of the development of hydroxyapatite-based materials for researchers.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xinlong Lin, Justin Zhu Yeow Seow, Zhichuan J. Xu
Summary: The PEM water electrolyzer plays a crucial role in green hydrogen production and offers advantages such as low resistance and improved mass transport for higher energy efficiency and reduced capital costs. Utilizing PEM enables sustainable hydrogen production with superior energy efficiency, higher purity, and flexibility. As PEM electrolyzers continue to evolve, larger-scale sustainable hydrogen production will become a reality in the future.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-ENERGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Xavier A. Harrison
Summary: Recent advances in tagging and biologging technology have provided unprecedented insights into wild animal physiology, but analyzing time-series data from wild tracking studies presents numerous challenges, requiring careful application of existing statistical tools to obtain robust quantitative estimates. Researchers can optimize information yield by avoiding pitfalls, optimizing study design, and addressing inherent limitations through a combination of simulated and real datasets.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Wei Xu, Naoya Kumagai
Summary: Nitrogen-containing macrocycles are of great interest due to their unique structures and wide range of applications in organic chemistry, therapeutic developments, and materials science. The nitrogen atoms in these macrocycles play important roles in interacting with metal cations or small molecules, making them suitable for catalysis, fluorescent sensors, and host-guest chemistry. This article summarizes highly symmetric nitrogen-containing N3/N4/N6 macrocycles with key N-heteroarenes such as pyrroles, pyridines, quinolines, and (iso)indoles. The connectivity of N-heteroarene subunits allows for the construction of both flat and non-flat cyclic architectures. The synthesis, structure, and properties of these macrocycles are highlighted.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Joanna Brzeska, Agnieszka Piotrowska-Kirschling
Summary: Polyurethanes are considered green products when they contain renewable additives and can be easily degraded and recycled. Efforts by scientists and technologists focus on creating ideal polyurethanes that adhere to principles of sustainable economy.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pawel Jan Zuk
Summary: The concept of ions originated from Michael Faraday and has since achieved numerous successes in research. The motion of charged molecules is essential for energy flow in living organisms and is utilized in industries and entertainment. Despite nearly 200 years of study, there are still many open technological and fundamental questions waiting to be answered.
CONTEMPORARY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Operations Research & Management Science
Sonali Sharma, K. Palpandi
Summary: In this paper, it is proven that among the class of rank-one symmetric tensors, Q-tensors are exactly the positive tensors. Furthermore, for a symmetric Q-tensor A of specific conditions, it is shown that A is a special type of tensor.
OPTIMIZATION LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiao-Meng Wang, Xi-Ru Zhang, Zhi-Hao Li, Wen-Fang Zhong, Pei Yang, Chen Mao
Summary: With the rapid growth of medical information, healthcare providers find it difficult to review all relevant evidence for making optimal clinical decisions. Meta-analyses have become the best evidence for informing clinical practice by summarizing and synthesizing existing evidence. This article introduces the common methods, steps, principles, strengths, and limitations of meta-analyses to help healthcare providers and researchers gain a basic understanding of their use in clinical practice and research.
JOURNAL OF GENE MEDICINE
(2021)