Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Siming Weng, Pei Yuan, Lidan Lu, Dongliang Zhang, Lianqing Zhu
Summary: In this study, a novel silicon-based AWG was designed and fabricated as a critical component for fiber Bragg grating interrogation systems. By modifying the input waveguide with an MMI coupler, the AWG achieved higher demodulation precision and wider dynamic range. The optimized AWG exhibited excellent performance with low crosstalk, wide dynamic range, and high resolution, showing great potential for fiber Bragg grating interrogation.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ting Li, Pei Yuan, Shufeng Li, Ke Li, Lianqing Zhu
Summary: Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogator is a scientific instrument that indirectly monitors physical quantities by detecting the center wavelength of FBG. An arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), a fundamental part of the FBG interrogation system, is designed and fabricated for a photonic integrated FBG interrogation system with 12 channels, a 3 dB bandwidth of 2.23 nm, insertion loss of less than 5 dB, and crosstalk of -16.64 dB. The AWG has a wavelength resolution of 8 pm and a wavelength accuracy of 10.59 pm in the dynamic range of 0.8 nm, making it suitable for FBG interrogation systems.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Shiping Liu, Heming Hu, Xiaoyue Ma, Runyu Dong, Qing Fang, Hua Chen
Summary: A low-crosstalk compact arrayed waveguide grating integrated with a tunable micro-ring resonator is demonstrated on a silicon-on-insulator platform. The side-lobe of the silicon nanowire AWG, introduced by fabrication errors, can be effectively suppressed by the Ring Filter. The crosstalk level of the side-lobe can be reduced from -16.3 dB to -26.8 dB. In addition, the crosstalk of the integrated AWG has improved over the entire 3 dB bandwidth, with a maximum crosstalk improvement of 8.9 dB at the left and right wavelengths of the 3 dB bandwidth. The excess loss from the ring resonator can be ignorable in principle.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuo Yuan, Jijun Feng, Zhiheng Yu, Jian Chen, Haipeng Liu, Yishu Chen, Song Guo, Fengli Huang, Ryoichi Akimoto, Heping Zeng
Summary: This article proposes a silicon nanowire-assisted AWG structure that achieves high uniformity and low insertion loss. By comparing the effect of nanowire number and shape, it is found that double nanowires provide the best performance. Compared to conventional 8- and 16-channel AWGs, the presented structure significantly improves non-uniformity without increasing size.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shufeng Li, Pei Yuan, Ting Li, Ke Li, Lianqing Zhu
Summary: This article presents a 15-channel 400 GHz AWG based on silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate, which has good spectral characteristics and can be used as a spectral device in the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogation system.
PHOTONICS AND NANOSTRUCTURES-FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jun Zou, Lingfeng Li, Yuan Zhuang, Changhui Wang, Ming Zhang, Zichun Le, Xuyang Wang, Gaozhe Cai, Shilun Feng, Jian-Jun He
Summary: This study presents a polarization-insensitive micro-spectrometer based on a (N + 3) x (N + 3) arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The micro-spectrometer achieves enhanced channel wavelength spacing and channel number enlargement through time division multiplexing. Experimental results demonstrate the good performance of the micro-spectrometer, making it promising for applications in FBG sensor readout units and optical waveguide sensor systems.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ke Li, Pei Yuan, Lidan Lu, Mingli Dong, Lianqing Zhu
Summary: This article introduces a scientific instrument called FBG interrogator, which converts the wavelength change of FBG sensors into readable electrical signals. By designing and fabricating a 36-channel AWG, the authors achieved miniaturization and integration of the FBG interrogator. The test results show that the FBG interrogation technology based on AWG can accurately demodulate FBG wavelengths, and it has high application value in various fields.
Article
Optics
Xiaowan Shen, Chenlei Li, Weike Zhao, Huan Li, Yaocheng Shi, Daoxin Dai
Summary: This paper proposes and realizes a silicon arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) with a channel spacing of 1.6 nm for dense wavelength-division (de)multiplexing systems. By widening the arrayed waveguides beyond the singlemode regime, random phase errors and propagation loss are minimized without additional fabrication requirements. Euler-bends are introduced to reduce the device footprint and prevent excitation of higher-order modes. An example of a compact 16 x 16 AWG (de)multiplexer with single-etched 220-nm-thick silicon photonic waveguides is achieved, exhibiting low excess loss and adjacent-channel crosstalk.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yu Zheng, Yunming Li, Yixiong Yan, Pan Zhang, Ji'an Duan
Summary: This letter presents the design and optimization idea of an ultra-compact echelle grating (EG) demultiplexer based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) in the O-band for Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) systems. The correlation between optical performance and design parameters of the EG device is analyzed using Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) theory, providing a more accurate optimization reference. Further optimization is achieved by adjusting the blaze angle of the grating facets and the position of the output waveguides based on the simulated field distribution. The device has four channels with a channel spacing of 20 nm and a small footprint of only 140x100 μm2. Simulated insertion loss for all channels is below 2 dB with insertion loss uniformity of less than 1 dB, and the crosstalk is better than 40 dB.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jun Zou, Xiao Ma, Xiang Xia, Changhui Wang, Ming Zhang, Jinhua Hu, Xuyang Wang, Jian-Jun He
Summary: A novel wavelength multiplexer utilizing AWG and PCR technologies for wavelength multiplexing with reduced footprint and loss has been proposed. Experiments show promising results with low on-chip loss and high bandwith, indicating great potential for future high-capacity data transmission systems.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qingyu Wang, Honghai Shen, Weiqi Liu, Pengzhang Dai
Summary: This paper proposes an immersion echelle spectrometer combined with a three-mirror astigmatism optical system, achieving high resolution and compact size for missile tail flame detection. The optical system operates in the 3.7-4.8 micrometer band with a resolution of 23,000-45,000.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Taesu Ryu, Moohyuk Kim, Yongsop Hwang, Myung-Ki Kim, Jin-Kyu Yang
Summary: The study demonstrated high-efficiency metalenses based on silicon-on-insulator that can focus incident beams with high efficiency. The metalenses with a Si/ma-N disk array showed strong focusing capabilities at telecommunication wavelengths.
Article
Optics
Muhammad Shemyal Nisar, Liangjun Lu
Summary: This paper presents a grating coupler for polarization-insensitive coupling, with low polarization-dependent loss for efficient light signal transmission in a specific wavelength range. The design is based on a 500 nm SOI platform and features a simple and compact 1D structure.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yu Wang, Srivathsa Bhat, Netsanet Tessema, Rafael Kraemer, Antonio Napoli, Giovanni Delrosso, Nicola Calabretta
Summary: An ultrawide-band, polarization insensitive arrayed waveguide grating has been designed and realized, which can be used as a demultiplexer and multiplexer in photonic integrated circuits. Experimental results show its high performance in terms of insertion losses, cross-talk, polarization dependent loss, and polarization dependent wavelength shift.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
B. Chmielak, S. Suckow, J. Parra, V. C. Duarte, T. Mengual, M. A. Piqueras, A. L. Giesecke, M. C. Lemme, P. Sanchis
Summary: An enhanced grating coupler design based on an amorphous silicon layer on top of silicon nitride is proposed to improve the directionality of the coupler, while maintaining low waveguide losses.
Article
Optics
Avijit Chatterjee, Shankar Kumar Selvaraja
Summary: We present an on-chip photodetector integrated wavelength filter on a SiN-on-silicon-on-insulator (SOD) platform in the 850 nm wavelength window. The experimental results demonstrate the successful realization of a six-channel wavelength filter with a channel spacing of 10 nm, and the integration of a silicon nano-slab waveguide integrated metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector. This technology has potential applications in short-reach communication and sensing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mi Wang, Xiangfeng Chen, Umar Khan, Wim Bogaerts
Summary: In this paper, a novel filter circuit that combines a double ring resonator with a balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is proposed. The circuit offers increased configurability compared to conventional ring loaded MZI filters. The filter can be programmed using a combination of local and global optimization strategies, and has been tested in simulations and experiments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Gaehun Jo, Pierre Edinger, Simon J. Bleiker, Xiaojing Wang, Alain Yuji Takabayashi, Hamed Sattari, Niels Quack, Moises Jezzini, Jun Su Lee, Peter Verheyen, Iman Zand, Umar Khan, Wim Bogaerts, Goran Stemme, Kristinn B. Gylfason, Frank Niklaus
Summary: The emerging fields of silicon photonic MEMS and optomechanics offer new possibilities for developing high-performance photonic devices with ultra-low power consumption. In this study, we demonstrate the wafer-level vacuum sealing of Si photonic MEMS inside cavities with ultra-thin caps featuring optical and electrical feedthroughs. The sealed cavities provide protection for the MEMS devices and enable optical and electrical connections between the inside and outside.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sneha Kumari, Siddharth Nambiar, Rakshitha Kallega, Shankar Kumar Selvaraja, Sumanta Gupta
Summary: This study demonstrates the design, fabrication, and performance estimation of an integrated Bragg grating (IBG) filter with stressed Si3N4 periodic layer over silicon waveguide. The influence of stress-optic effect on the optical performance of the proposed IBG filter is experimentally verified. The study shows that filters designed using numerical simulation considering stress effect exhibit similar optical performance to fabricated filters, and an increase in the number of grating periods can enhance the extinction ratio.
IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lukas Van Iseghem, Ewout Picavet, Alain Yuji Takabayashi, Pierre Edinger, Umar Khan, Peter Verheyen, Niels Quack, Kristinn B. Gylfason, Klaartje De Buysser, Jeroen Beeckman, Wim Bogaerts
Summary: Low-power and compact phase shifters are crucial for large photonic circuits. This work demonstrates a novel structure using liquid crystal for phase shifting, where the liquid crystal is locally deposited on the waveguide to achieve strong electric field control.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Krishna Chand Maurya, Dheemahi Rao, Shashidhara Acharya, Pavithra Rao, Ashalatha Indiradevi Kamalasanan Pillai, Shankar Kumar Selvaraja, Magnus Garbrecht, Bivas Saha
Summary: The interaction between light and collective charge oscillations and polar lattice vibrations plays a crucial role in confining light at deep subwavelength dimensions. This study demonstrates tunable short-wavelength infrared plasmon-polariton and long-wavelength infrared phonon-polariton in III-V group polar semiconducting scandium nitride thin films.
Article
Optics
Partha Mondal, Shankar K. Selvaraja
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate the generation of an electro-optic comb in the near-IR range through discrete phase and amplitude modulation driven by RF signal generators. The generated comb spectra undergo nonlinear spectral broadening while propagating through a hybrid waveguide structure of Si-rich nitride and graphene oxide films. The strong modal overlapping between the waveguides and the nonlinear films effectively enhances the nonlinearity of the system, leading to the achievement of broadband comb spectra in the near-IR range.
Article
Optics
Dipak Rout, P. Venkatachalam, Radhakant Singh, P. Shree Lakshmi, Shankar Kumar Selvaraja
Summary: Researchers have successfully demonstrated an on-chip, in-plane polarization independent multi-spectral color filter in the visible to near-infrared wavelength range. The filter features four-channel transmission and in-plane spectral filter characteristics spanning a 400-nm spectral range. This research provides important technological support for developing robust integrated photonic platforms for on-chip devices.
Article
Optics
Pavithra Rao, Akshay Keloth, Shankar Kumar Selvaraja
Summary: We demonstrate a miniaturized wafer-scale optical gas sensor that combines the gas cell, an optical filter, and integrated flow channels. We present the design, fabrication, and characterization of an integrated cavity-enhanced sensor. Using the module, we demonstrate absorption sensing of ethylene down to 100 ppm level.
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Umar Khan, Iman Zand, Pierre Edinger, Gaehun Jo, Simon J. Bleiker, Alain Yuji Takabayashi, Cleitus Antony, Moises Jezzini, Giuseppe Talli, Hamed Sattari, Jun Su Lee, Arun Kumar Mallik, Peter Verheyen, Saurav Kumar, Cristina Lerma Arce, Marco Garcia, Tigers Jonuzi, Jan Watte, Niels Quack, Frank Niklaus, Kristinn B. Gylfason, Wim Bogaerts
Summary: We present our work in the European project MORPHIC to extend an established silicon photonics platform with low-power and non-volatile micro-electromechanical (MEMS) actuators to demonstrate large-scale programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs).
INTEGRATED PHOTONICS PLATFORMS II
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wim Bogaerts, Alain Yuji Takabayashi, Pierre Edinger, Gaehun Jo, Iman Zand, Peter Verheyen, Moises Jezzini, Hamed Sattari, Giuseppe Talli, Cleitus Antony, Mehrdad Saei, Cristina Lerma Arce, Jun Su Lee, Arun Kumar Mallik, Saurav Kumar, Marco Garcia, Tigers Jonuzi, Kristinn B. Gylfason, Niels Quack, Frank Niklaus, Umar Khan
Summary: This paper presents a method to extend silicon photonics with MEMS actuators for low-power, large scale programmable photonic circuits. By adding free-standing movable waveguides to the existing silicon photonics platform, phase shifters and tunable couplers can be implemented using electrostatically actuated MEMS. The MEMS devices are protected using wafer-level sealing and interfaced with custom multi-channel driver and readout electronics.
SMART PHOTONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 2022
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jing Zhang, Emadreza Soltanian, Bahawal Haq, Stefan Ertl, Johanna Rimbock, Bozena Matuskova, Emanuele Pelucchi, Agnieszka Gocalinska, Joris Van Campenhout, Guy Lepage, Peter Verheyen, Wim Bogaerts, Gunther Roelkens
Summary: We present a C-band optical transmitter with an integrated widely-tunable III-V-on-silicon laser, fabricated using micro-transfer printing on the imec iSiPP50G platform. The back-to-back operation at 40 Gbit/s non-return-to-zero On-Off keying over the C-band is demonstrated.
2022 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (OFC)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pierre Edinger, Alain Yuji Takabayashi, Carlos Errando-Herranz, Umar Khan, Cleitus Antony, Giuseppe Talli, Peter Verheyen, Wim Bogaerts, Niels Quack, Kristinn B. Gylfason
Summary: The research team has demonstrated a nonvolatile photonic MEMS pi-phase switch, which has low loss, low dispersion, and can be cycled through over 100 times with retention times over 12 hours. This technology opens up new possibilities for the development of programmable photonic chips.
2022 IEEE 35TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (MEMS)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alain Y. Takabayashi, Duarte Silva, Hamed Sattari, Pierre Edinger, Peter Verheyen, Kristinn B. Gylfason, Wim Bogaerts, Niels Quack
Summary: Programmable photonics offers a wide range of optical functions and reduces the time and costs of photonic integrated circuit development. The primary challenge lies in the difficulty of increasing component density due to excessive power consumption. In this study, we propose a MEMS-based Silicon Photonic power coupler that provides high optical performance within a compact footprint, enabling power-efficient active function of fast and continuous power tuning.
2022 IEEE 35TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (MEMS)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hong Deng, Wim Bogaerts
Summary: The configurable modulator demonstrated in this study, implemented with a silicon Mach-Zehnder interferometer featuring a plasma dispersion modulator and tunable couplers, can function as a phase modulator or intensity modulator with optimized modulation response.
2021 IEEE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GROUP IV PHOTONICS (GFP 2021)
(2021)
