Polarimetric Response of Landslides at X-Band Following the Wenchuan Earthquake

A fully polarimetric response of landslide areas at X-band was studied by a Chinese high-resolution airborne synthetic aperture radar system. Polarimetric decompositions, including the Yamaguchi four-component decomposition and the Cloude decomposition, are used to analyze the scattering mechanisms of several typical landslides caused by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in southwestern China. The experimental results indicate that areas affected by large-scale landslides show complicated scattering mechanisms at X-band, which are a mixture of surface, double bounce, and volume scattering. Simple classification results based on supervised Wishart classifier and polarimetric scattering similarity parameters are also presented, which can distinguish landslide areas from others, such as forest and water, very well. However, it does not perform well for urban areas. Additional information, such as prelandslide imagery, is needed to distinguish landslide areas from urban areas or bare soil. From these results, we can conclude that landslide mapping using fully polarimetric data has great potential for rapid response and management of landslide disasters.