Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ming-Dian Li, Xing-Chao Cui, Si-Wei Chen
Summary: Ship monitoring using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an important application, with constant false alarm rate (CFAR) methods commonly used for ship detection. However, challenges arise in dense ship detection near shorelines. A new superpixel-level CFAR detector is proposed, incorporating a labeling procedure for discriminating between pure clutter superpixels and mixture superpixels, as well as a nonlocal topology strategy for adaptive threshold estimation. The proposed method outperforms traditional CFAR detectors and recent superpixel methods in detecting inshore dense ship regions.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Mohamed Sahed, Elhadi Kenane, Ali Khalfa, Farid Djahli
Summary: In this paper, two exact closed-form expressions for the probability of false alarm are derived for a homogeneous Gamma distributed clutter. These expressions are applicable to both the cell averaging CFAR (CA-CFAR) and the greatest of CFAR (GO-CFAR) detectors. The proposed expressions, given in terms of the Gauss hypergeometric function and the second Appell function, are numerically examined and validated by comparing them to counterparts computed using numerical integrals and Monte-Carlo simulations, considering various scenarios.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Tao Liu, Ziyuan Yang, Armando Marino, Gui Gao, Jian Yang
Summary: This article presents a novel neighborhood polarimetric covariance matrix (NPCM) technique for detecting small ships in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) images. By utilizing the spatial correlation between neighborhood pixels, NPCM significantly improves separability between ship targets and sea clutter. However, the use of neighborhood information comes at the expense of higher computation cost.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liang Zhang, Zhijun Zhang, Shengtao Lu, Deliang Xiang, Yi Su
Summary: This paper proposes a new superpixel-based non-window CFAR ship detection method for SAR images, which resolves the problems of CFAR detection being affected by speckle noise and having a high computation load caused by the sliding window technique. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves ship detection with higher speed and accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art methods.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhou Xu, Chongyi Fan, Shuiying Cheng, Jian Wang, Xiaotao Huang
Summary: This article introduces a distribution independent ship detector for PolSAR images, utilizing an adaptive linear filter and an iteration optimization algorithm to maximize the target-to-clutter ratio. The proposed detector demonstrates comparable performance with state-of-the-art methods and robustness to algorithm initialization, without modeling the statistical distribution of clutter. Further investigation on the effects of polarization characteristics provides insights into linear polarization enhancement.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Diego Silva Medeiros, Fernando Dario Almeida Garcia, Renato Machado, Jose Candido S. Santos Filho, Osamu Saotome
Summary: Sea clutter is a persistent issue in radar systems, and the K-distribution is a promising model to accurately represent sea signal variations. The cell-averaging CFAR (CA-CFAR) detector, due to its balance between performance and implementation, has been widely used to improve radar performance in clutter environments. This study assesses radar performance using a CA-CFAR detector operating over K-distributed sea clutter with fully correlated texture, and provides closed-form expressions for the probability of detection and the probability of false alarm.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hicham Madjidi, Toufik Laroussi
Summary: In this study, an automatic bilateral censoring and detection method is proposed and analyzed for log-normal sea clutter using the AML-CFAR detector. By resorting to linear biparametric adaptive thresholds, a logarithmic amplifier is introduced to transform the distribution to Gaussian. The AML estimates of the unknown mean and standard deviation parameters are used to compute the censoring thresholds and estimate the detection threshold, resulting in better performance compared to state-of-the-art detectors in simulations on both simulated and real SAR images.
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhenyu Li, Jianlai Chen, Yi Xiong, Hanwen Yu, Huaigen Zhang, Bing Gao
Summary: A hierarchical scheme of ship detection, imaging, and classification is proposed in this paper, which utilizes a single-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mounted on maneuvering rotor platforms. The scheme involves ship prescreening using an adaptive background window model and discrimination based on micro-Doppler motion properties, which is validated through simulation and field data processing.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jian Xue, Jun Liu, Shuwen Xu, Meiyan Pan
Summary: This article focuses on the problem of detecting marine targets using coherent radars in a correlated heavy-tailed sea clutter background. A compound-Gaussian model is used to model the heavy-tailed sea clutter, and the clutter texture is characterized by a lognormal distribution. An adaptive coherent detector is developed based on the two-step generalized likelihood ratio test, which achieves adaptation to sea clutter characteristics and ensures a constant false alarm rate.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Diego X. Bezerra, Joao A. Lorenzzetti, Rafael L. Paes
Summary: Satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are efficient tools for monitoring ships at sea, but false alarms discrimination remains a key problem. This study combined SAR images with ocean wind and wave data to explore the relationship between false alarms and changing ocean conditions. By analyzing different ocean environments, a discrimination threshold adjustment based on wave age was derived to effectively reduce false alarms. This novel approach could be tested and evaluated for different SAR sensors.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Jiaqiu Ai, Zhilin Pei, Baidong Yao, Zhaocheng Wang, Mengdao Xing
Summary: This article proposes an automatic identification system (AIS) data aided Rayleigh constant false alarm rate (AIS-RCFAR) ship detection algorithm of multiple-target environment in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The algorithm effectively eliminates high-intensity outliers in the local background window while accurately modeling the probability density function of the sea clutter. It greatly enhances the detection rate and reduces the false alarm rate.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Xiangwei Meng
Summary: The study focuses on the advantages of the RS nonparametric CFAR detector in maintaining a constant false alarm rate, comparing its performance in clutter edges and multiple targets situations with other CFAR methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lenin Patricio Jimenez Jimenez, Fernando Dario Almeida Garcia, Maria Cecilia Luna Alvarado, Gustavo Fraidenraich, Eduardo Rodrigues de Lima
Summary: This study provides a general cell-averaging constant false alarm rate (CA-CFAR) performance analysis in homogeneous Weibull-distributed clutter environments. It derives generalized expressions for the probability of detection (PD) and probability of false alarm (PFA) that allow arbitrary values for the shape parameter. Monte-Carlo simulations confirm the derived expressions, showing improved radar detection with increasing shape parameter.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jie Zhou, Junhao Xie
Summary: This paper proposes a KLQ-CFAR detector based on the KLQ estimator for background level estimation. It is found that the KLQ estimator has higher estimation efficiency than the SQ estimator and the performance of KLQ-CFAR is explored in multiple-target scenarios and non-Gaussian clutter.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Tao Liu, Yanni Jiang, Armando Marino, Gui Gao, Jian Yang
Summary: This study proposes a polarimetric detection optimization filter (PDOF) for ship detection via synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The PDOF is optimized by maximizing the target clutter ratio (TCR), and it has been shown to achieve the best performance in most environments.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
