Article
Oceanography
Simone Sauer, Wei-Li Hong, Haoyi Yao, Aivo Lepland, Martin Klug, Florian Eichinger, Tobias Himmler, Antoine Cremiere, Giuliana Panieri, Carsten J. Schubert, Jochen Knies
Summary: Sampling and analysis in active methane seep sites in deep water have revealed important methane distribution patterns and source characteristics.
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zeinab Jeddi, Lars Ottemoller, Mathilde B. Sorensen, Sara Rezaei, Steven J. Gibbons, Marte L. Stromme, Peter H. Voss, Trine Dahl-Jensen
Summary: The study utilized Ocean Bottom Seismographs to relocate seismic activity in the Arctic region, improving location and magnitude information and detecting numerous earthquakes, including swarm activity at Molloy Deep. The research also provided further evidence of a low-velocity anomaly offshore Svalbard, demonstrating the importance of deploying permanent OBSs for earthquake monitoring.
SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marius Philipp, Andreas Dietz, Tobias Ullmann, Claudia Kuenzer
Summary: This study presents a monitoring framework for quantifying annual change of permafrost-affected coasts in the Arctic using Synthetic Aperture RADAR (SAR) data and Deep Learning (DL) techniques. The study reveals significant coastal erosion rates in the Arctic, with the United States (Alaska) having the highest average annual erosion rate followed by Russia. The findings provide valuable insights for future analysis of permafrost loss and carbon emissions in Arctic coastal environments.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. J. Dickson, M. Davies, A. S. Cohen, M. -l. Bagard
Summary: During the early Paleogene, the closure of seaways that connected the Arctic Ocean to the global ocean resulted in severe hydrographic restriction. New osmium isotope data from organic-rich sediments in the central Arctic Ocean during the Early-Middle Eocene show that the isotopic composition of osmium in Arctic seawater began to differ from that of the global ocean after the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 hyperthermal event, likely due to the gradual closure of seaways connecting the two oceans.
GEOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Damon C. Burtt, Darcy J. Corbin, Joshua R. Armitage, Brian M. Crosland, A. Melina Jefferson, Gregory A. Kopp, Larry W. Kostiuk, Matthew R. Johnson
Summary: This article presents a methodology for measuring the carbon conversion efficiency and species emission rates in a flare burning in a closed-loop wind tunnel. The developed methodology considers various factors and has been assessed with a comprehensive Monte Carlo uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. Results show that the methodology can achieve accurate measurements with a systematic bias uncertainty in the range of 0.04% to 0.55% for carbon conversion efficiency and within +/- 3.25% for methane emission rates at a 95% confidence level.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Economics
John Aldersey-Williams, Ian D. Broadbent, Peter A. Strachan
Summary: Recent interest in the Levelised Cost of Energy (LCOE) for offshore wind has led to extensive media coverage, but there have been concerns about misinterpretation and misreporting of the findings. This research note highlights the need for caution in using the original paper's conclusions, especially when projecting future cost trends.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
C. S. Engelbrecht, G. Diendorfer, F. F. Bologna
Summary: This paper presents a methodology to quantify the year-to-year variability of the lightning outage rate of transmission lines based on stochastic and climatological variations in lightning incidence. The findings suggest that the standard deviation of Ln(Ng) typically falls between 0.3 and 0.6 with a median of 0.423, based on data from ALDIS and EUCLID.
2022 36TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LIGHTNING PROTECTION (ICLP 2022)
(2022)
Article
Geology
Nore Praet, Maarten Van Daele, Jasper Moernaut, Thomas Mestdagh, Thomas Vandorpe, Britta J. L. Jensen, Robert C. Witter, Peter J. Haeussler, Marc De Batist
Summary: Seismic hazards in subduction settings typically arise from megathrust, intraslab and crustal earthquake sources. This study investigates the sedimentary record of Skilak Lake in Alaska to evaluate whether different seismic sources leave a distinct imprint and demonstrates the potential of the lake's sedimentary record for comprehensive seismic hazard analysis in south-central Alaska.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jochen Mohrmann, Jens Greinert
Summary: This article presents an algorithm that improves the quality and accuracy of seafloor mapping by aligning consecutive pings and calculating a globally consistent solution. The algorithm was tested on AUV and ship-based datasets, allowing for quantitative comparisons.
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Valentin Buck, Flemming Staebler, Jochen Mohrmann, Everardo Gonzalez, Jens Greinert
Summary: In this study, a web-based framework is introduced for contextual analysis of multiple data sources in time and space, enabling simultaneous visualization of multidimensional data and facilitating comprehensive study of the Earth System and its different environments.
COMPUTERS & GRAPHICS-UK
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Aihemaiti Maitituerdi, Maarten Van Daele, Dirk Verschuren, Marc De Batist, Nicolas Waldmann
Summary: This study utilizes seismic data to reconstruct the sedimentary history of Lake Chala and to identify the major stages in its evolution. The study reveals the changes in lake sedimentation over the past 250,000 years, providing important insights into the climate and environmental changes in the region.
JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geology
Ariana Molenaar, Maarten Van Daele, Jyh-Jaan Steven Huang, Michael Strasser, Marc De Batist, Mario Pino, Roberto Urrutia, Jasper Moernaut
Summary: In-situ soft sediment deformation structures (SSDS) are commonly used as paleoseismic indicators. The deformation is mainly influenced by the presence of volcanogenic deposits and the shaking strength of earthquakes.
SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sabine Haalboom, Timm Schoening, Peter Urban, Iason-Zois Gazis, Henko de Stigter, Benjamin Gillard, Matthias Baeye, Martina Hollstein, Kaveh Purkiani, Gert-Jan Reichart, Laurenz Thomsen, Matthias Haeckel, Annemiek Vink, Jens Greinert
Summary: The dispersion and deposition of sediment plumes during deep-sea mining activities in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) were studied using optical and acoustic sensors. The experiment showed that seafloor imagery and sensors recording optical and acoustic backscatter are effective tools for monitoring sediment dispersion. The researchers recommended the use of AUVs for underwater imaging and particle size sensors to better understand the impact of suspended particle aggregation on backscatter signals.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mario E. Veloso-Alarcon, Peter Urban, Tim Weiss, Kevin Koeser, Mengkun She, Jens Greinert
Summary: Two lander-based devices, Bubble-Box and GasQuant-II, were used to investigate a seep area offshore Oregon, United States, providing insights into the spatial and temporal variability of gas flow rates using visual and hydroacoustic methods. The study found relatively constant bubble size distributions and calculated flow rates over time, indicating the site's classification as a normally active seep area.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Robotics
Marc Seidel, Torsten Frey, Jens Greinert
Summary: The BASTA project aims to improve underwater UXO detection approaches and data acquisition techniques. It successfully integrated three magnetometers to an AUV and achieved reliable detection of munitions.
JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Peter Urban, Mario E. Veloso-Alarcon, Jens Greinert
Summary: Water column imaging multibeam echo sounder systems (MBESs) have the potential to estimate gas bubble volume flow in large gas seepage areas. However, the lack of published processing methods has hindered their widespread use. This study presents a novel method called echo grid integration, which allows for assessing the backscattering cross section of targets within water layers and quantifying bubble stream gas flow rates using existing acoustic inversion methods. Numerical simulations validate the method's accuracy and uncertainty, showing promising results for gas flow quantification.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benson Mbani, Jens Greinert
Summary: We provide analysis-ready optical underwater images from the CCZ of the Pacific Ocean, which were originally recorded using a towed camera sledge at a water depth of 4,250 meters. The images have been pre-processed to address visual quality degradation and inconsistent scale. Accompanying metadata, including geographic coordinates, seafloor depth, absolute scale, and habitat class, are also provided. These images are directly usable for seafloor substrate classification and megafauna detection by the marine scientific community.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaolong Song, Tingkai Nian, Thomas Mestdagh, Marc De Batist
Summary: Natural gas hydrates (NGHs) are recognized as a clean alternative energy source and can trigger marine geohazards. This paper presents a numerical method for calculating excess pore pressure associated with hydrate dissociation in submarine sediments. The dynamic stability of submarine slopes experiencing gas hydrate dissociation is evaluated, and the findings are applied to investigate the dynamic responses of hydrate slopes in the South China Sea.
GAS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akihiro Hachikubo, Hirotsugu Minami, Hirotoshi Sakagami, Satoshi Yamashita, Alexey Krylov, Gennadiy Kalmychkov, Jeffrey Poort, Marc De Batist, Andrey Manakov, Oleg Khlystov
Summary: The study reports the molecular and stable isotope compositions of hydrate-bound gases collected from 59 sites in Lake Baikal between 2005 to 2019. The hydrate-bound methane has a δD distribution lower than in the marine environment due to the difference in δD between lake water and seawater. Hydrate-bound gases originate from microbial, thermogenic, and mixed gas sources. Microbial ethane was found at approximately one-third of the sites with lower stable isotope compositions compared to thermogenic ethane. The formation process of microbial ethane and methane is affected by the low hydrogen isotope ratios in lake water.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wei Chen, Joanna Staneva, Sebastian Grayek, Johannes Schulz-Stellenfleth, Jens Greinert
Summary: Temperature extremes have direct and indirect effects on the marine environment, ecosystems, hydrodynamics, and marine life. This study analyzed the role of heat wave events in the occurrence and persistence of thermal stratification in the North Sea. The results showed that the differences in stratification between the northern and southern North Sea are attributed to changes in water depth.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Matthias Baeye, Kaveh Purkiani, Henko de Stigter, Benjamin Gillard, Michael Fettweis, Jens Greinert
Summary: The purpose of this study was to measure the background suspended particulate matter concentration (SPMC) and its increase due to mechanical mobilization of the seabed in the DISCOL area. The study found that the SPMC in the disturbance area was easily up to 10 mg/L, about 200 times higher than the background concentration. The downstream sediment plume had a SPMC of about 1 mg/L. The transport of the plume was controlled by tides and vertical velocity component, and depending on the particle size, the plume could disperse for up to 100+ days until the background concentration is reached.