Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Pinaki Bhattacharjee, Nicholas Rutland, Malliga R. Iyer
Summary: This article summarizes the literature on various SOAT inhibitory agents and discusses the design, structural requirements, and mode of action of SOAT inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Civieri, Laura Iop, Francesco Tona
Summary: This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the effects of AT1R-AAs and ETAR-AAs in cardiovascular pathologies, highlighting their roles in heart transplantation and mechanical circulatory support, preeclampsia, and acute coronary syndromes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Schiffmann, Lena Ahlswede, Gerald Gimpl
Summary: The enzyme ACAT can translocate from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into vesicular structures in response to ACAT inhibitors, and this process can be reversed by oleic acid. The translocation can also be induced by cyclodextrins, cholesterol, lanosterol, stress stimuli, etc. ACAT remains fully active in vesicles and the translocation is prevented by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiangyu Zhang, Trent D. Evans, Sunny Chen, Ismail Sergin, Jeremiah Stitham, Se-Jin Jeong, Astrid Rodriguez-Velez, Yu-Sheng Yeh, Arick Park, In-Hyuk Jung, Abhinav Diwan, Joel D. Schilling, Oren Rom, Arif Yurdagul, Slava Epelman, Jaehyung Cho, Irfan J. Lodhi, Bettina Mittendorfer, Babak Razani
Summary: The mTOR pathway plays a significant role in atherosclerosis, with mTORC1 promoting lesion formation and mTORC2 inhibiting inflammatory response and regulating plaque complexity. The balanced and opposing roles of these two arms of mTOR signaling have important implications for plaque size and complexity.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yukio Fujiwara, Shota Okada, Keisuke Uryu, Isafumi Maru, Yoshihiro Komohara
Summary: The extract of Ilex kudingcha has been shown to inhibit cholesterol accumulation and atherosclerosis by suppressing ACAT activity.
BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Julia Schrankl, Michaela Fuchs, Katharina Broeker, Christoph Daniel, Armin Kurtz, Charlotte Wagner
Summary: This study investigated the cell-specific localization of AT(1) receptor expression in rodent and human kidneys, revealing conserved AT(1) receptor mRNA expression sites in the (juxta)glomerular areas and tubulointerstitium across species, potentially serving as main target sites for ANG II in adult kidneys.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bo Wang, Boxuan Liang, Yuji Huang, Zhiming Li, Bingli Zhang, Jiaxin Du, Rongyi Ye, Hongyi Xian, Yanhong Deng, Jiancheng Xiu, Xingfen Yang, Sahoko Ichihara, Gaku Ichihara, Yizhou Zhong, Zhenlie Huang
Summary: Exposure to micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) is common and recent studies have shown that they can exacerbate atherosclerosis. In this study, ApoE(-/-) mice were exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) and it was found that PS-NPs aggravate artery stiffness and promote atherosclerotic plaque formation. PS-NPs activate phagocytosis of M1-macrophage in the aorta, disrupt lipid metabolism, and increase long-chain acyl carnitines (LCACs). The accumulation of LCACs exacerbates PS-NP-induced atherosclerosis by upregulating MARCO.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Shinya Taguchi, Kengo Azushima, Takahiro Yamaji, Toru Suzuki, Eriko Abe, Shohei Tanaka, Keigo Hirota, Shunichiro Tsukamoto, Ryutaro Morita, Ryu Kobayashi, Sho Kinguchi, Akio Yamashita, Hiromichi Wakui, Kouichi Tamura
Summary: The combination of ATRAP deletion and Ang II stimulation accelerates the development of DKD in STZ-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice that are resistant to kidney injury, which may be associated with intrarenal RAS overactivation.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jia-Hui Su, Yu Hong, Cong-Cong Han, Jie Yu, Xin Guan, Ya-Mei Zhu, Cheng Wang, Ming-Ming Ma, Rui-Ping Pang, Jing-Song Ou, Jia-Guo Zhou, Zi-Yi Zhang, Tao Ban, Si-Jia Liang
Summary: CsA-induced atherosclerosis after organ transplantation is a major concern, but its mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that miR-204 plays an important role in CsA-induced atherosclerosis by inhibiting foam cell formation and reducing plaque lesions. Therefore, miR-204 may be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of CsA-related atherosclerotic side effects.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Supaporn Kulthinee, Adis Tasanarong, Martha Franco, Luis Gabriel Navar
Summary: In angiotensin II (Ang II)-dependent hypertension, both angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1R) and purinergic P2X receptors (P2XR) are involved in maintaining renal vasoconstriction. The interaction between AT1R and P2XR activation is regulated by the release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). P2XR exerts a dominant influence that can abrogate the actions of AT1R on renal afferent arterioles in Ang II-dependent hypertension. This finding has important clinical implications for the treatment of kidney function impairment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aurelie Philippe, Gunnar Kleinau, Jason Jannis Gruner, Sumin Wu, Daniel Postpieszala, David Speck, Harald Heidecke, Simon J. Dowell, Gabriela Riemekasten, Peter W. Hildebrand, Julian Kamhieh-Milz, Rusan Catar, Michal Szczepek, Duska Dragun, Patrick Scheerer
Summary: This study investigates the effects of AT(1)R-Abs on G-protein signaling and cell proliferation, as well as the involvement of extracellular receptor loops. The results show that AT(1)R-Abs activate G(q/11) signaling, leading to cell proliferation and inhibiting receptor internalization. Additionally, ligand-independent activation of G(i) signaling by AT(1)R has a negative effect on cell proliferation. The study also identifies the involvement of certain extracellular receptor loops in the interaction between AT(1)R and antibodies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Afaque Alam, Maurizio Caocci, Mi Ren, Zheng Chen, Fengming Liu, Mst Shamima Khatun, Jay K. Kolls, Xuebin Qin, Tricia H. Burdo
Summary: This study demonstrates that HIV infection induces inflammation and immune activation in arterial plaque through the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway. Caspase-1 activation in myeloid cells is associated with HIV-associated atherosclerosis. Caspase-1 deficiency in mice suppresses plaque deposition and foam cell formation, and the deficiency in hematopoietic cells reduces atherosclerotic plaque burden and macrophage infiltration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marina Amaral Xavier, Flavia Roberta Brust, Jessica Waldman, Alexandre Jose Macedo, Maria Aparecida Juliano, Itabajara da Silva Vaz, Carlos Termignoni
Summary: This study suggests that ticks obtain cholesterol from blood meals and interfering with cholesterol metabolism can impair tick reproductive ability and egg development, proposing enzymes and other proteins involved in cholesterol metabolism as potential targets for tick control methods.
TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Saba Ahmed, Justin Konig, Lora J. Kasselman, Heather A. Renna, Joshua De Leon, Steven E. Carsons, Allison B. Reiss
Summary: This study investigated the effects of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on cholesterol transport in THP1 human macrophages. The results showed that HCQ did not significantly impact cholesterol transport in macrophages, which is consistent with the findings of the TARGET study.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sijia Li, Chenguang Zhou, Yinghui Zhu, Zhiwen Chao, Zhiyuan Sheng, Yongxin Zhang, Yuanzheng Zhao
Summary: The study shows that Ferrostatin-1 can effectively protect astrocytes from ferroptosis induced by Angiotensin II, reduce the production of inflammatory factors, and exert protective effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)