Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Arkadiusz Grzeczka, Pawel Kordowitzki
Summary: There is significant variability in the aging-related decline of oocytes among mammalian species. The evolutionary conservation of the aging mechanism and the need to develop antiaging strategies have attracted widespread interest. Resveratrol, an antioxidant, has shown antiaging properties and the ability to enhance Sirtuin 1 activity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuzi You, Wei Liang
Summary: Aging is a complex biological process characterized by progressive functional deterioration and increased risk of mortality, driven by various mechanisms such as DNA damage, chronic inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. Sirtuins (SIRTs), a family of NAD+-dependent enzymes, play important roles in regulating aging-related processes. Among the seven mammalian SIRT isotypes (SIRT1-7), SIRT1 and SIRT6 are well-known for their roles in regulating signaling pathways related to aging. This review discusses the protective effects of SIRT1 and SIRT6 in aging-related diseases at multiple levels and explores the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 and SIRT6 modulators in the treatment of these diseases and the challenges involved.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kim Cat Tuyen Vo, Yorino Sato, Kazuhiro Kawamura
Summary: Oocyte quality is crucial for female fertility. Oxidative stress is known to impair oocyte quality, but increasing evidence suggests that the sirtuin family can protect oocyte quality by acting as antioxidants.
REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Masroor Anwar, Rashmita Pradhan, Sharmistha Dey, Rahul Kumar
Summary: The population of older individuals is increasing rapidly, but only a small fraction among them is able to experience a healthy life. Aging, due to lack of physical exercise and oxidative stress, leads to sarcopenia and frailty. Sarcopenia, a component of frailty, is defined as age-related degenerative changes in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and quality. Although the loss of muscle strength and mass seems inevitable during aging, it can be partially prevented or overcome by understanding the underlying pathogenesis. Sirtuin protein has been found to increase longevity in various organisms, including worms and mammals. Physical exercise leads to an increase in the expression of sirtuin protein, which in turn strengthens muscle mass. Satellite cells play a role in muscle repair in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Additionally, SIRT1 improves insulin sensitivity and induces autophagy in aged mice. This paper discusses the potential role of sirtuins in sarcopenia and frailty, highlighting the pathways through which sirtuins can inhibit ROS production, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunctions, offering protection against frailty and sarcopenia. The critical role of sirtuins in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and frailty could eventually lead to the development of novel interventions targeting sirtuins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rita Martin-Ramirez, Rebeca Gonzalez-Fernandez, Jairo Hernandez, Pablo Martin-Vasallo, Angela Palumbo, Julio avila
Summary: This study demonstrates that celastrol and melatonin can enhance cell survival under oxidative stress conditions. Melatonin protects cells by inducing SIRT1, SIRT6 and SIRT7 gene expression, while celastrol mainly acts through inducing SIRT7 gene expression.
Review
Cell Biology
Ling Wang, Jinhua Tang, Lei Wang, Feng Tan, Huibin Song, Jiawei Zhou, Fenge Li
Summary: Oxidative stress plays a significant role in oocyte aging, leading to a gradual decrease in oocyte quantity and quality, as well as various reproductive pathologies. Strategies to delay oocyte aging include targeting oxidative stress through autophagy antioxidant pathways and antioxidants, along with creating a hypoxic culture environment for oocytes in vitro.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Tianyi Lv, Beijia Cao, Jianpeng Qin, Yaozong Wei, Bo Pan, Jiangfeng Ye, Guangbin Zhou
Summary: This study investigates whether melatonin can modulate oxidative stress in parthenogenetic 2-cell embryos derived from vitrified-warmed oocytes through SIRT1. The results demonstrate that melatonin can reduce oxidative stress by regulating SIRT1 and promote the development of vitrified-warmed mouse MII oocytes.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alessandro Mengozzi, Sarah Costantino, Francesco Paneni, Emiliano Duranti, Monica Nannipieri, Rudj Mancini, Michele Lai, Veronica La Rocca, Ilaria Puxeddu, Luca Antonioli, Matteo Fornai, Marco Ghionzoli, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Chiara Ippolito, Nunzia Bernardini, Frank Ruschitzka, Nicola Riccardo Pugliese, Stefano Taddei, Agostino Virdis, Stefano Masi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of SIRT1 in microvascular dysfunction caused by age and obesity in humans. The results showed that SIRT1 is a central regulator of early microvascular damage caused by age and obesity. Through the regulation of mitochondrial protein expression and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels, it influences nitric oxide availability and the expression of proteins involved in the mitochondria respiratory chain. Therapeutic modulation of SIRT1 can restore obesity- and age-related endothelial dysfunction.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jun Han, Shuo Wang, Huarong Wang, Tuo Zhang, Ye Yang, Ting Zhao, Ziqi Chen, Guoliang Xia, Chao Wang
Summary: Impaired fertility is a major side effect of chemotherapy for female cancer patients due to damage to oocyte quality. This study demonstrates that reduced expression of the antioxidant enzyme SIRT1 exacerbates the effects of the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin on oocyte maturation. Increasing SIRT1 expression can partially alleviate these effects and improve fertilization ability and developmental competence of oocytes and embryos.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sydney L. Lane, Jason C. Parks, Jennifer E. Russ, Shaihla A. Khan, William B. Schoolcraft, Ye Yuan, Mandy G. Katz-Jaffe
Summary: Ovarian aging is characterized by elevated oxidative stress and diminished oocyte competence, however, antioxidant treatment with acai in aged mice effectively improved blastocyst formation and implantation potential by upregulating NRF2 to enhance ovarian function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Pawel Kordowitzki, Wing-Hong Jonathan Ho, Dave R. Listijono
Summary: The search for an anti-aging miracle drug is ongoing worldwide, with an increasing number of older women relying on assisted reproductive technologies for pregnancy, resulting in a significant increase in the age of women having their first child.
Article
Cell Biology
Yang Yu, Xiaoyu Song, Xiaoxun Wang, Lixia Zheng, Guojing Ma, Weiwei Liu, Han Su, Xiyan Liu, Tingting Liu, Liu Cao, Difei Wang
Summary: Sirt1 and Nur77 play a protective role in aging and cell senescence, but their levels decrease with age and oxidative stress. This study found that deficiency of Nur77 exacerbates aging-related nephropathy and stabilizes Sirt1 during renal aging.
Article
Cell Biology
Ren-Ren Chen, Jia Wang, Min Zhang, Qiao-Qiao Kong, Guang-Yi Sun, Chun-Hui Jin, Ming-Jiu Luo, Jing-He Tan
Summary: This study examined the effects of psychological stress on oocyte development in female mice and found that the stress accelerated oocyte aging, impairing their resistance to aging and affecting their developmental potential. The findings highlight the importance of avoiding stressful life events before pregnancy to improve reproductive outcomes.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Bing Si Li, Ri Zhe Zhu, Seok-Hee Lim, Jae Ho Seo, Byung-Min Choi
Summary: Apigenin has shown anti-aging effects in vitro by reducing senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, promoting cell growth, inhibiting specific proteins, and increasing kinase activity, potentially through regulating SIRT1 and CD38 levels.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun-Hee Kim, Su-Yeon Lee, Eun-Young Kim, Kyeoung-Hwa Kim, Mi-Kyoung Koong, Kyung-Ah Lee
Summary: The decrease in quality of postovulatory aged oocytes is caused by oxidative stress and affects the success rate of assisted reproductive technology (ART). The citrus coumarin AUR has antioxidant effects and can delay the aging process of oocytes by alleviating oxidative stress. This study confirms that AUR can improve the quality of aged oocytes and suggests it as a potential clinical supplement to prevent postovulatory aging.
Review
Neurosciences
Roberto Altieri, Davide Barbagallo, Francesco Certo, Giuseppe Broggi, Marco Ragusa, Cinzia Di Pietro, Rosario Caltabiano, Gaetano Magro, Simone Peschillo, Michele Purrello, Giuseppe Barbagallo
Summary: The composition and molecular signatures of the glioma core and infiltrative margins differ, with the tumor edge enriched in microglia. Microglia in HGGs play a dual role, with activation in M1 phenotype exhibiting a scavenger-tumoricidal role, while activation in M2 phenotype favoring tumor growth and infiltration. Modulation of microglia-glioma cross-talk may lead to more effective therapies.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Cristina Barbagallo, Antonio Di Maria, Adriana Alecci, Davide Barbagallo, Salvatore Alaimo, Lorenzo Colarossi, Alfredo Ferro, Cinzia Di Pietro, Michele Purrello, Alfredo Pulvirenti, Marco Ragusa
Summary: The study introduces the VECTOR database, which can identify and visualize relationships among RNA molecules based on the ceRNA model. The database contains expression correlation values of miRNA-mRNA, miRNA-lncRNA, and lncRNA-mRNA pairs combined with predicted or validated RNA-RNA interactions, as well as other related data.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanna Di Emidio, Stefano Falone, Paolo Giovanni Artini, Fernanda Amicarelli, Anna Maria D'Alessandro, Carla Tatone
Summary: Mitochondrial sirtuins play a crucial role in protecting the body from aging and metabolic abnormalities, particularly in enhancing the biological competence of reproductive cells, organs, and embryos.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Michele Stella, Luca Falzone, Angela Caponnetto, Giuseppe Gattuso, Cristina Barbagallo, Rosalia Battaglia, Federica Mirabella, Giuseppe Broggi, Roberto Altieri, Francesco Certo, Rosario Caltabiano, Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo Barbagallo, Paolo Musumeci, Marco Ragusa, Cinzia Di Pietro, Massimo Libra, Michele Purrello, Davide Barbagallo
Summary: The study suggests that sEV-derived circSMARCA5 and circHIPK3 are potential diagnostic biomarkers for GBM, especially when combined with preoperative NLR, PLR, and LMR to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Giovanna Di Emidio, Carla Tatone, Vincenza Barbato, Vincenzo Genovese, Martina Placidi, Riccardo Talevi, Roberto Gualtieri
Summary: This study evaluated the potential fertoprotective effects of the specific inhibitor of SIRT1, EX-527, on the loss of primordial follicles (PFs) caused by the treatment side effects in female cancer patients. The results showed that EX-527 reduced PF activation and growth induced by the treatment while PM promoted PF activation. Therefore, SIRT1 could be a candidate molecule for protecting ovarian follicles from alkylating agents and EX-527 could be a potential fertoprotective agent for cancer patients.
JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Vitale, Sara Colanero, Martina Placidi, Giovanna Di Emidio, Carla Tatone, Fernanda Amicarelli, Anna Maria D'Alessandro
Summary: This study summarizes recent research on herbal preparations for wound management, finding that several herbal medicaments have activity at different stages, with components such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and phenolic compounds contributing to this activity. The application of natural compounds using nanotechnology systems may significantly improve the efficacy of wound treatments.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Placidi, Giovanna Di Emidio, Ashraf Virmani, Angela D'Alfonso, Paolo Giovanni Artini, Anna Maria D'Alessandro, Carla Tatone
Summary: The importance of bioenergetics in the reproductive process has highlighted the role of carnitines as mitochondrial modulators. Carnitine supplementation may help counteract energetic and redox imbalances during in vitro culture and cryopreservation. Carnitines activate pathways involved in antiapoptotic, antiglycative, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory signaling, potentially improving oocyte and embryo competence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosalia Battaglia, Angela Caponnetto, Anna Maria Caringella, Anna Cortone, Carmen Ferrara, Salvatore Smirni, Rossana Iannitti, Michele Purrello, Giuseppe D'Amato, Bernard Fioretti, Cinzia Di Pietro
Summary: Resveratrol may improve reproductive performance in aged women with a poor ovarian reserve by regulating specific microRNAs involved in metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis, thus enhancing the follicular microenvironment.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carla Tatone, Giovanna Di Emidio
Review
Cell Biology
Marco Ponzetti, Nadia Rucci, Stefano Falone
Summary: Disruption of redox homeostasis and RNA methylome-dependent control of gene expression play critical roles in cancer resistance to treatment. However, little research has focused on the involvement of redox-dependent or -responsive signaling pathways in the epitranscriptome-directed adaptations underlying acquired and/or innate resistance traits in cancer. This review summarizes the current understanding of this topic and provides new perspectives for delaying or preventing refractory cancer and tumor recurrence.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Antonio Giordano, Nadia Rucci, Stefano Falone
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Grazia Palmerini, Guido Macchiarelli, Domenica Cocciolone, Ilaria Antenisca Mascitti, Martina Placidi, Teresa Vergara, Giovanna Di Emidio, Carla Tatone
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the morphological and molecular changes in the PCOS uterus and the regulatory effects of different carnitine formulations. The results showed that the PCOS uterus had tissue and oxidative damage, and carnitine administration alleviated these damages and maintained mitochondrial content.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Placidi, Teresa Vergara, Giovanni Casoli, Irene Flati, Daria Capece, Paolo Giovanni Artini, Ashraf Virmani, Samuele Zanatta, Anna Maria D'Alessandro, Carla Tatone, Giovanna Di Emidio
Summary: Carnitines play a crucial role in treating polycystic ovarian syndrome by improving metabolism and reproductive function through modulating mitochondrial activity and redox homeostasis.
Article
Oncology
Marco Ponzetti, Argia Ucci, Chiara Puri, Luca Giacchi, Irene Flati, Daria Capece, Francesca Zazzeroni, Alfredo Cappariello, Nadia Rucci, Stefano Falone
Summary: This study investigated the effects of osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles (OB-EVs) on the phenotype, energy metabolism, and oxidative status of osteosarcoma cells. The results showed that OB-EVs reduced the aggressiveness and viability of osteosarcoma cells through redox-dependent signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)