Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Wiktor Drozdz, Michal Wicinski, Anna Maria Szota, Monika Szambelan, Izabela Radajewska, Igor Poplawski, Pawel Wojciechowski
Summary: This review examines the efficacy of combining neuroleptic and non-antipsychotic treatment in individuals with schizophrenia. The results suggest that a combination of antipsychotic medication with aspirin, simvastatin, N-acetylcysteine, or pioglitazone can significantly reduce both negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Marco Carli, Francesco Weiss, Giovanna Grenno, Sergio Ponzini, Shivakumar Kolachalam, Francesca Vaglini, Cristina Viaggi, Carla Pardini, Simone Tidona, Biancamaria Longoni, Roberto Maggio, Marco Scarselli
Summary: Bipolar disorders (BDs) are a heterogeneous group of affective disorders characterized by alternating manic, depressive, and mixed phases, with variable intervals of normal mood. BDs are associated with high comorbidity, suicide risk, and reduced life expectancy. Treatment can be challenging, especially for complicated forms, but mood stabilizers remain the mainstay pharmacotherapy.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Anastasiia S. Boiko, Irina A. Mednova, Elena G. Kornetova, Valeria I. Gerasimova, Alexander N. Kornetov, Anton J. M. Loonen, Nikolay A. Bokhan, Svetlana A. Ivanova
Summary: This study compared the changes in cytokine levels in schizophrenia patients receiving atypical antipsychotics with or without metabolic syndrome. The results showed that treatment with atypical antipsychotics had different effects on inflammatory cytokine levels depending on the presence of MetS. Patients with MetS experienced increased levels of certain cytokines, while those without MetS had decreased levels of other cytokines after treatment.
Article
Neurosciences
Helia Hosseini, Mahan Shafie, Alia Shakiba, Hani Ghayyem, Mahsa Mayeli, Matineh Hassani, Vajiheh Aghamollaii
Summary: This study aims to investigate the characteristics of valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia (HA) and its association with the total dose, duration, and level of valproic acid. The study also explores whether the use of valproic acid in combination with other medications affects serum ammonia levels. The results show that 17% of patients receiving valproic acid treatment developed HA, with symptomatic cases occurring in 15 patients. Co-administered medications were found to be associated with valproic acid levels, and further research is recommended.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soo Min Jeon, Hae-Young Park, Susan Park, Un Sun Chung, Jin-Won Kwon
Summary: This cohort study in children and adolescents with depression suggests that adjunctive use of antipsychotics with antidepressants is associated with movement disorders and seizures compared to antidepressant monotherapy, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of the risk-benefit profile of antipsychotic use in this population.
Article
Microbiology
Marjan Enshaeieh, Geita Saadatnia, Jalal Babaie, Majid Golkar, Samira Choopani, Mohammad Sayyah
Summary: The study showed that valproic acid can inhibit chronic Toxoplasma infection and reduce the copy numbers of specific proteins and DNA in the brains of mice, comparable to the common medication TMP-SMZ.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
P. D. J. Bollen, H. A. B. Prins, A. Colbers, K. Velthoven-Graafland, B. J. A. Rijnders, T. E. M. S. De Vries-Sluijs, E. van Nood, J. Nouwen, H. Bax, M. de Mendonca Melo, A. Verbon, D. M. Burger, C. Rokx
Summary: This study confirms protein displacement as the main mechanism for the dolutegravir/valproic acid drug-drug interaction, although additional mechanisms might be involved too. If dolutegravir is taken with food, this drug-drug interaction is probably not clinically relevant.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Leslie Citrome, Jan Volavka
Summary: This text discusses the evaluation of the anti-hostility effects of atypical antipsychotic agents, highlighting the research on clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics in terms of their independent impact on hostility. It also points out some limitations of the studies conducted in this area.
HARVARD REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ritu Nayak, Idan Rosh, Irina Kustanovich, Shani Stern
Summary: Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are psychiatric disorders with heterogeneous conditions and variable heredity. Mood stabilizers like lithium and valproic acid have shown effectiveness in treatment trials. Using induced pluripotent stem cells as disease models can help understand the molecular etiologies of these disorders and alleviate some disease phenotypes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Dietrich-Muszalska, Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas, Pawel Nowak
Summary: The study shows that patients with schizophrenia have higher levels of oxidative stress compared to healthy subjects, but a 4-week treatment with atypical antipsychotics can reduce lipid peroxidation and increase total plasma antioxidant activity.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Xinyu Fang, Chunying Gao, Weifeng Wu, Xiuxiu Hu, Miaomiao Shao, Chou Zhou, Renliang Cai, Jin Fang, Yi Li, Yue Xu, Xiangrong Zhang
Summary: This study explored the relationship between weight gain in schizophrenia patients with atypical antipsychotic treatment and gut microbiome. The results showed that there were no significant differences in alpha diversity between normal-weight and overweight schizophrenia patients treated with atypical antipsychotics. However, the beta diversity analysis revealed distinct clustering patterns for overweight and normal-weight patients. The composition of the gut microbiome also differed between the two groups. Function prediction identified several pathways that were significantly different between groups. Correlation analysis indicated associations between specific bacteria and BMI. Overall, these findings suggest that perturbations in the gut microbiome composition and functional pathways may contribute to weight gain in schizophrenia patients treated with atypical antipsychotics.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Renata Santos, Sara B. Linker, Shani Stern, Ana P. D. Mendes, Maxim N. Shokhirev, Galina Erikson, Lynne Randolph-Moore, Vipula Racha, Yeni Kim, John R. Kelsoe, Anne G. Bang, M. Alda, Maria C. Marchetto, Fred H. Gage
Summary: The study revealed that the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was severely affected and the expression of LEF1 was significantly decreased in Li-non-responsive neurons, potentially contributing to lithium resistance. Valproic acid upregulated LEF1, reducing excitability in Li-non-responsive neurons.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Akitoyo Hishimoto, Norio Yasui-Furukori, Daisuke Sekine, Miyuki Matsukawa, Sakiko Yamada
Summary: This study compared the time to treatment discontinuation between patients with schizophrenia prescribed brexpiprazole (BRX) and those prescribed other atypical antipsychotics (OAA) using health insurance claims data. The results showed that patients in the BRX group were less likely to discontinue treatment and had higher treatment continuation rates compared to the OAA group.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Marek Krzystanek, Anna Warchala, Beata Tredzbor, Ewa Martyniak, Katarzyna Skalacka, Artur Palasz
Summary: Sexual dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia are often severe and may be related to antipsychotic medication side effects or the illness itself. This study suggests that amantadine could be a potential treatment for improving sexual functioning in these patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Banny Silva Barbosa Correia, Joao Victor Nani, Raniery Waladares Ricardo, Danijela Stanisic, Tassia Brena Barroso Carneiro Costa, Mirian A. F. Hayashi, Ljubica Tasic
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of antipsychotic drugs on blood serum lipids in an SCZ animal model and normal control rats, revealing similar lipid alterations to those seen in SCZ patients. The use of psychostimulants in normal rats resulted in decreased ω-3 fatty acids, similar to the first episode of psychosis in SCZ. CLZ was found to reverse lipid metabolism changes in SHR.
Article
Substance Abuse
Fumihiko Ueno, Sachio Matsushita, Sachiko Hara, Shunji Oshima, Sungwon Roh, Vijay A. Ramchandani, Masaru Mimura, Hiroyuki Uchida
Summary: The study found that exposure to acetaldehyde following acute intravenous alcohol appears to have a negative impact on sustained attention and working memory, whereas there seems to be only a minor effect of moderate alcohol concentration on speed and accuracy.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohamed Ismail, Thomas Straubinger, Hiroyuki Uchida, Ariel Graff-Guerrero, Shinichiro Nakajima, Takefumi Suzuki, Fernando Caravaggio, Philip Gerretsen, David Mamo, Benoit H. Mulsant, Bruce G. Pollock, Robert Bies
Summary: The study developed a software tool for predicting dopamine D-2 receptor occupancy using sparse plasma concentration measurements, providing clinicians with a convenient way to explore treatment strategies in patients with schizophrenia. The software demonstrates high accuracy and accessibility.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kohei Kitagawa, Ryuhei So, Nobuyuki Nomura, Masaru Tsukahara, Fuminari Misawa, Masafumi Kodama, Hiroyuki Uchida, Robert Bies, Thomas Straubinger, Christopher Banker, Yuya Mizuno, Masaru Mimura, Hiroyoshi Takeuchi
Summary: This study compared the actual plasma concentrations of clozapine between once-daily and divided dosing regimens, and examined their relationships with psychiatric symptoms and adverse effects. The results showed no significant differences in actual plasma concentrations or psychiatric symptoms between the two dosing strategies, suggesting that once-daily dosing of clozapine may be feasible and clinically useful.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ryo Ochi, Eric Plitman, Raihaan Patel, Ryosuke Tarumi, Yusuke Iwata, Sakiko Tsugawa, Julia Kim, Shiori Honda, Yoshihiro Noda, Hiroyuki Uchida, Gabriel A. Devenyi, Masaru Mimura, Ariel Graff-Guerrero, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Shinichiro Nakajima
Summary: The study identified reproducible abnormalities in ACC structures in patients with treatment-resistant and clozapine-resistant schizophrenia, indicating a common biological feature of treatment resistance related to ACC structure and glutamate levels.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomomi Nakahara, Sakiko Tsugawa, Yoshihiro Noda, Fumihiko Ueno, Shiori Honda, Megumi Kinjo, Hikari Segawa, Nobuaki Hondo, Yukino Mori, Honoka Watanabe, Kazuho Nakahara, Kazunari Yoshida, Masataka Wada, Ryosuke Tarumi, Yusuke Iwata, Eric Plitman, Sho Moriguchi, Camilo de La Fuente-Sandoval, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura, Ariel Graff-Guerrero, Shinichiro Nakajima
Summary: The meta-analyses in this study showed increased levels of glutamatergic metabolites and reduced levels of GABA in patients with schizophrenia, indicating a possible relationship between the disruption of excitatory/inhibitory balance and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hitoshi Sakurai, Kengo Yonezawa, Hideaki Tani, Masaru Mimura, Michael Bauer, Hiroyuki Uchida
Summary: This study systematically searched for antidepressant compounds with completed phase II and III trials and identified nine compounds that showed positive results, including those with novel mechanisms of action. If preliminary results are confirmed, these compounds are expected to provide more options for the treatment of depression.
PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shin Kuramochi, Taisuke Yatomi, Takahito Uchida, Hiroyoshi Takeuchi, Masaru Mimura, Hiroyuki Uchida
Summary: This study investigated combined prescriptions of drugs for mood disorders and physical comorbidities that need special attention. The results showed that the prescription rates of the studied medications were lower in lithium and mirtazapine users and comparable in SSRI/SNRI users, compared to non-users.
PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Fumihiko Ueno, Hiroyuki Uchida, Mitsuru Kimura, Akira Yokoyama, Tomoko Yonemoto, Mitsuru Itoh, Yosuke Yumoto, Hideki Nakayama, Sachio Matsushita
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Letter
Psychiatry
Masaru Tsukahara, Ryuhei So, Nobuyuki Nomura, Kohei Kitagawa, Yuya Mizuno, Fuminari Misawa, Masafumi Kodama, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura, Hiroyoshi Takeuchi
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Psychiatry
Keisuke Kusudo, Ryo Ochi, Shinichiro Nakajima, Takefumi Suzuki, David Mamo, Fernando Caravaggio, Wanna Mar, Philip Gerretsen, Masaru Mimura, Bruce G. Pollock, Benoit H. Mulsant, Ariel Graff-Guerrero, Tarek K. Rajji, Hiroyuki Uchida
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Kengo Yonezawa, Hideaki Tani, Shinichiro Nakajima, Nobuhiro Nagai, Teruki Koizumi, Tomoyuki Miyazaki, Masaru Mimura, Takuya Takahashi, Hiroyuki Uchida
Summary: This study systematically reviewed postmortem studies on AMPA receptor expressions in schizophrenia and found decreased expression or receptor binding in the hippocampus, while inconsistent findings were observed in other brain regions.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryo Ochi, Fumihiko Ueno, Mutsuki Sakuma, Hideaki Tani, Sakiko Tsugawa, Ariel Graff-Guerrero, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura, Shunji Oshima, Sachio Matsushita, Shinichiro Nakajima
Summary: Acute alcohol administration affects functional connectivity in the brain, and this study found that the changes are related to regional genetic markers of GABAergic interneurons. Specifically, somatostatin-expressing interneurons play a role in modulating alcohol-induced changes in functional connectivity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yu Iwabuchi, Tohru Shiga, Masashi Kameyama, Raita Miyazawa, Morinobu Seki, Daisuke Ito, Hiroyuki Uchida, Hajime Tabuchi, Masahiro Jinzaki
Summary: This study suggests that regional changes in striatal I-123-ioflupane accumulation on DAT-SPECT are related to brain perfusion changes in patients with LBD.
MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nayuta Higa, Toshiaki Akahane, Taiji Hamada, Hajime Yonezawa, Hiroyuki Uchida, Ryutaro Makino, Shoji Watanabe, Tomoko Takajo, Seiya Yokoyama, Mari Kirishima, Kei Matsuo, Shingo Fujio, Ryosuke Hanaya, Akihide Tanimoto, Koji Yoshimoto
Summary: The study evaluated the mutation profile of the EGFR gene in IDH-wildtype GBMs and found that EGFR alterations are good prognostic markers of overall survival. Also, rare EGFR variants with longitudinal and temporal transformations of EGFRvIII were identified.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Kie Takahashi, Hiroyuki Uchida, Takefumi Suzuki, Masaru Mimura, Takuto Ishida
Summary: This study examines the proportion of patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders among patients hospitalized for either acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or pulmonary embolism (PE) using a Japanese nationwide database. The results show that PE is a common cause of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) among psychiatric patients, and the proportions of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders are significantly higher in the PE group compared to the AMI group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)