Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Naoya Yuizumi, Yujin Harada, Takaaki Kuniya, Takehiko Sunabori, Masato Koike, Masaki Wakabayashi, Yasushi Ishihama, Yutaka Suzuki, Daichi Kawaguchi, Yukiko Gotoh
Summary: Lysosomes play a crucial role in regulating the differentiation of neural stem-progenitor cells in the embryonic brain, with TFEB and TFE3 potentially maintaining the undifferentiated state of NPCs through controlling lysosomal biosynthesis. The abundance of lysosomes is associated with cell division activity and the embryonic origin of adult NSCs. TFEB-AA overexpression suppresses neuronal differentiation and the cell cycle of neocortical NPCs.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Pouneh Maraghechi, Maria Teresa Salinas Aponte, Andras Ecker, Bence Lazar, Roland Toth, Nikolett Tokodyne Szabadi, Elen Gocza
Summary: The review article compares and discusses the impact of stem-cell-specific miRNA clusters on the maintenance and regulation of early embryonic development, pluripotency, and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells, particularly in vertebrates.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Rongrong Le, Yixin Huang, Yanping Zhang, Hu Wang, Jiaming Lin, Yu Dong, Ziyi Li, Mingyue Guo, Xiaochen Kou, Yanhong Zhao, Mo Chen, Qianshu Zhu, Anqi Zhao, Jiqing Yin, Jiatong Sun, Zhongqu Su, Kerong Shi, Yawei Gao, Jiayu Chen, Wenqiang Liu, Lan Kang, Yixuan Wang, Chong Li, Xiaoyu Liu, Rui Gao, Hong Wang, Zhenyu Ju, Shaorong Gao
Summary: The study demonstrates that Dcaf11 plays important roles in telomere elongation in early embryos and ESCs through activating Zscan4.
Article
Cell Biology
Raquel Perez-Palacios, Maria Climent, Javier Santiago-Arcos, Sofia Macias-Redondo, Martin Klar, Pedro Muniesa, Jon Schoorlemmer
Summary: YY2, a mammalian-specific transcription factor, is expressed during mouse preimplantation development but its presence seems to be dispensable until the blastocyst stage in vitro. Depletion of Yy2 in mESCs results in increased levels of Zscan4 expression but does not affect the expression of TEs or other pluripotency markers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sang-Hoon Yoon, Mi-Rae Bae, Hyeonwoo La, Hyuk Song, Kwonho Hong, Jeong-Tae Do
Summary: This study proposed an efficient method for deriving NSCs from mouse ESCs through a combination of 3D culture for early neural lineage commitment and 2D NSC derivation. The results demonstrated that ESCs could efficiently differentiate into tripotent NSCs through specification in 3D culture followed by 2D culture.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Chao Sun, Yinhua Dong, Jun Wei, Meng Cai, Dongfang Liang, Yongqing Fu, You Zhou, Yi Sui, Fangda Wu, Roman Mikhaylov, Hanlin Wang, Feifei Fan, Zhihua Xie, Mercedes Stringer, Zhiyong Yang, Zhenlin Wu, Liangfei Tian, Xin Yang
Summary: This study develops a highly effective acoustic stimulator working at -20 MHz to investigate the roles of acousto-mechanical stimuli in the differentiation of hESCs. Our results show that acoustic dose alters the expression of extracellular matrix and physiological activity-related genes, indicating that acoustic stimulation is an important tool in regulating the stem cells' differentiation processes in cell therapy.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Kyung-Joo Seong, Seungho Choi, Hyun-Gwan Lee, Joon Haeng Rhee, Jin Ho Lee, Jeong-Tae Koh, Sun-Hun Kim, Won-Seok Choi, Ji-Yeon Jung, Won-Jae Kim
Summary: Toll-like receptor 5 plays a crucial role in regulating neurogenesis from mouse embryonic stem cells and adult hippocampal neural stem cells, promoting neural differentiation and inhibiting cell proliferation. TLR5 deficiency impairs fear memory performance in mice.
Article
Cell Biology
Kimberly J. Berry, Uma Chandran, Fangping Mu, Dinesh K. Deochand, T. Lei, Miriam Pagin, Silvia K. Nicolis, A. Paula Monaghan-Nichols, Inez Rogatsky, Donald B. DeFranco
Summary: Prenatal exposure to synthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs) can reprogram brain development and increase the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in the fetus. In a mouse model, researchers found that sGCs caused sexually dimorphic changes in the transcriptome of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) in the embryonic brain. By analyzing multiple genome-wide assays, they discovered that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) preferentially binds to specific regions of accessible chromatin to influence gene programming and cell fate decisions in NSPCs. They also identified SOX2 as a transcription factor that affects the genomic response of certain GR target genes to sGCs.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seung-Bin Na, Bong-Jong Seo, Tae-Kyung Hong, Seung-Yeon Oh, Yean-Ju Hong, Jae-Hoon Song, Sang-Jun Uhm, Kwonho Hong, Jeong-Tae Do
Summary: This study investigated the impact of knocking out the key regulator of mitochondrial fission, the Dnm1l gene, on neural stem cells (NSCs). The results suggest that Dnm1l deficiency leads to impaired self-renewal ability and accelerated cellular aging in NSCs, possibly due to mitochondrial morphological and functional changes as well as increased inflammation and cellular stress response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Salomeh Salari, Eli Y. Adashi, Laura Keller, Timothy R. B. Johnson, Gary D. Smith
Summary: Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have shown great potential in disease modeling, understanding early human development, pharmaceutical screening, disease treatment, and regenerative medicine. This article discusses the current regulatory environment in the US and presents anonymized embryo donor statements to personalize the decision-making process for hESC derivation. The use of preimplantation genetic-tested and disease-specific hESCs provides valuable insights into early human genetics and developmental biology. Future applications of hESCs and other pluripotent stem cells in reproductive medicine are also discussed.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Megan M. Colonnetta, Paul Schedl, Girish Deshpande
Summary: In Drosophila melanogaster embryos, somatic versus germline identity is determined by the zygotic genome activation (ZGA) and maternally deposited germline determinants. Zelda and CLAMP are required for the establishment of the germline/soma distinction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ye Rim Kim, Si Won Jang, Jae Ho Han, Ga Rim Na, Hoon Jang, Hyun Woo Choi
Summary: Research on the technology for in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into neural lineages is crucial for developmental biology, regenerative medicine, and cell therapy. Co-culturing ESCs with neural stem cells (NSCs) promotes ESC differentiation into ectoderm, with higher expression levels of Pax6 and Sox1 observed. NSC-derived conditioned medium (CM) showed lower differentiation efficiency compared to non-conditioned medium.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Abdiasis M. Hussein, Nanditaa Balachandar, Julie Mathieu, Hannele Ruohola-Baker
Summary: Embryonic diapause is a state of suspended development that delays the post-implantation growth of embryos, favoring the survival of newborns. Understanding the molecular mechanism of diapause induction is crucial for controlling and potentially treating various diseases, including cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edward J. Calabrese
Summary: This paper provides a thorough assessment of hormetic dose responses in embryonic stem cells, suggesting that this response may serve as a fundamental and highly conserved evolutionary strategy.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Chi-Hun Park, Young-Hee Jeoung, Kyung-Jun Uh, Ki-Eun Park, Jessica Bridge, Anne Powell, Jie Li, Laramie Pence, Luhui Zhang, Tianbin Liu, Hai-Xi Sun, Ying Gu, Yue Shen, Jun Wu, Juan-Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, Bhanu P. Telugu
Summary: This study details the characterization of pig extraembryonic endoderm (pXEN) cells and their applications in generating live offspring and genome editing in livestock.
