Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ji Hee Yu, Regina E. Y. Kim, So Young Park, Da Young Lee, Hyun Joo Cho, Nam Hoon Kim, Hye Jin Yoo, Ji A. Seo, Sin Gon Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Chol Shin, Nan Hee Kim
Summary: This study investigated the longitudinal changes in brain volume and cognitive function associated with diabetes at midlife, and found that type 2 diabetes is associated with greater white matter volume reduction and executive function decline. Long-term hyperglycemia was identified as a major independent factor associated with rapid cognitive decline in middle-aged adults with diabetes.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Young Ju Kim, Alice Hahn, Yu Hyun Park, Duk L. Na, Juhee Chin, Sang Won Seo
Summary: This study developed a composite score that can sensitively detect the amyloid-beta (A beta)-related cognitive trajectory of preclinical AD using Korean data. The score may contribute to reduction in time and financial burden when monitoring A beta-related cognitive decline and therapeutic efficacy of the disease-modifying agents specifically targeting A beta in secondary prevention trials.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Florian Krismer, Patrice Peran, Vincent Beliveau, Klaus Seppi, Germain Arribarat, Anne Pavy-Le Traon, Wassilios G. Meissner, Alexandra Foubert-Samier, Margherita Fabbri, Michael M. Schocke, Mark Forrest Gordon, Gregor K. Wenning, Werner Poewe, Olivier Rascol, Christoph Scherfler
Summary: This study aimed to determine the rates of brain atrophy progression in vivo in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). The results showed that MSA patients exhibited significant brain volume loss over 12 months, with the cerebellum, pons, and putamen being the most sensitive brain regions.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Javier Oltra, Carme Uribe, Anna Campabadal, Anna Inguanzo, Gemma C. Monte-Rubio, Maria J. Marti, Yaroslau Compta, Francesc Valldeoriola, Carme Junque, Barbara Segura
Summary: A study found that there are differences in symptoms, brain structure and cognitive function between male and female PD patients. Compared to females, male patients had more severe symptoms, greater brain atrophy, and worse cognitive function.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jingqin Luo, Yinjiao Ma, Folasade Jane Agboola, Elizabeth C. Grant, John Morris, Eric M. McDade, Anne Fagan, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Jason J. Hassenstab, Randall J. Bateman, Richard A. Perrin, Brian Gordon, Manu F. Goyal, Jeremy Strain, Igor S. Yakushev, Gregory Day, Chengjie Xiong
Summary: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are correlated with Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers and modulate AD pathogenesis. This study analyzed the longitudinal data of WMH volume and established AD biomarkers in cognitively normal individuals. The results showed that longitudinal increases in WMH volume were associated with changes in PET amyloid uptake, MRI structural outcomes, and cognition. The inflection point of baseline age in WMH volume was identified at 60.46 years.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Angela C. C. Jochems, Carmen Arteaga, Francesca Chappell, Tuula Ritakari, Monique Hooley, Fergus Doubal, Susana Munoz Maniega, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study aims to assess the longitudinal intraindividual changes in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume in sporadic small vessel disease (SVD). The study found that WMH regression is a possible phenomenon in SVD patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sofia Cuoco, Immacolata Carotenuto, Arianna Cappiello, Sara Scannapieco, Maria Claudia Russillo, Valentina Andreozzi, Lorenzo Forino, Marianna Amboni, Marina Picillo, Roberto Erro, Paolo Barone, Maria Teresa Pellecchia
Summary: The study revealed that patients with OH had better performance on certain tasks initially, but experienced cognitive decline over time compared to patients without OH. A significant predictive factor for global cognitive status worsening at follow-up was the presence of OH, along with age, education, and MOCA score.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jonas Alexander Jarholm, Atle Bjornerud, Turi Olene Dalaker, Mehdi Sadat Akhavi, Bjorn Eivind Kirsebom, Lene Palhaugen, Kaja Nordengen, Goril Rolfseng Grontvedt, Arne Nakling, Lisa F. Kalheim, Ina S. Almdahl, Sandra Tecelao, Tormod Fladby, Per Selnes
Summary: This study examined the clinical utility of automated volumetry in a well-defined and biomarker-classified longitudinal predementia cohort. The results showed that individuals with positive A/T/N classification had smaller entorhinal cortex and hippocampus compared to those with negative classification. Longitudinally, participants with SCD A+ and MCI A+ had greater hippocampal atrophy compared to controls, and this atrophy was also observed in A+/T-/N- and A+/T+orN+ individuals.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tomotaka Shiraishi, Daisuke Yoshimaru, Tadashi Umehara, Masakazu Ozawa, Shusaku Omoto, Motohiro Okumura, Tatsushi Kokubu, Junichiro Takahashi, Takeo Sato, Asako Onda, Teppei Komatsu, Kenichiro Sakai, Hidetaka Mitsumura, Hidetomo Murakami, Hirotaka James Okano, Yasuyuki Iguchi
Summary: Orthostatic hypotension (OH), hyposmia and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) are potential risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study investigated how interactions between OH, hyposmia and RBD contribute to gray matter atrophy and cognitive dysfunction in early PD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Danny D. Sahtoe, Adrian Coscia, Nur Mustafaoglu, Lauren M. Miller, Daniel Olal, Ivan Vulovic, Ta-Yi Yu, Inna Goreshnik, Yu-Ru Lin, Lars Clark, Florian Busch, Lance Stewart, Vicki H. Wysocki, Donald E. Ingber, Jonathan Abraham, David Baker
Summary: The challenge of designing polar protein-protein interactions is addressed by a computational approach utilizing complementary geometrically matched beta strands. Specifically designed proteins successfully bind to the human transferrin receptor, enabling drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier. This design strategy offers a general approach for creating binders to protein targets with exposed surface beta edge strands.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna Frey, Gyorgy A. Homola, Carsten Henneges, Larissa Muhlbauer, Roxane Sell, Peter Kraft, Maximilian Franke, Caroline Morbach, Marius Vogt, Wolfgang Mullges, Georg Ertl, Laszlo Solymosi, Lukas Pirpamer, Reinhold Schmidt, Mirko Pham, Stefan Stork, Guido Stoll
Summary: In patients with mild HF, reduced hippocampal volume at baseline was associated with impaired cognitive function, but no accelerated deterioration in cognition and brain atrophy was observed over a mid-term period of three years. The only decline in cognition during this period was in the domain of intensity of attention.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna Frey, Gyoergy A. Homola, Carsten Henneges, Larissa Muewhlbauer, Roxane Sell, Peter Kraft, Maximilian Franke, Caroline Morbach, Marius Vogt, Wolfgang Muellges, Georg Ertl, Laszlo Solymosi, Lukas Pirpamer, Reinhold Schmidt, Mirko Pham, Stefan Stoerk, Guido Stoll
Summary: In patients with chronic heart failure, reduced hippocampal volume at baseline is associated with impaired cognitive function, but no accelerated deterioration in cognition and brain atrophy was evident over a three-year mid-term period. Cognitive function remained stable during the observation period, with only a slight decline in attention intensity.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ji Hee Yu, Regina E. Y. Kim, Jin-Man Jung, So Young Park, Da Young Lee, Hyun Joo Cho, Nam Hoon Kim, Hye Jin Yoo, Ji A. Seo, Sin Gon Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Chol Shin, Nan Hee Kim
Summary: This study found that sarcopenia is associated with brain volume atrophy, especially in the parietal gray matter. Maintaining good muscle mass is important for brain health in middle-aged population.
Article
Oncology
Victoria A. Torres, Jason M. Ashford, Evelyn Wright, Jiahui Xu, Hui Zhang, Thomas E. Merchant, Heather M. Conklin
Summary: This study found that socioeconomic status (SES) is an important predictor of cognitive outcomes in children treated for localized brain tumors, with higher SES associated with better performance. The results indicate that SES plays a predictive role in cognitive performance before and after radiation therapy for pediatric brain tumors, helping to mitigate cognitive decline.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jie Guo, Abigail Dove, Jiao Wang, Erika J. Laukka, Ingrid Ekstrom, Michelle M. Dunk, David A. Bennett, Weili Xu
Summary: The pattern of olfactory identification change in the early phases of dementing disorders is unclear. This study assessed olfactory identification trajectories preceding incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia and found that olfactory identification declined faster preceding dementia disorders, with Alzheimer's pathology potentially underlying these faster declines.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Graeme Fairchild, Kate Sully, Luca Passamonti, Marlene Staginnus, Angela Darekar, Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke, Nicola Toschi
Summary: This study investigated brain structure in adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) and their unaffected relatives (URs), and found that alterations in inferior parietal cortical structure partly mediate the effects of familial risk for CD. Neuroanatomical changes in medial orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortex differentiated between URs and the other groups, potentially reflecting neural mechanisms of resilience to CD.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Psychology, Developmental
Michele Poletti, Antonio Preti, Andrea Raballo
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Andrea Raballo, Michele Poletti, Antonio Preti
Summary: Baseline exposure to antidepressants in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis is associated with a reduced risk of transition to psychosis.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandro Galgani, Francesco Lombardo, Nicola Martini, Andrea Vergallo, Luca Bastiani, Harald Hampel, Hana Hlavata, Filippo Baldacci, Gloria Tognoni, Daniele De Marchi, Irene Ghicopulos, Sara De Cori, Francesca Biagioni, Carla Letizia Busceti, Roberto Ceravolo, Ubaldo Bonuccelli, Dante Chiappino, Gabriele Siciliano, Francesco Fornai, Nicola Pavese, Filippo Sean Giorgi
Summary: This study used LC-MRI to investigate the involvement of the pontine nucleus Locus Coeruleus (LC) in Alzheimer's disease progression and its association with prognosis and cognitive performance in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. The findings suggest that reductions in LC-MRI parameters may be predictive of clinical progression in Mild Cognitive Impairment and support the role of LC degeneration in the continuum of Alzheimer's disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Chiara Marzi, Alessandro d'Ambrosio, Stefano Diciotti, Alvino Bisecco, Manuela Altieri, Massimo Filippi, Maria Assunta Rocca, Loredana Storelli, Patrizia Pantano, Silvia Tommasin, Rosa Cortese, Nicola De Stefano, Gioacchino Tedeschi, Antonio Gallo
Summary: This study used machine learning techniques to assess the relationship between brain MRI structural volumes and cognitive deficits in MS patients, and found that damage to gray matter structures is most closely related to cognitive performance.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Michele Poletti, Eva Gebhardt, Lorenzo Pelizza, Antonio Preti, Andrea Raballo
Summary: This study reviewed the literature on sensory phenomena and neurodevelopmental antecedents in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) to propose a bottom-up perspective for understanding OCD. The findings indicate that sensory phenomena and neurodevelopmental features are associated with OCD. The study suggests a neurodevelopmental-phenomenological model that can explain the dimensional affinity between OCD and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Letter
Psychology, Developmental
Andrea Raballo, Michele Poletti, Antonio Preti
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chiara Marzi, Daniela Marfisi, Andrea Barucci, Jacopo Del Meglio, Alessio Lilli, Claudio Vignali, Mario Mascalchi, Giancarlo Casolo, Stefano Diciotti, Antonio Claudio Traino, Carlo Tessa, Marco Giannelli
Summary: Radiomics and artificial intelligence have the potential to be valuable tools in clinical applications. This study assessed the effect of preprocessing, such as voxel size resampling, discretization, and filtering, on correlation-based dimensionality reduction of radiomic features from cardiac T1 and T2 maps. The results showed that the percentage of eliminated radiomic features was more dependent on resampling voxel size and discretization bin width for textural features. Correlation-based dimensionality reduction was less sensitive to preprocessing when considering T2 features compared to T1 features.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Lorenzo Pelizza, Emanuela Leuci, Emanuela Quattrone, Silvia Azzali, Giuseppina Paulillo, Simona Pupo, Michele Poletti, Andrea Raballo, Pietro Pellegrini, Marco Menchetti
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the symptom severity and prognosis of individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis who were on antipsychotic medication during a 1-year follow-up period. The results showed that compared to those not taking antipsychotics, individuals on antipsychotic medication had more severe symptoms and lower functioning at baseline. At the end of the follow-up period, individuals on antipsychotic medication had higher rates of psychosis transition, hospitalizations, and urgent/non-planned visits.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Michele Poletti, Lorenzo Pelizza, Gwenole Loas, Silvia Azzali, Federica Paterlini, Sara Garlassi, Ilaria Scazza, Luigi Rocco Chiri, Simona Pupo, Andrea Raballo
Summary: This research aimed to examine the relationship between anhedonia and suicidal thoughts in individuals with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) and at Ultra High Risk (UHR) of psychosis. The study found that an enduring and independent association between anhedonia and suicidal ideation existed in FEP individuals, while in the UHR subgroup, the relationship between anhedonia and suicidal thoughts was not completely independent from depression severity.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Camilla Elefante, Giulio Emilio Brancati, Zahinoor Ismail, Sara Ricciardulli, Maria Francesca Beatino, Vittoria Lepri, Antonella Fama, Elisabetta Ferrari, Linda Giampietri, Filippo Baldacci, Roberto Ceravolo, Icro Maremmani, Lorenzo Lattanzi, Giulio Perugi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and differentiating features of Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) with respect to major neurocognitive disorders (MNDs) and primary psychiatric disorders (PPDs). The results showed that patients with MBI had higher scores of psychopathology, specifically in terms of negative symptoms, compared to patients with PPDs. Additionally, MBI patients frequently reported higher severity of apathy and motor retardation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco Alfano, Francesca Cesari, Anna Maria Gori, Martina Berteotti, Emilia Salvadori, Betti Giusti, Alessia Bertelli, Ada Kura, Carmen Barbato, Benedetta Formelli, Francesca Pescini, Enrico Fainardi, Stefano Chiti, Chiara Marzi, Stefano Diciotti, Rossella Marcucci, Anna Poggesi
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the predictive capability of biomarkers for vascular damage and brain tissue injury in anticoagulated atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The results show that circulating biomarkers MMP-2 and TIMP are associated with cerebral microbleeds, white matter hyperintensity, and small vessel disease. IL-8 and TIMP are associated with enlarged perivascular spaces.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mario Mascalchi, Giulia Picozzi, Donella Puliti, Stefano Diciotti, Annalisa Deliperi, Chiara Romei, Fabio Falaschi, Francesco Pistelli, Michela Grazzini, Letizia Vannucchi, Simonetta Bisanzi, Marco Zappa, Giuseppe Gorini, Francesca Maria Carozzi, Laura Carrozzi, Eugenio Paci
Summary: The ITALUNG trial, conducted from 2004, compared the mortality rates of lung cancer and other causes in smokers and ex-smokers aged 55-69 who were randomly assigned to receive low-dose CT (LDCT) or usual care. After 13 years of follow-up, the ITALUNG trial demonstrated a lower mortality rate for lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases in the screened subjects, particularly in women. In addition, the trial generated multiple ancillary studies on various aspects of lung cancer screening, including software development, assessment of lung nodules and calcifications, and biomarker assays.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Claudio Paolucci, Federica Giorgini, Riccardo Scheda, Flavio Valerio Alessi, Stefano Diciotti
Summary: This study proposes an AI pre-screening tool to identify potentially alarming signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in pre-verbal interactions. The effectiveness of these features in classifying individuals with ASD vs. controls is evaluated using explainable artificial intelligence, with a focus on body-related sensorimotor features. The results highlight the significance of early detection in ASD diagnosis.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Michele Poletti, Andrea Raballo
Summary: We report a pathological imagination process in an adolescent at clinical high-risk for psychosis, associated with the presence of self-disorders. The subjective experience associated with pathological imagination helps distinguish it from intrusive thoughts in obsessive-compulsive patients; moreover, such anomalous imagination focused on others may be an adaptive process triggered by negative emotionality towards others who are difficult to relate to. In conclusion, anomalies of imaginations may occur within the schizophrenic spectrum during adolescent prodromal stages, associated with self-disorders.
RIVISTA DI PSICHIATRIA
(2023)