Article
Biology
Stephen J. Gotts, Shawn C. Milleville, Alex Martin
Summary: In the study, Gotts et al. tested different theoretical model predictions for repetition-associated alterations in functional and/or effective brain connectivity using fMRI. They found that the data was most consistent with a Synchrony model-based prediction, leading to refinements of all tested models. While some support for the Facilitation and Sharpening models was found, the data primarily supported the Synchrony model with increased coupling between specific brain regions.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julian Macoveanu, Hanne Lie Kjaerstad, Maj Vinberg, Catherine Harmer, Patrick MacDonald Fisher, Gitte Moos Knudsen, Lars Vedel Kessing, Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
Summary: The study found that patients with bipolar disorder exhibited hypo-activity in the dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC) and impaired cognitive function at diagnosis, while showing increased dPFC activity during the follow-up period. This increased activity may reflect a reduction in prefrontal cortex efficiency related to affective episodes, even though there was no deterioration in cognitive performance.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Guy Escoffier, Martine Migliorati, Melinda Rahrah, Charles S. M. Roman, Michel Khrestchatisky, Francois S. Roman
Summary: The Helico Maze was used to assess long-term memory in BALB, C57, and DBA mice, revealing that BALB mice outperformed the other two strains in the task.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Karianne Sretavan Wong, Tina Chou, Amy T. Peters, Kristen K. Ellard, Andrew A. Nierenberg, Darin D. Dougherty, Thilo Deckersbach
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between subjective and objective measures of apathy, disinhibition, and executive dysfunction and the activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) during a modified version of the Multi-Source Interference Task (MSIT). The results showed that both individuals with Bipolar Disorder (BD) and healthy controls (HC) exhibited greater activation in the ACC, DLPFC, and OFC during MSIT interference conditions. Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between OFC activation and disinhibition scores.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adrian W. Gilmore, Alina Quach, Sarah E. Kalinowski, Estefania Gonzalez-Araya, Stephen J. Gotts, Daniel L. Schacter, Alex Martin
Summary: The study demonstrates that the activity patterns of the hippocampus in recalling recent events differ from remote events, supporting predictions of the standard model of consolidation. By utilizing overt spoken recall, researchers found that the posterior hippocampal regions exhibit more active patterns during the recall of recent events.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hyun Chan Hwang, Sun Mi Kim, Doug Hyun Han
Summary: The study found that schizophrenic patients have lower emotional perception abilities compared to bipolar disorder patients, indicating disrupted emotional perception abilities are linked to altered brain functional connectivity. Schizophrenic patients show reduced usage of the frontal lobe, while bipolar patients compensate for facial emotion recognition using the parietal lobe.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Neal W. Morton, Ellen L. Zippi, Alison R. Preston
Summary: In this study, fMRI was used to track the reactivation and suppression of individual related memories during encoding of overlapping events. The results showed that reactivation of semantic knowledge related to a prior event in the posterior medial prefrontal cortex (pmPFC) supported memory integration, while the anterior hippocampus (aHPC) formed integrated representations combining the semantic features of overlapping events. Additionally, interactions between ventrolateral PFC and anterior mPFC were found to modulate aHPC integration on a trial-by-trial basis, with suppression of item-specific memory representations in anterior mPFC inhibiting hippocampal integration.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roxane Assaf, Julien Ouellet, Josiane Bourque, Emmanuel Stip, Marco Leyton, Patricia Conrod, Stephane Potvin
Summary: Self-disturbances are a characteristic of psychosis. This study investigated the neural correlates of self-other processing in youth with different developmental trajectories of psychotic experiences. The findings showed that youth with an increasing trajectory had decreased activation in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and decreased connectivity with the cerebellum. Youth with a decreasing trajectory had decreased activation in the superior temporal gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, and the middle occipital gyrus. These alterations may influence the emergence of symptoms like hallucinations and affect the susceptibility to positive and negative symptoms.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sophie Nolden, Garvin Brod, Ann-Kristin Meyer, Yana Fandakova, Yee Lee Shing
Summary: This study investigated the impact of schooling on cognitive development in children aged 5-7. The results showed that memory formation in this age group relies more heavily on the medial temporal lobe than the prefrontal cortex.
Article
Neurosciences
Dylan S. Spets, Haley A. Fritch, Scott D. Slotnick
Summary: Sex differences in functional connectivity during long-term memory tasks were investigated in this study. Females showed greater interhemispheric connectivity while males showed greater intrahemispheric connectivity. The hippocampus was functionally connected to various brain regions, with differences observed between males and females in connectivity patterns.
Review
Neurosciences
Bingsen Xiong, Changming Chen, Yanqiu Tian, Shouwen Zhang, Chao Liu, Tanya M. Evans, Guillen Fernandez, Jianhui Wu, Shaozheng Qin
Summary: The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is a crucial point in the healthy cortisol circadian rhythm, preparing the brain for challenges and promoting neurocognitive efficiency. Studies have found a causal link between CAR and its proactive role in optimizing functional brain networks.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Viridiana Navarrete-Yanez, Alejandra Garate-Carrillo, Marcos Ayala, Antonio Rodriguez-Castaneda, Patricia Mendoza-Lorenzo, Guillermo Ceballos, Rosa Ordonez-Razo, Sundeep Dugar, George Schreiner, Francisco Villarreal, Israel Ramirez-Sanchez
Summary: The study demonstrated the stimulating effects of both (-)-Epi and (+)-Epi on neuronal proliferation markers, leading to improvements in capillary formation, memory, and neurofilament functions. Additionally, (+)-Epi showed more effective results in upregulating neurogenesis markers compared to (-)-Epi.
Review
Cell Biology
You Yi, Chen Zhong, Hu Wei-wei
Summary: Febrile seizures (FSs) are convulsions caused by a sudden increase in body temperature during a fever. They are common in young children, with a prevalence of up to 4% in children aged 6 months to 5 years old. FSs can have detrimental effects on neurodevelopment, leading to ADHD, increased susceptibility to epilepsy, hippocampal sclerosis, and cognitive decline in adulthood. However, the underlying mechanisms of these developmental abnormalities and disease occurrence have not yet been determined.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna-Maria Grob, Branka Milivojevic, Arjen Alink, Christian F. Doeller, Lars Schwabe
Summary: Gaining insight through imagination and observation contributes to the integration of separate events into coherent episodes. In this study, fMRI and representational similarity analysis were used to investigate the behavioral and neural effects of insight through imagination. The results revealed that insight through imagination was weaker than insight through observation, but the imagination group had better detail memory. Additionally, the imagination group exhibited different neural activation patterns compared to the observation group, suggesting that imagination hinders concurrent mnemonic integration but may enhance long-term memory.
Article
Neurosciences
Madeleine Kyrke-Smith, Lenora J. Volk, Samuel F. Cooke, Mark F. Bear, Richard L. Huganir, Jason D. Shepherd
Summary: Research shows that mice lacking the Arc gene do not exhibit deficits in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), indicating that Arc is not necessary for LTP in the hippocampus.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kirstie O'Hare, Aniqa Hussain, Kristin R. Laurens, Gabrielle Hindmarsh, Vaughan J. Carr, Stacy Tzoumakis, Felicity Harris, Melissa J. Green
Summary: Maltreated children are at risk of mental health difficulties, and different levels of contact with child protection services are associated with these difficulties. Early detection and intervention are crucial for children at risk of maltreatment.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Melissa J. Green, Patrycja J. Piotroswka, Stacy Tzoumakis, Tyson Whitten, Kristin R. Laurens, Merran Butler, Ilan Katz, Felicity Harris, Vaughan J. Carr
Summary: This study examines factors associated with resilience in children and highlights the importance of individual, familial, and contextual factors in resilience. The findings suggest that resilience processes involve complex interactions and require interagency support.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
James A. Karantonis, Sean P. Carruthers, Katherine E. Burdick, Christos Pantelis, Melissa Green, Susan L. Rossell, Matthew E. Hughes, Vanessa Cropley, Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
Summary: Despite increasing research, there is no cohesive synthesis of studies examining differences in brain morphology according to patterns of cognitive function among schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and bipolar disorder individuals, and the findings do not provide strong evidence for unique patterns of brain morphology. Preliminary evidence suggests that cortical thickness reduction may be more strongly associated with cognitive impairment, while volumetric deficits may be largely tied to the presence of disease.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2023)
Correction
Psychology, Clinical
James A. Karantonis, Sean P. Carruthers, Katherine E. Burdick, Christos Pantelis, Melissa Green, Susan L. Rossell, Matthew E. Hughes, Vanessa Cropley, Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Kirstie O'Hare, Oliver Watkeys, Tyson Whitten, Kimberlie Dean, Kristin R. Laurens, Felicity Harris, Vaughan J. Carr, Melissa J. Green
Summary: This study examined the relationship between environmental risk factors in early life and mental disorders in childhood using administrative data. The findings suggest that exposure to environmental risk factors increases the likelihood of developing mental disorders.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Oliver J. Watkeys, Kirstie O'Hare, Kimberlie Dean, Kristin R. Laurens, Felicity Harris, Vaughan J. Carr, Melissa J. Green
Summary: Parental mental health has a significant impact on the mental health and well-being of their offspring. Research has shown that parents with multiple mental disorders, especially mothers, are more likely to have children with emotional and behavioral developmental vulnerability. Therefore, it is important to prioritize intervention for new and expectant parents with multiple mental disorders and focus on the developmental well-being of their children.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kirstie O'Hare, Oliver Watkeys, Tyson Whitten, Kimberlie Dean, Kristin R. Laurens, Stacy Tzoumakis, Felicity Harris, Vaughan J. Carr, Melissa J. Green
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between environmental exposures and profiles of schizotypy in children, finding that a cumulative score of environmental risk factors is strongly associated with the true schizotypy profile.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Constantinos Constantinides, Laura K. M. Han, Clara Alloza, Linda Antonella Antonucci, Celso Arango, Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Nerisa Banaj, Alessandro Bertolino, Stefan Borgwardt, Jason Bruggemann, Juan Bustillo, Oleg Bykhovski, Vince Calhoun, Vaughan Carr, Stanley Catts, Young-Chul Chung, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Gary Donohoe, Stefan Du Plessis, Jesse Edmond, Stefan Ehrlich, Robin Emsley, Lisa T. Eyler, Paola Fuentes-Claramonte, Foivos Georgiadis, Melissa Green, Amalia Guerrero-Pedraza, Minji Ha, Tim Hahn, Frans A. Henskens, Laurena Holleran, Stephanie Homan, Philipp Homan, Neda Jahanshad, Joost Janssen, Ellen Ji, Stefan Kaiser, Vasily Kaleda, Minah Kim, Woo-Sung Kim, Matthias Kirschner, Peter Kochunov, Yoo Bin Kwak, Jun Soo Kwon, Irina Lebedeva, Jingyu Liu, Patricia Mitchie, Stijn Michielse, David Mothersill, Bryan Mowry, Victor Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Christos Pantelis, Giulio Pergola, Fabrizio Piras, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Adrian Preda, Yann Quide, Paul E. Rasser, Kelly Rootes-Murdy, Raymond Salvador, Marina Sangiuliano, Salvador Sarro, Ulrich Schall, Andre Schmidt, Rodney J. Scott, Pierluigi Selvaggi, Kang Sim, Antonin Skoch, Gianfranco Spalletta, Filip Spaniel, Sophia Thomopoulos, David Tomecek, Alexander S. Tomyshev, Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Therese van Amelsvoort, Javier Vazquez-Bourgon, Daniela Vecchio, Aristotle Voineskos, Cynthia S. Weickert, Thomas Weickert, Paul M. Thompson, Lianne Schmaal, Theo G. M. van Erp, Jessica Turner, James H. Cole, Danai Dima, Esther Walton
Summary: Schizophrenia patients show evidence of advanced brain ageing, which is not associated with clinical characteristics.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meghan A. Collins, Jie Lisa Ji, Yoonho Chung, Cole A. Lympus, Yvette Afriyie-Agyemang, Jean M. Addington, Bradley G. Goodyear, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Heline Mirzakhanian, Ming T. Tsuang, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Ricardo E. Carrion, Matcheri Keshavan, Wiliam S. Stone, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Albert R. Powers, Alan Anticevic, Tyrone D. Cannon
Summary: Progressive grey matter loss has been observed among individuals who convert to psychosis, and this study found that accelerated cortical thinning precedes psychosis onset and can differentiate converters from non-converters. These findings highlight the importance of identifying neurobiological mechanisms prior to conversion for early intervention.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Esra Sefik, Michelle Boamah, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, William S. Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Scott W. Woods, Tyrone D. Cannon, Elaine F. Walker
Summary: This study found clinically relevant deviations in cerebellar cortex and white matter structures among CHR individuals, highlighting the importance of considering the complex interplay between sex and age when studying the neuromaturational substrates of psychosis risk.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mandy L. Ballinger, Swetansu Pattnaik, Piyushkumar A. Mundra, Milita Zaheed, Emma Rath, Peter Priestley, Jonathan Baber, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Nicholas Isambert, Sylvain Causeret, Winette T. A. van der Graaf, Ajay Puri, Florence Duffaud, Axel Le Cesne, Beatrice Seddon, Coonoor Chandrasekar, Joshua D. Schiffman, Andrew S. Brohl, Paul A. James, Jean-Emmanuel Kurtz, Nicolas Penel, Ola Myklebost, Leonardo A. Meza-Zepeda, Hilda Pickett, Maya Kansara, Nicola Waddell, Olga Kondrashova, John Pearson, Andrew P. Barbour, Shuai Li, Tuong L. Nguyen, Diane Fatkin, Robert M. Graham, Eleni Giannoulatou, Melissa J. Green, Warren Kaplan, Shyamsundar Ravishankar, Joseph Copty, Joseph E. Powell, Edwin Cuppen, Kristel van Eijk, Jan Veldink, Jin-Hee Ahn, Jeong Eun Kim, R. Lor Randall, Kathy Tucker, Ian Judson, Rajiv Sarin, Thomas Ludwig, Emmanuelle Genin, Jean-Francois Deleuze, Michelle Haber, Glenn Marshall, Murray J. Cairns, Jean-Yves Blay, David M. Thomas
Summary: Cancer genetics has focused on epithelial malignancies, but this study explores specific pathways related to sarcomas, rare malignancies derived from embryonic mesoderm. Germline sequencing of sporadic cases and healthy controls reveals two sarcoma-specific pathways involved in mitotic and telomere functions. Centrosome gene variants are linked to specific tumors, while heritable defects in the shelterin complex increase susceptibility to sarcomas, melanomas, and thyroid cancers. These findings highlight the role of heritable defects in mitotic and telomere biology in sarcoma risk.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Kirstie O'Hare, Oliver Watkeys, Johanna C. C. Badcock, Kristin R. R. Laurens, Stacy Tzoumakis, Kimberlie Dean, Felicity Harris, Vaughan J. J. Carr, Melissa J. J. Green
Summary: This study examined the relationship between childhood developmental vulnerabilities and schizotypy in middle childhood, and whether this relationship is mediated by educational underachievement. The results showed that developmental vulnerabilities in early childhood were associated with schizotypy profiles in middle childhood, and educational underachievement played a mediating role in this relationship.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kirstie O'Hare, Oliver Watkeys, Kimberlie Dean, Stacy Tzoumakis, Tyson Whitten, Felicity Harris, Kristin R. Laurens, Vaughan J. Carr, Melissa J. Green
Summary: This study examined service contact patterns for self-harm and suicidal ideation, focusing on multiple human service agencies. Child protection services recorded the highest proportion of youth with self-harm and suicidal ideation, with the first contact for self-harm occurring at a younger age compared to other agencies. There was significant overlap between health, child protection, and police services for self-harm incidents.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kirstie O'Hare, Kristin R. Laurens, Oliver Watkeys, Stacy Tzoumakis, Kimberlie Dean, Felicity Harris, Richard J. Linscott, Vaughan J. Carr, Melissa J. Green
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between different schizotypy risk profiles in childhood and parental mental disorders. The results show that all types of parental mental disorders are associated with childhood schizotypy risk profiles. Children in the true schizotypy group are more likely to have parents with any type of mental disorder.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Benson S. Ku, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Michael T. Compton, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Benjamin G. Druss, Sinan Guloksuz, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Ricardo E. Carrion
Summary: Although studies have shown that social fragmentation is a risk factor for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, its impact on social functioning is still unknown. This study found that social fragmentation during childhood predicts maladaptation to school and poorer social functioning during adulthood.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)