Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Celina M. Caetano, Carl D. Malchoff
Summary: The Endocrine Society Guidelines and recent reviews provide recommendations for the treatment of adrenal insufficiency, but the suggested glucocorticoid replacement doses may be higher than necessary. This article reviews a method for individualized dosing and investigates the impact of lower doses.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarzyna Pelewicz, Piotr Miskiewicz
Summary: This article discusses the main effects of glucocorticoids (GCs), the risks associated with GC treatment, and diagnostic and treatment methods for GC-induced adrenal insufficiency (AI).
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shien Chen Lee, Elizabeth S. Baranowski, Rajesh Sakremath, Vrinda Saraff, Zainaba Mohamed
Summary: Adrenal insufficiency is a group of congenital and acquired disorders that result in inadequate steroid production by the adrenal glands. Its clinical features vary with age and cause, with common symptoms including drowsiness, fainting, and hypothermia caused by hypoglycemia. Recognizing hypoglycemia as a symptom of adrenal insufficiency is crucial for preventing sudden deaths.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Georgina Russell, Konstantinos Kalafatakis, Claire Durant, Nicola Marchant, Jamini Thakrar, Russell Thirard, Jade King, Jane Bowles, Thomas Upton, Ngoc Jade Thai, Jonathan C. W. Brooks, Aileen Wilson, Kirsty Phillips, Stuart Ferguson, Meryem Grabski, Chris A. Rogers, Theodoros Lampros, Sue Wilson, Catherine Harmer, Marcus Munafo, Stafford L. Lightman
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pump therapy on quality of life, mood, functional neuroimaging, behavioral and cognitive responses, sleep, and metabolism in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency. The results showed subjective improvements in fatigue and mood with pump therapy, and functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed differential neural processing to emotional cues and visual stimulation.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tungalagtamir Shagjaa, Viola Sanga, Gian Paolo Rossi
Summary: This case study provides compelling evidence for the use of low-dose dexamethasone in regressing skin hyperpigmentation in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kristina Laugesen, Leonie H. A. Broersen, Simon Boggild Hansen, Olaf M. Dekkers, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Jens Otto L. Jorgensen
Summary: Glucocorticoids are widely used anti-inflammatory medications, but can lead to adrenal insufficiency with varying risk and course among patients. Further research is needed to investigate risk factors, clinical implications, and predictors of glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabriela P. Finkielstain, Ana Vieites, Ignacio Bergada, Rodolfo A. Rey
Summary: Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) refer to anomalies in fetal sexual differentiation resulting in discordance between chromosomal sex and gonadal or genitalia sex. DSD can be associated with adrenal disorders in both 46,XX and 46,XY individuals, with different pathogenic mechanisms. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of these disorders are reviewed, focusing on biomarkers and therapeutic development.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sirazum Choudhury, Tricia Tan, Katharine Lazarus, Karim Meeran
Summary: The introduction of adrenocortical extract in 1930 and cortisone acetate from 1948 improved the life expectancy of hypoadrenal patients, but there remains a significant mortality gap between treated hypoadrenalism and the general population. The cause of this gap is unclear, and future directions will focus on finding better glucocorticoid replacement regimens.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Birgit Harbeck, Peter Kropp, Ilonka Kreitschmann-Andermahr
Summary: Patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) receive glucocorticoid (GC) replacement therapy (GRT). However, temporary phases of hypo- and hypercortisolism are common, and prolonged phases of these can impair cognitive functioning. Little is known about the effects of dosage and duration of GC replacement therapy on cognitive functioning in AI patients. This Mini-Review provides an overview of current studies on GRT for AI and discusses their implications for clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carla Bizzarri, Donatella Capalbo, Malgorzata Gabriela Wasniewska, Federico Baronio, Anna Grandone, Marco Cappa
Summary: This study summarized the clinical practice standards for adrenal crisis and investigated the prevalence of suspected/incipient adrenal crisis in children with adrenal insufficiency. The results showed that the number of adrenal crisis episodes varied among children using different treatment modalities and different age groups. Therefore, parental education and switching to parenteral hydrocortisone when necessary are essential for preventing adrenal crisis in children.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ioannis G. Violaris, Konstantinos Kalafatakis, Eder Zavala, Ioannis G. Tsoulos, Theodoros Lampros, Stafford L. Lightman, Markos G. Tsipouras, Nikolaos Giannakeas, Alexandros Tzallas, Georgina M. Russell
Summary: A pharmacokinetic model was developed to predict plasma cortisol levels at any point of the day from a limited number of measurements with high accuracy. The model accurately predicted levels with only four measurements and successfully supported clinical trials involving subcutaneous HC delivery in patients with reduced endogenous capacity to synthesize GCs.
Article
Immunology
Dan Hao, Ling Guo, Qian Wang, Misa Ito, Bin Huang, Chieko Mineo, Philip W. Shaul, Xiang-An Li
Summary: This study utilized a new relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) pediatric mouse model to evaluate the pathogenesis of RAI and the effect of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. The results showed that RAI mice had a significantly higher mortality rate in sepsis and were effectively rescued by GC therapy. RNA sequencing analysis revealed persistent inflammatory responses in RAI mice caused by transcriptional dysregulation of AP-1 and NF-κB and cytokine-induced secondary inflammatory response. Therefore, this research supports a precision medicine approach to guide GC therapy for pediatric patients based on RAI status.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Natacha Driessens, Madhu Prasai, Orsalia Alexopoulou, Christophe De Block, Eva Van Caenegem, Guy T'Sjoen, Frank Nobels, Christophe Ghys, Laurent Vroonen, Corinne Jonas, Bernard Corvilain, Dominique Maiter
Summary: This study provides insights into the management of primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) in large clinical centers in Belgium, showing a high quality of care and a low incidence of adrenal crises compared with other registries.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sophie Howarth, Luca Giovanelli, Catherine Napier, Simon H. Pearce
Summary: Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) is typically considered a progressive, irreversible disease process characterized by primary adrenal insufficiency. However, there is growing evidence that AAD may exhibit heterogeneity, with potential for complete or partial recovery of adrenal function. We present three cases challenging the traditional view, including a patient with mineralocorticoid-only Addison's disease, a patient with spontaneous recovery, and a patient with clinical features of adrenal insufficiency despite residual cortisol function. These cases suggest that recovery of adrenal function may occur independently within different zones of the adrenal cortex.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariana Rechia Bitencourt, Rafael Loch Batista, Isabela Biscotto, Luciani R. Carvalho
Summary: Central adrenal insufficiency is a life-threatening disorder with challenging diagnosis and treatment. Clarifying when to use each test could be helpful in many contexts, as the clinical presentation is usually oligosymptomatic and there are pitfalls in laboratory investigations. Additionally, there are difficulties in the treatment of CAI.
ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Susanne Kuckuck, Eline S. van Der Valk, Anton J. W. Scheurink, Bibian van Der Voorn, Anand M. Iyer, Jenny A. Visser, Patric J. D. Delhanty, Sjoerd A. A. van den Berg, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum
Summary: Disrupted hormonal appetite signaling plays a crucial role in obesity, and glucocorticoid excess may impair appetite signaling and eating control. Counteracting glucocorticoid excess is a crucial target for obesity prevention and treatment, as it can improve appetite signaling and potentially have positive effects on cardio-metabolic outcomes and mood.
Article
Oncology
Simon P. de Leeuw, Melinda A. Pruis, Barend J. Sikkema, Mostafa Mohseni, G. D. Marijn Veerman, Marthe S. Paats, Daphne W. Dumoulin, Egbert F. Smit, Annemie M. W. J. Schols, Ron H. J. Mathijssen, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans
Summary: Alectinib, a standard treatment for metastatic ALK+ NSCLC, can lead to weight gain in approximately 10% of patients. This study analyzed body composition changes in patients treated with alectinib and found increases in waist circumference, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. Furthermore, in-depth analysis of four patients with significant weight gain revealed increased appetite and metabolic syndrome. These findings suggest that alectinib can cause abdominal obesity and various metabolic, physical, and mental disturbances.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Susanne Kuckuck, Eline S. S. van der Valk, Anton J. W. Scheurink, Robin Lengton, Mostafa Mohseni, Jenny A. A. Visser, Anand M. M. Iyer, Sjoerd A. A. van den Berg, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum
Summary: This study investigated the changes in appetite-regulating hormone levels during a combined lifestyle intervention (CLI) in obese patients. The results showed that CLI-induced weight loss was associated with changes in long-term adiposity-related hormone levels, but not with most short-term appetite signals. The clinical impact of alterations in appetite-regulating hormones during modest weight loss remains questionable and further studies are needed.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mila S. Welling, Mostafa Mohseni, Eline S. van der Valk, Johanna M. van Hagen, Jan Steven Burgerhart, Mieke M. van Haelst, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum
Summary: This article describes the therapeutic journey of a 33-year-old patient with early-onset obesity and hyperphagia. After unsuccessful attempts with various interventions, treatment with naltrexone-bupropion led to significant weight loss, improved hyperphagia, and quality of life.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
E. B. Warreman, L. A. Nooteboom, M. B. Terry, H. W. Hoek, P. J. M. Leenen, E. F. C. van Rossum, D. Ramlal, R. R. J. M. Vermeiren, W. A. Ester
Summary: This study aims to explore the relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological, behavioral, and biological factors in adults with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The findings suggest that gastrointestinal symptoms in adults with ASD are associated with psychiatric comorbidity, increased stress levels, poorer perceived health, and lower physical activity levels. This highlights the importance of considering psychological and behavioral factors in addressing gastrointestinal symptoms in adults with ASD.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carlinde W. Broeks, Nina Molenaar, Marlies Brouwer, Erica L. T. van den Akker, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Rien Van, Sjoerd A. A. van den Berg, Manon Hillegers, Witte J. G. Hoogendijk, Huibert Burger, Claudi Bockting, Astrid M. Kamperman, Mijke P. Lambregtse-Van den Berg
Summary: This study explored the effects of maternal childhood trauma, current mental symptoms, and recent life events on long-term cortisol levels in mothers with depressive and anxiety disorders and their infants. The results showed a positive curvilinear relationship between maternal childhood trauma and maternal cortisol levels, as well as a negative linear relationship between maternal childhood trauma and infant cortisol levels. Maternal depression, anxiety symptoms, and recent life events were not associated with cortisol levels.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Mina Mirzaian, Sofie K. M. van Zundert, Wim F. Schilleman, Mostafa Mohseni, Susanne Kuckuck, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Ron H. N. van Schaik, Sjoerd A. A. van den Berg
Summary: This study developed an LC-MS/MS method for accurate quantification of cortisone and cortisol in human scalp hair. It also provided a novel approach for data analysis and interpretation. Improved sample preparation and chromatographic separation techniques minimized matrix interference.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Susanne Kuckuck, Robin Lengton, Mariette R. Boon, Eric Boersma, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Maryam Kavousi, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum
Summary: The elevated cortisol levels in Cushing's syndrome are associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Studies show that long-term biological stress, measured as HairF and HairE levels, is consistently associated with the presence of cardiovascular disease, independent of standard risk factors.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Ozair Abawi, Rama J. Wahab, Lotte Kleinendorst, Lizette A. Blankers, Ammelies E. Brandsma, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Bibian van der Voorn, Mieke M. van Haelst, Romy Gaillard, Erica L. T. van den Akker
Summary: This study aimed to assess the body mass index trajectories of children with genetic obesity and determine the optimal early age of onset of obesity (AoO) cut-offs for genetic screening. The results showed that the optimal AoO cut-off for nonsyndromic genetic obesity was 3.9 years, while for syndromic genetic obesity it was 4.7 years.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Anne-Marie C. Dingemans, Ron H. J. Mathijssen, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Karlijn A. M. Geurts, Behiye Ozcan, Mandy van Hoek, Roel van de Laar, Jolande van Teeffelen, Joost van Rosmalen, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Kirsten A. Berk
Summary: This study aims to compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of using E-VLED intervention with the usual VLED intervention on weight change and treatment costs in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity, with the hypothesis that E-VLED intervention may provide equally effective weight loss outcomes but with lower costs than face-to-face intervention.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Willy B. Theel, Bianca M. Boxma-de Klerk, Femme Dirksmeier-Harinck, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Danny A. Kanhai, Jan A. Apers, Bas M. van Dalen, Robert J. De Knegt, Bojou Neecke, Ellen M. van der Zwan, Diederick E. Grobbee, Thomas Hankemeier, Janneke Wiebolt, Manuel Castro Cabezas
Summary: The prevalence of NAFLD ranges from 25% in the general population to 90% in obese patients scheduled for bariatric surgery. NAFLD can progress to NASH, leading to serious complications. Weight loss and lifestyle changes are the current treatment options, and bariatric surgery has shown short-term improvements. However, the extent and long-term effects of surgery on NAFLD/NASH are still uncertain. The factors involved in the regression of NAFLD/NASH after bariatric surgery have not been fully understood.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyla Wright, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Elcin Zan, Nicole Werner, Alan Harris, Richard A. Feelders, Nidhi Agrawal
Summary: Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) requires timely diagnosis due to the risks it poses. Traditional diagnostic modalities have limitations, leading to the need for repeated testing. Additionally, the identification of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting adenomas can be challenging. Newer methods, such as hair analysis and advanced imaging techniques, offer more accurate and non-invasive diagnostic options for CS patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eva B. Warreman, Susan E. Lloyd, Laura A. Nooteboom, Pieter J. M. Leenen, Mary Beth Terry, Hans W. Hoek, Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Robert R. J. M. Vermeiren, Wietske A. Ester
Summary: People who provide care for autistic individuals experience higher levels of caregiver strain and worse psychological health compared to people who care for individuals with other chronic conditions. Autism caregiving may also be associated with an altered immune balance. These findings highlight the increased strain faced by autism caregivers and the need for greater support for them.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mostafa Mohseni, Susanne Kuckuck, Renate E. H. Meeusen, Geranne Jiskoot, Robin Lengton, Mesut Savas, Kirsten A. C. Berk, Eline S. Van der Valk, Bibian Van der Voorn, Sjoerd A. A. Van den Berg, Anand M. Iyer, Johannes B. J. Bussmann, Pieter J. M. Leenen, Wim A. Dik, Cornelis J. de Groot, Erica L. T. Van den Akker, Elisabeth F. C. Van Rossum
Summary: Obesity is a complex disease with various negative impacts on health. Lifestyle interventions are important for its treatment, but the definition of treatment success based solely on weight loss may be limited. This study showed the comprehensive effects of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention on physiological, psychological, and behavioral health in individuals with obesity, and found that changes in health outcomes were not solely dependent on weight loss.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)