Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Castellano-Castillo, Bruno Ramos-Molina, Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera, Luis Ocana-Wilhelmi, Maria Isabel Queipo-Ortuno, Fernando Cardona
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the changes in H3K4me3 histone mark in human adipose tissue under obesity and insulin resistance conditions. The results showed that H3K4me3 enrichment in gene promoters was closely related to higher mRNA levels, and differentially enriched H3K4me3 could regulate genes in adipose tissue, affecting its function during obesity and insulin resistance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mattia Cominacini, Alessia Fumaneri, Linda Ballerini, Michele Braggio, Maria Teresa Valenti, Luca Dalle Carbonare
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency is related to visceral adipose tissue, and waist circumference is a surrogate measure for evaluating visceral fat. There are gender differences in the response to vitamin D supplementation and predictive factors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. Carmen Navarro-Ruiz, M. Carmen Soler-Vazquez, Alberto Diaz-Ruiz, Juan R. Peinado, Andrea Nieto Calonge, Julia Sanchez-Ceinos, Carmen Tercero-Alcazar, Jaime Lopez-Alcala, Oriol A. Rangel-Zuniga, Antonio Membrives, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Maria M. Malagon, Rocio Guzman-Ruiz
Summary: This study investigated the carbonylome of subcutaneous and omental human adipose tissue in obesity-associated insulin resistance. The results showed differences in carbonylated proteins between different fat depots, highlighting the complexity of oxidative stress at the metabolic level. Furthermore, the study revealed the altered expression and function of carbonylated transferrin, linking oxidative stress to metabolic dysfunction. This research provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying adipocyte dysfunction in obesity and identifies potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Berta Portugal, Fanny Artaud, Cloe Domenighetti, Emmanuel Roze, Isabelle Degaey, Marianne Canonico, Alexis Elbaz
Summary: This study found an inverse association between obesity and Parkinson's disease in a cohort of French women. The occurrence of obesity was less frequent in patients with PD before diagnosis, indicating a potential protective effect of obesity in the development of PD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Hauffe, Michaela Rath, Wilson Agyapong, Wenke Jonas, Heike Vogel, Tim J. Schulz, Maria Schwarz, Anna P. Kipp, Matthias Bluher, Andre Kleinridders
Summary: The intake of high-fat diets leads to obesity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. The trace element selenium can protect against the development of diet-induced insulin resistance. However, selenium might not be able to attenuate insulin resistance in the presence of obesity.
Review
Immunology
Weizheng Liang, Yanxu Qi, Hongyang Yi, Chenyu Mao, Qingxue Meng, Hao Wang, Chunfu Zheng
Summary: Macrophages, a population of immune cells, play a vital role in antigen presentation and inflammatory response. Their plasticity and heterogeneity allow them to polarize into different phenotypes under different conditions. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) have been found to be closely related to metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. This article summarizes the factors affecting the polarization of ATMs and explores their potential as targets for immunotherapy in preventing and treating metabolic diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hanying Liu, Di Yang, Shaobo Li, Yunfeng Xiao, Yinfang Tu, Danfeng Peng, Yuqian Bao, Junfeng Han, Haoyong Yu
Summary: A simple model to predict VFA using age, waist circumference, and neck circumference was developed and validated in overweight and obese Chinese individuals, demonstrating good predictive power for both men and women. The equations provide an ideal tool for early detection of visceral obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose Ignacio Ramirez-Manent, Andres Martinez Jover, Caroline Silveira Martinez, Pilar Tomas-Gil, Pau Marti-Lliteras, Angel Arturo Lopez-Gonzalez
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (Met-S) is a significant health problem associated with insulin resistance (IR). This study aims to assess the relationship between different insulin resistance risk scales and Met-S and identify the components of Met-S that contribute most to IR. The results demonstrate that insulin resistance risk scales can accurately classify individuals with Met-S, particularly when using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, and waist circumference is the key factor associated with both IR and Met-S.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xin Shu, Jiaqi Wu, Tao Zhang, Xiaoyu Ma, Zuoqin Du, Jin Xu, Jingcan You, Liqun Wang, Ni Chen, Mao Luo, Jianbo Wu
Summary: The study suggests that PCSK9 expression in adipose tissue may mediate statin-induced adipocyte insulin resistance. PCSK9 deficiency could protect against statin-induced impairments in insulin signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ignacio Colon-Mesa, Neira Sainz, Patricia Corrales, Maria Collantes, Philipp Kaldis, Jose Alfredo Martinez, Gema Medina-Gomez, Maria Jesus Moreno-Aliaga, Xavier Escote
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of p27 deletion on the activity of brown adipose tissue and the susceptibility to develop obesity and glucose homeostasis disturbances in mice. The results showed that p27 knockout mice were more prone to obesity and insulin resistance. The study suggested that p27 may play a role in brown adipose tissue activation and the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chao Cao, Han-Chow E. Koh, Stephan Van Vliet, Bruce W. Patterson, Dominic N. Reeds, Richard Laforest, Robert J. Gropler, Bettina Mittendorfer
Summary: This study found that enhanced FFA clearance in people with obesity is negatively correlated with muscle insulin sensitivity, and the stimulatory effect of insulin on FFA clearance is more significant in obese individuals.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lukasz Pilarski, Marta Pelczynska, Anna Koperska, Agnieszka Seraszek-Jaros, Monika Szulinska, Pawel Bogdanski
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association between vaspin concentration and metabolic disorders in obese individuals. The results showed that serum vaspin concentrations were significantly higher in the obese group compared to the control group. The findings suggest that vaspin may be a useful diagnostic parameter for obesity-related complications.
Review
Cell Biology
Zhaohua Cai, Yijie Huang, Ben He
Summary: Obesity is a global epidemic associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Macrophages play a crucial role in obesity-associated inflammation. Recent research has provided insights into the diverse roles of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in obesity and comorbidities. This review summarizes the characterization of different subpopulations of ATMs in obesity, the extensive crosstalk between adipocytes and ATMs, and the extended crosstalk within adipose tissue between perivascular mesenchymal cells and ATMs.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Benedikt Dietz, Juergen Machann, Vaibhav Agrawal, Martin Heni, Patrick Schwab, Julia Dienes, Steffen Reichert, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Fritz Schick, Norbert Stefan, Andreas Fritsche, Hubert Preissl, Bernhard Schoelkopf, Stefan Bauer, Robert Wagner
Summary: The study indicated that diabetes can be detected through whole-body MRI without additional data, with visceral fat playing a crucial role in diabetes classification. The model identified a high-risk group with increased risk for future diabetes and microalbuminuria.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aldo Scafoglieri, Jona Van den Broeck, Erik Cattrysse, Ivan Bautmans, Steven B. Heymsfield
Summary: This study found that the distribution ratios of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) show curvilinear relationships with age and anthropometry. Interpreting changes in body composition based on linear extrapolations in clinical practice can be challenging.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Nasrin Goolam Mahyoodeen, Nigel J. Crowther, Tracy Snyman, Lushen Pillay, Mohammed Tikly
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gina Leisching, Victoria Cole, Aus T. Ali, Bienyameen Baker
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Engelbert A. Nonterah, Palwende R. Boua, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Gershim Asiki, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Godfred Agongo, Stuart A. Ali, Felistas Mashinya, Herman Sorgho, Seydou Nakanabo-Diallo, Cornelius Debpuur, Catherine Kyobutungi, Marianne Alberts, Shane Norris, Stephen Tollman, Halidou Tinto, Cassandra C. Soo, Freedom Mukomana, Scott Hazelhurst, Alisha N. Wade, Kathleen Kahn, Abraham R. Oduro, Diederick E. Grobbee, Osman Sankoh, Michele Ramsay, Michiel L. Bots, Nigel J. Crowther, Alisha Wade, Abraham Oduro, Nigel Crowther, Himla Soodyall, Zane Lombard, Frances Xavier Gomez-Olive Casas, Ryan Wagner, Ian Cook, Sam Ntuli, Christopher Khayeka-Wandabwa, Tilahun Nigatu Haregu, Shukri F. Mohammed, Stella Muthuri, Toussaint Rouamba, Eric Fato, Immaculate Anati, Lucas Amega-Etego, Nomses Baloyi, Juliana Kagura, Richard Munthali, Yusuf Guman, Ananyo Choudhury
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2019)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
N. G. Jaff, L. H. Rubin, N. J. Crowther, S. A. Norris, P. M. Maki
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
A. T. Ali, F. Guidozzi
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
G. Leisching, A. Ali, V Cole, B. Baker
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. A. George, S. A. Norris, T. Snyman, L. Khambule, M. Toman, N. J. Crowther
Summary: The study found that vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant black South African women. However, levels of 25(OH)D did not change significantly between different time points, while levels of 24, 25-(OH)(2)D decreased and VMR increased. Additionally, 25(OH)D was negatively associated with 30-minute glucose concentrations, while 24, 25-(OH)(2)D was positively associated with fasting insulin.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Cara-Lesley Bartlett, Eleanor Margaret Cave, Nigel John Crowther, William Frank Ferris
Summary: Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an isozyme with various isoforms. Its function in many tissues is largely unknown, except for the bone isoform which is well characterized in mineralization. Recent studies have shown that TNAP is expressed in preadipocytes and may play a role in lipid accumulation, although the exact mechanism is unclear.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Engelbert A. Nonterah, Nigel J. Crowther, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Abraham R. Oduro, Maryam Kavousi, Godfred Agongo, Todd J. Anderson, Gershim Asiki, Palwende R. Boua, Solomon S. R. Choma, David J. Couper, Gunnar Engstrom, Jacqueline de Graaf, Jussi Kauhanen, Eva M. Lonn, Ellisiv B. Mathiesen, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Shuhei Okazaki, Joseph F. Polak, Tatjana Rundek, Jukka T. Salonen, Stephen M. Tollman, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen, Diederick E. Grobbee, Michele Ramsay, Michiel L. Bots
Summary: The association between established cardiovascular risk factors and carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT) differs across racial or ethnic groups, which may be due to lifestyle risk factors and genetics. These differences have implications for developing race-ethnicity-specific primary prevention strategies and understanding the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Further investigations are needed to explore the burden of subclinical atherosclerosis in African American individuals.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amy E. Mendham, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Fredrik Karpe, Andre Pascal Kengne, Tinashe Chikowore, Clement N. Kufe, Maphoko Masemola, Nigel J. Crowther, Shane A. Norris, Tommy Olsson, Solve Elmstahl, Tove Fall, Lars Lind, Julia H. Goedecke
Summary: Using a targeted proteomics approach, this study aimed to identify and validate circulating proteins associated with impaired glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes in a Black South African cohort. The results identified 34 proteins associated with type 2 diabetes, of which 11 were associated with measures of type 2 diabetes pathophysiology. This study highlights the similarity of biomarkers between different populations and emphasizes the need for validation in African cohorts.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Caroline B. T. Makura-Kankwende, Philippe J. Gradidge, Nigel J. Crowther, Tshifhiwa Ratshikombo, Julia H. Goedecke, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Shane A. Norris, Tinashe Chikowore
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between longitudinal nutrient patterns and body composition in black South African middle-aged women. The results showed that nutrient patterns centered on animal food and added sugar, animal fat, and animal protein were associated with increases in visceral adipose tissue and fat mass, suggesting the importance of dietary interventions targeting these patterns in reducing obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Philippe J. Gradidge, Shane A. Norris, Nigel J. Crowther
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the influence of obesity on waist circumference cut-points for diagnosing metabolic syndrome in sub-Saharan African women, and to determine if other anthropometric measures are also affected by BMI. Results showed that the cut-points for waist circumference and total body fat were higher in women with high BMI compared to those with low BMI, while waist-to-hip ratio and body shape index cut-points were similar across both BMI groups, and peripheral fat cut-point was lower in the high BMI group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that waist circumference was associated with a higher risk for metabolic syndrome, while hip circumference was associated with a lower risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Monica Muti, Lisa J. Ware, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Michele Ramsay, Godfred Agongo, Palwende R. Boua, Isaac Kisiangani, Ian Cook, Francesc Xavier Gomez-Olive, Nigel J. Crowther, Chodziwadziwa Kabudula, Shane A. Norris, Tinashe Chikowore
Summary: This study explores the association between self-reported physical activity and body mass index (BMI) in African adults. Results show that meeting physical activity guidelines is associated with lower BMI in both men and women. There are also site-specific differences in the associations between physical activity domains and BMI. In conclusion, physical activity may be an effective strategy to address obesity in Africa, but more research is needed to assess the impact of interventions tailored to gender and geographic location.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Philippe Gradidge, Merling Phaswana, Katrien Wijndaele, Nigel Crowther, Catherine Draper
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael P. Hunter, Nigel J. Crowther
MINERVA GASTROENTEROLOGICA E DIETOLOGICA
(2019)