Article
Microbiology
John L. Dahl, Wayne Gatlin, Phuong M. Tran, Cody S. Sheik
Summary: The study isolated a novel species of Mycolicibacterium named Mycolicibacterium nivoides from a peat bog in northern Minnesota, which was distinct from its closest relative M. septicum in terms of 16S rRNA gene sequence, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Phylogenomic analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization supported the divergence of the new species from M. septicum.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Ralph J. M. Temmink, Peter M. J. M. Cruijsen, Alfons J. P. Smolders, Tjeerd J. Bouma, Gregory S. Fivash, Wouter Lengkeek, Karin Didderen, Leon P. M. Lamers, Tjisse van Der Heide
Summary: The study suggests that open water and floating peat mats in human-made bog lakes can be considered as two alternative stable states, and state shift can be induced by temporary floating establishment structures. Water depth plays a crucial role in promoting peat moss growth, and addition of organic substrate benefits vascular plant growth.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Callum R. C. Evans, Donal J. Mullan, Helen M. Roe, Patricia M. Fox, Simon Gray, Graeme T. Swindles
Summary: Peatlands are globally important habitats and carbon stores, but they face significant management challenges due to human impacts and climate change. The restoration measures of drain blocking show complex but meaningful results, with increased species diversity and wetter conditions observed. However, caution is advised when using testate amoebae for bioindication until their assemblage-level response to restoration is better understood. This study highlights the potential of using indicator-taxa based approaches with testate amoebae as bioindicators for peatland restoration immediately after restoration.
WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sannimari A. Kaarmelahti, Christian Fritz, Gabrielle R. Quadra, Maider Erize Gardoki, Greta Gaudig, Matthias Krebs, Ralph J. M. Temmink
Summary: Research has shown that different depths of topsoil removal during rewetting of drained peatlands have varying effects on Sphagnum growth, nutrient availability, and vegetation development. TSR5 may be the most suitable method for paludiculture, but its applicability for restoration purposes needs further investigation.
Article
Geography, Physical
Kristina A. Da Silva, Rebecca A. Snyder, Maara S. Packalen, James W. McLaughlin, Dorothy M. Peteet, Sarah A. Finkelstein
Summary: The Hudson Bay Lowlands in Canada's boreal subarctic is a significant peatland region that is currently experiencing climate warming and anthropogenic stressors. A study conducted on a peat core from the region revealed the impact of climate variability and multiple stressors on peat accumulation. The findings suggest that mineral nutrients, supplied by surface hydrology or eolian deposition, played a role in carbon accumulation in the peatland.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ralph J. M. Temmink, Renske J. E. Vroom, Gijs van Dijk, Sannimari A. Kaarmelahti, Adam H. W. Koks, Hans Joosten, Matthias Krebs, Greta Gaudig, Kristina Brust, Leon P. M. Lamers, Alfons J. P. Smolders, Christian Fritz
Summary: Drained peatlands emit greenhouse gases and cause nutrient pollution, but rewetting and cultivation of Sphagnum biomass can restore carbon storage and sustain biodiversity. A study in NW-Germany showed that 10 years of Sphagnum growth resulted in significant carbon and nutrient accumulation without active fertilization. Porewater nutrient concentrations were low and stable, indicating the potential for bog restoration on agricultural peatlands.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel N. Schillereff, Richard C. Chiverrell, Jenny K. Sjostrom, Malin E. Kylander, John F. Boyle, Jessica A. C. Davies, Hannah Toberman, Edward Tipping
Summary: The research suggests that long-term phosphorus accumulation can lead to reduced carbon sequestration in ombrotrophic peatlands, while increased atmospheric nutrient fluxes from human activities may impact carbon storage. Phosphorus supply is identified as one of the important factors influencing long-term carbon storage in ombrotrophic peatlands.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Anatoly Bobrov, Clement Duckert, Edward A. D. Mitchell
Summary: The article describes a new species of Certesella genus, Certesella larai, found in Sphagnum mosses and forest litter samples collected in the Dominican Republic and Chile. Although the new species shares characteristics with Porosia and Certesella genera, it also shows distinct differences, suggesting a need for molecular analyses to confirm its phylogenetic position. The presence of this new species in two distant regions - Caribbean and central Chile - suggests a likely widespread distribution, highlighting the need for more systematic sampling efforts to document the full taxonomic diversity of soil protists.
ACTA PROTOZOOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
S. A. Kaarmelahti, R. J. M. Temmink, G. van Dijk, A. Prager, M. Kohl, G. Gaudig, A. H. W. Koks, W. Liu, R. J. E. Vroom, K. Gerwing, C. J. H. Peters, M. Krebs, C. Fritz
Summary: The degradation of peatland has negative effects on the environment and society. Rewetting is an option to restore lost ecosystem functions, and the nutrient dynamics and carbon/nutrient sequestration rates of different Sphagnum species should be considered for restoration and paludiculture purposes.
Article
Ecology
Colleen M. Iversen, John Latimer, Deanne J. Brice, Joanne Childs, Holly M. Vander Stel, Camille E. Defrenne, Jake Graham, Natalie A. Griffiths, Avni Malhotra, Richard J. Norby, Keith C. Oleheiser, Jana R. Phillips, Verity G. Salmon, Stephen D. Sebestyen, Xiaojuan Yang, Paul J. Hanson
Summary: Warming is found to exponentially increase plant-available ammonium and phosphate in a peatland ecosystem, with no effect from elevated CO2 levels. The dynamics of nutrient availability are influenced by peat depth and microtopography. Future predictions of peatland nutrient availability should take into account dynamic changes in nutrient acquisition by plants and microbes, as well as peat depth and microtopography.
Article
Geography, Physical
David Bysouth, Sarah A. Finkelstein
Summary: The study revealed that carbon accumulation rates have varied in peatlands since the Holocene, with vertical accretion rates playing a significant role. Water table levels also impact the taxonomic assemblages and abundances of testate amoebae in the peat cores.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kaushik Gupta, Anirban Mukhopadhyay, David G. Babb, David G. Barber, Jens K. Ehn
Summary: By analyzing ice charts from the Canadian Ice Service, the temporal and spatial variability of landfast sea ice surrounding Hudson Bay and James Bay from 2000 to 2019 has been characterized. Contrasting changes in the persistence of fast ice were observed between the western and eastern sides of the bays, with the western side experiencing later freeze-up and earlier break-up, resulting in a shorter fast ice season, while the eastern side showed earlier freeze-up and delayed break-up, leading to a longer fast ice season. The study also emphasized the role of regional factors, such as coastal orientation and bathymetry, in controlling the stability, growth, and decay of fast ice.
ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Mauro Caffau, Emanuele Lodolo, Federica Donda, Massimo Zecchin, Jorge G. Lozano, Federica Nasi, Donaldo M. Bran, Alejandro Tassone, Andrea Caburlotto
Summary: Research shows that the spectacular water outburst occurring semi-periodically when the ice-dam formed by the external front of the Perito Moreno glacier collapses is one of the most attracting events in the UNESCO 'Parque Nacional Los Glaciares' of southern Patagonia. Sediment cores collected from a small inlet of Brazo Sur in Lago Argentino provide evidence of ice-dammings during the Little Ice Age, highlighting the significant role of glaciolacustine deposits in reconstructing the glacial dynamics and paleoclimate evolution of a glaciated region. These well-preserved stratigraphic records also indicate recurring high-energy conditions generated by the emptying of the lake basin.
Article
Geography, Physical
Gabriel Magnan, Terri Lacourse, Michelle Garneau
Summary: This study compared testate amoeba data obtained from wet-sieving and palynological analyses, finding that the latter method significantly reduces test concentrations, diversity, and richness. However, in some instances, both methods were able to capture important hydrological changes.
Article
Geography, Physical
Marissa A. Davies, Jim W. Mclaughlin, Maara S. Packalen, Sarah A. Finkelstein
Summary: This study investigates the impact of local ecohydrological factors on long-term carbon storage by examining two treed peatland sites. The research finds that during the warmer Middle Holocene, both sites had high rates of peat vertical accretion, but a shift to a drier habitat led to a decrease in carbon accumulation rates. The study also shows that with climate change, carbon accumulation rates decreased at both sites.
JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Mylene Robitaille, Michelle Garneau, Simon van Bellen, Nicole K. Sanderson
Summary: Peatlands in the north-central region of Quebec, Canada, display characteristics of patterned peatlands, which recorded hydrological disequilibrium during the Neoglacial cooling period. Data shows that these peatlands initially formed around 6500 years ago, with a general increase in surface wetness during the Neoglacial cooling until the end of the Little Ice Age. A synchronous ecosystem state shift from oligotrophic to more ombrotrophic conditions was registered at the beginning of the 20th century in both study sites.
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. Loisel, A. Gallego-Sala, M. J. Amesbury, G. Magnan, G. Anshari, D. W. Beilman, J. C. Benavides, J. Blewett, P. Camill, D. J. Charman, S. Chawchai, A. Hedgpeth, T. Kleinen, A. Korhola, D. Large, C. A. Mansilla, J. Muller, S. van Bellen, J. B. West, Z. Yu, J. L. Bubier, M. Garneau, T. Moore, A. B. K. Sannel, S. Page, M. Valiranta, M. Bechtold, V Brovkin, L. E. S. Cole, J. P. Chanton, T. R. Christensen, M. A. Davies, F. De Vleeschouwer, S. A. Finkelstein, S. Frolking, M. Galka, L. Gandois, N. Girkin, L. Harris, A. Heinemeyer, A. M. Hoyt, M. C. Jones, F. Joos, S. Juutinen, K. Kaiser, T. Lacourse, M. Lamentowicz, T. Larmola, J. Leifeld, A. Lohila, A. M. Milner, K. Minkkinen, P. Moss, B. D. A. Naafs, J. Nichols, J. O'Donnell, R. Payne, M. Philben, S. Piilo, A. Quillet, A. S. Ratnayake, T. P. Roland, S. Sjogersten, O. Sonnentag, G. T. Swindles, W. Swinnen, J. Talbot, C. Treat, A. C. Valach, J. Wu
Summary: Peatlands are influenced by climate and land use changes, impacting the carbon cycle. While there is a shift predicted from carbon sink to source this century, peatlands are still overlooked in major Earth system models and integrated assessment models for future climate change projections. This study emphasizes the importance of including peatland science in research agendas to better understand the nexus between peatland carbon dynamics and climate change.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Helen Mackay, Matthew J. Amesbury, Pete G. Langdon, Dan J. Charman, Gabriel Magnan, Simon van Bellen, Michelle Garneau, Rupert Bainbridge, Paul D. M. Hughes
Summary: The study reconstructs hydroclimatic changes in northeastern North America over the past millennium, revealing spatially divergent patterns during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age. The wetter conditions in southern peatlands and drier conditions in northern and continental sites during these periods suggest complex hydroclimatic patterns. The spatial variability of hydroclimate change during the Little Ice Age may be related to local permafrost aggradation and similarities with dry periods during the Medieval Climate Anomaly.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Lorna Harris, Karen Richardson, Kelly A. Bona, Scott J. Davidson, Sarah A. Finkelstein, Michelle Garneau, Jim McLaughlin, Felix Nwaishi, David Olefeldt, Maara Packalen, Nigel T. Roulet, F. Meg Southee, Maria Strack, Kara L. Webster, Sophie L. Wilkinson, Justina C. Ray
Summary: Northern peatlands have cooled the global climate by accumulating large quantities of soil carbon over thousands of years, making them critical for mitigating climate warming. Despite their importance, these peatlands in Canada and globally are facing threats from land-use change and disturbances, highlighting the need for targeted policies to strengthen their management. Insufficient policy safeguards and limited quantification and reporting of peatland greenhouse-gas emissions and removals increase the vulnerability of these important ecosystems.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gabriel Magnan, Nicole K. Sanderson, Sanna Piilo, Steve Pratte, Minna Valiranta, Simon van Bellen, Hui Zhang, Michelle Garneau
Summary: Recent ecosystem shifts in northern peatlands, including transitions from oligotrophic fens to bogs and expansion of Sphagnum, are widespread and coincided with climate warming. Rapid transitions towards drier bog communities and Sphagnum expansion, especially in the northern subarctic sites of northeastern Canada, are concurrent with summer warming. These results suggest a northward migration of Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in North America in response to climate change, with differences in timing of ecosystem shifts reflecting internal peatland dynamics and varying vegetation responses.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Goslin, P. Bernatchez, R. L. Barnett, C. Beland, B. Ghaleb, D. Didier, M. Garneau
Summary: This study aims to improve the understanding of the resilience capacity of salt-marsh environments to sea-level rise and wave events by reconstructing the accretion histories of two marshes in Eastern Canada. The analysis reveals contrasting sedimentation histories between the two sites and highlights the importance of coarse sedimentation for maintaining accretion rates and building resilience in saltmarshes.
Article
Soil Science
Denis Angers, Rock Ouimet, Pascale Roy-Leveillee, Michelle Garneau
Article
Geography, Physical
Leonie Perrier, Michelle Garneau, Steve Pratte, Nicole K. Sanderson
Summary: This study presents reconstructions of the ecohydrological conditions and carbon accumulation of two maritime peatlands on Anticosti Island, Canada. The results show that the development of these peatlands is influenced by sea-surface conditions in interaction with atmospheric circulation. The peat accumulation rates are lower than the global average for northern peatlands, likely due to high wind exposure.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pierre Taillardat, Pascal Bodmer, Charles P. Deblois, Alex Poncot, Antonin Prijac, Khawla Riahi, Laure Gandois, Paul A. del Giorgio, Marc Andre Bourgault, Alain Tremblay, Michelle Garneau
Summary: This study investigates the carbon greenhouse gas emissions and losses in a peatland headwater stream and finds that porewater seepage is the primary source of CO2 and methane in the stream. Precipitation events and topography play important roles in controlling the magnitude of carbon greenhouse gas fluxes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
C. Lambert, M. Larocque, S. Gagne, M. Garneau
Summary: This research aims to quantify the hydrological connectivity between a surficial aquifer and a peatland in north-central Quebec and identify the controlling factors. The study finds contrasting water budgets and different controlling factors for two peatlands, highlighting the importance of considering hydrological conditions beyond the peatland limits.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hui Zhang, Minna Valiranta, Graeme T. Swindles, Marco A. Aquino-Lopez, Donal Mullan, Ning Tan, Matthew Amesbury, Kirill Babeshko, Kunshan Bao, Anatoly Bobrov, Viktor Chernyshov, Marissa A. Davies, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Angelica Feurdean, Sarah A. Finkelstein, Michelle Garneau, Zhengtang Guo, Miriam C. Jones, Martin Kay, Eric S. Klein, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Gabriel Magnan, Katarzyna Marcisz, Natalia Mazei, Yuri Mazei, Richard Payne, Nicolas Pelletier, Sanna R. Piilo, Steve Pratte, Thomas Roland, Damir Saldaev, William Shotyk, Thomas G. Sim, Thomas J. Sloan, Michal Slowinski, Julie Talbot, Liam Taylor, Andrey N. Tsyganov, Sebastian Wetterich, Wei Xing, Yan Zhao
Summary: A recent synthesis study has found that high-latitude peatlands have exhibited complex and highly uncertain ecohydrological dynamics over the past centuries, with 54% of the peatlands drying and 32% wetting. This highlights the importance of understanding the responses of high-latitude peatlands to a warming climate.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sanna R. Piilo, Minna M. Valiranta, Matt J. Amesbury, Marco A. Aquino-Lopez, Dan J. Charman, Angela Gallego-Sala, Michelle Garneau, Natalia Koroleva, Mai Karppa, Anna M. Laine, A. Britta K. Sannel, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Hui Zhang
Summary: Climate warming leads to permafrost thaw in northern peatlands, increasing surface wetness and methane emissions. Hydrology plays a key role in peatland vegetation composition, which affects carbon dynamics. Peatland carbon budgets may become uncertain due to the accelerated plant production and peat decomposition caused by warming.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Antonin Prijac, Laure Gandois, Laurent Jeanneau, Pierre Taillardat, Michelle Garneau
Summary: Pools are common features of peatlands and play an important role in the carbon cycle. This study found that the majority of carbon emitted from pools in a boreal peatland originates from plant-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). The composition and dynamics of DOM in pools and peat porewater differ, indicating that pools are a key component of peatland ecosystems.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sandy P. Harrison, Roberto Villegas-Diaz, Esmeralda Cruz-Silva, Daniel Gallagher, David Kesner, Paul Lincoln, Yicheng Shen, Luke Sweeney, Daniele Colombaroli, Adam Ali, Cheima Barhoumi, Yves Bergeron, Tatiana Blyakharchuk, Premysl Bobek, Richard Bradshaw, Jennifer L. Clear, Sambor Czerwinski, Anne-Laure Daniau, John Dodson, Kevin J. Edwards, Mary E. Edwards, Angelica Feurdean, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Mariusz Galka, Michelle Garneau, Thomas Giesecke, Graciela Gil Romera, Martin P. Girardin, Dana Hoefer, Kangyou Huang, Jun Inoue, Eva Jamrichova, Nauris Jasiunas, Wenying Jiang, Gonzalo Jimenez-Moreno, Monika Karpinska-Kolaczek, Piotr Kolaczek, Niina Kuosmanen, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Martin Lavoie, Fang Li, Jianyong Li, Olga Lisitsyna, Jose Antonio Lopez-Saez, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Gabriel Magnan, Eniko Katalin Magyari, Alekss Maksims, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Jenn Marlon, Scott Mensing, Joanna Miroslaw-Grabowska, Wyatt Oswald, Sebastian Perez-Diaz, Ramon Perez-Obiol, Sanna Piilo, Anneli Poska, Xiaoguang Qin, Cecile C. Remy, Pierre J. H. Richard, Sakari Salonen, Naoko Sasaki, Hieke Schneider, William Shotyk, Migle Stancikaite, Dace Steinberga, Normunds Stivrins, Hikaru Takahara, Zhihai Tan, Liva Trasune, Charles E. Umbanhowar, Minna Valiranta, Juri Vassiljev, Xiayun Xiao, Qinghai Xu, Xin Xu, Edyta Zawisza, Yan Zhao, Zheng Zhou, Jordan Paillard
Summary: This article presents an expanded charcoal records database with new age models based on recalibration of radiocarbon ages. The database provides a wider geographical coverage and more extensive metadata for studying fire regimes.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Gabriel Magnan, Terri Lacourse, Michelle Garneau
Summary: This study compared testate amoeba data obtained from wet-sieving and palynological analyses, finding that the latter method significantly reduces test concentrations, diversity, and richness. However, in some instances, both methods were able to capture important hydrological changes.