Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew Goelzer, Amel Dudakovic, Melis Olcum, Buer Sen, Engin Ozcivici, Janet Rubin, Andre J. van Wijnen, Gunes Uzer
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) maintain musculoskeletal system by differentiating into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Mechanical signals like strain and low-intensity vibration regulate MSC differentiation via cell structure control. Lamin A/C protein is crucial for nuclear architecture, and its depletion affects adipogenesis markers and cellular stiffness. The study suggests mechanoregulation of adipogenesis and mechanical activation of focal adhesions happen independently from lamin A/C.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Yinuo Wang, Gergana Dobreva
Summary: Mutations in the LMNA gene cause laminopathies, a group of diverse diseases. LMNA-related cardiomyopathy is a common inherited heart disease with a poor prognosis. Research using mouse models, stem cells, and patient samples has characterized the phenotypic diversity caused by LMNA variants and contributed to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying heart disease. This review focuses on the different cardiomyopathies caused by LMNA mutations, the role of LMNA in chromatin organization and gene regulation, and how these processes are disrupted in heart disease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rafal Czapiewski, Dzmitry G. Batrakou, Jose de las Heras, Roderick N. Carter, Aishwarya Sivakumar, Magdalena Sliwinska, Charles R. Dixon, Shaun Webb, Giovanna Lattanzi, Nicholas M. Morton, Eric C. Schirmer
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of nuclear envelope protein Tmem120a in the establishment of fat genome organization. The deficiency of Tmem120a disrupts the organization of fat genes, leading to suppressed lipid metabolism pathway and induced expression of myogenic genes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Eftekhar Eftekharpour
Summary: Aging leads to age-associated diseases, particularly affecting the nervous system. Alzheimer's disease is a well-known example, characterized by the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. Therapeutic attempts targeting these aggregates have been unsuccessful, highlighting the need to understand the underlying mechanisms. Recent research has shown the importance of neuronal nucleus damage, specifically nuclear lamina damage, in the pathophysiology of the disease. This research perspective emphasizes the significance of targeting the neuronal nucleus for potential therapeutic interventions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camilla Evangelisti, Isabella Rusciano, Sara Mongiorgi, Giulia Ramazzotti, Giovanna Lattanzi, Lucia Manzoli, Lucio Cocco, Stefano Ratti
Summary: B-type lamins are essential components of the nuclear lamina and play key roles in nuclear functions, cellular processes, and organogenesis. Mutations or fluctuations in their expression levels are critical for the onset of various diseases.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Hai-Bo Huang, Hai-Tao Luo, Na-Na Wei, Miao-Ling Liu, Fei He, Wei Yang, Jun Dong, Xiao-Fei Yang, Fu-Rong Li
Summary: This study revealed the landscape of lineage-specific circRNAs during adipo-osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through integrative analysis. It identified circ-CRLF1 as a potential therapeutic target for skeleton-related diseases, providing new insights for their treatment.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Julia Madsen-Osterbye, Mohamed Abdelhalim, Sarah Hazell Pickering, Philippe Collas
Summary: This study reveals that the nuclear lamina provides a repressive chromatin environment, and most genes in lamina-associated domains (LADs) are inactive. However, over ten percent of the genes in LADs are active. The study shows that the inferred enhancers of active genes in LADs can interact with other enhancers inside and outside LADs, and the distance between differentially expressed genes in LADs and distant enhancers changes during adipogenic differentiation. The involvement of lamin A/C in repressing genes in the border of an in-LAD active region within a topological domain is also shown.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julee Verma, Ajit Kumar Rai, Neeraj Kumar Satija
Summary: Environmental chemical exposure can cause dysregulation in adipogenesis that can result in metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and excessive body weight. Synthetic pyrethroids CPM and PER increase adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The effect of CPM and PER on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the role of autophagy in adipogenic lineage commitment were evaluated in this study. The study found that CPM and PER pre-treatment significantly increased adipogenic differentiation of MSCs and inhibited autophagy.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Collynn F. Woeller, Sydney A. Lim, Elisa Roztocil, Min Yee, Eric E. Beier, J. Edward Puzas, Michael A. O'Reilly
Summary: Preterm birth can lead to respiratory diseases and growth failure. Exposure to high levels of oxygen in early life may suppress fat accumulation and impair adipogenic differentiation, potentially contributing to growth failure seen in preterm individuals.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonio Casado-Diaz, Angel Rodriguez-Ramos, Barbara Torrecillas-Baena, Gabriel Dorado, Jose Manuel Quesada-Gomez, Maria Angeles Galvez-Moreno
Summary: Study found that phloretin can inhibit human adipogenesis by increasing beta-catenin and inducing apoptosis in adipocytes during late differentiation. This suggests the potential of phloretin-rich foods for clinical use and regenerative-medicine applications to combat obesity and prevent bone-marrow adiposity.
Review
Cell Biology
Yuxuan Zhong, Xiang Li, Fanglin Wang, Shoushuai Wang, Xiaohong Wang, Xiaohong Tian, Shuling Bai, Di Miao, Jun Fan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that various exosomes can influence the adipogenic differentiation of stem cells. Exosomes play an important role in promoting tissue regeneration and provide new ideas for adipose tissue engineering research.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria Serena Piccinno, Tiziana Petrachi, Marco Pignatti, Alba Murgia, Giulia Grisendi, Olivia Candini, Elisa Resca, Valentina Bergamini, Francesco Ganzerli, Alberto Portone, Ilenia Mastrolia, Chiara Chiavelli, Ilaria Castelli, Daniela Bernabei, Mara Tagliazucchi, Elisa Bonetti, Francesca Lolli, Giorgio De Santis, Massimo Dominici, Elena Veronesi
Summary: This study investigates the use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (AD-MSCs) in autologous fat transfer (AFT) for tissue reconstruction. The results show that AD-MSCs can improve graft persistence and reduce tissue resorption after AFT. The implanted AD-MSCs can persist and differentiate into mature adipocytes, leading to better outcomes in terms of graft weight and reduced cyst formation. This suggests a long-term protective and anti-inflammatory/proangiogenic role of AD-MSCs in autologous AFT tissue resorption.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shao-Yue Du, Liang Hu, Bing-He Zhou, Ze Zhang, Ming-Chao Li, Dong Chang, Cong-Jian Xu, Xin Dou
Summary: The commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to preadipocytes and the termination of differentiation into adipocytes are critical for maintaining energy homeostasis, but the molecular mechanisms involved are still not well understood. In this study, we investigated the role of Sox6, a transcription factor, in regulating adipocyte differentiation and discovered its potential as a therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic disorders.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Adriana Bajetto, Alessandra Pattarozzi, Rodolfo Sirito, Federica Barbieri, Tullio Florio
Summary: Recent research has shown that metformin, a commonly used drug for type-2 diabetes, has beneficial effects on inflammation, aging, and cancer. In this study, the researchers investigated the effects of metformin on human umbilical cordmesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC) and found that it can inhibit the proliferation and colony formation of UC-MSCs while enhancing their ability to differentiate into adipocytes. Metformin also reduces the inflammatory activity of UC-MSCs and suppresses the growth of T lymphocytes. These findings suggest that metformin may promote adipose tissue regeneration and have anti-inflammatory effects, which contribute to its positive effect on lipid metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Usman Rashid, Arfan Yousaf, Muhammad Yaqoob, Evelyn Saba, Muhammad Moaeen-ud-Din, Shahid Waseem, Sandra K. Becker, Gerhard Sponder, Jorg R. Aschenbach, Mansur Abdullah Sandhu
Summary: In this study, we found that canine MSCs derived from infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) have the highest proliferation rate, while those from omental (OM) adipose tissue have higher cell metabolism. MSCs from all sources showed positive expression of CD73, CD90, CD105, and low expression of CD45. The differentiation potential of canine MSCs isolated from different adipose tissue sources was assessed, with OM-derived MSCs showing better differentiation potential towards adipo- and osteogenic lineages.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)